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The Alliance for Freshwater Life: A global call to unite efforts for freshwater biodiversity science and conservation 
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下载免费PDF全文 William Darwall Vanessa Bremerich Aaike De Wever Anthony I. Dell Jörg Freyhof Mark O. Gessner Hans‐Peter Grossart Ian Harrison Ken Irvine Sonja C. Jähnig Jonathan M. Jeschke Jessica J. Lee Cai Lu Aleksandra M. Lewandowska Michael T. Monaghan Jens C. Nejstgaard Harmony Patricio Astrid Schmidt‐Kloiber Simon N. Stuart Michele Thieme Klement Tockner Eren Turak Olaf Weyl 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2018,28(4):1015-1022
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S. Sundar Jani Heino Fabio de Oliveira Roque John P. Simaika Adriano S. Melo Jonathan D. Tonkin Davidson Gomes Nogueira Daniel Paiva Silva 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(6):1238-1250
- Motivated by recent global initiatives for biodiversity conservation and restoration, this article reviews the gaps in our understanding of, and the challenges facing, freshwater macroinvertebrate biodiversity and conservation in tropical regions.
- This study revealed a lack of adequate taxonomic, phylogenetic, and ecological information for most macroinvertebrate groups, and consequently there are large‐scale knowledge gaps regarding the response of macroinvertebrate diversity to potential climate change and other human impacts in tropical regions.
- We propose ideas to reduce the impact of key drivers of declines in macroinvertebrate biodiversity, including habitat degradation and loss, hydrological alteration, overexploitation, invasive species, pollution, and the multiple impacts of climate change.
- The review also provides recommendations to enhance conservation planning in these systems (as well as providing clear management plans at local, regional, and national levels), integrated catchment management, the formulation of regulatory measures, the understanding of the determinants of macroinvertebrate diversity across multiple scales and taxonomic groups, and the collaboration between researchers and conservation professionals.
- It is suggested that the integrated use of macroinvertebrate biodiversity information in biomonitoring can improve ecosystem management. This goal can be facilitated in part by conservation psychology, marketing, and the use of the media and the Internet.
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Pedro Abellán David Sánchez‐Fernández Josefa Velasco Andrés Millán 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2007,17(4):361-374
- 1. Biodiversity is probably at greater risk in freshwater systems than in other ecosystems. Although protected areas (PAs) play a vital role in the protection of biodiversity and are the mainstay of most conservation polices, the coverage of biodiversity by existing PA networks is often inadequate and few reserves are created that take into consideration freshwater biota.
- 2. In this paper an attempt is made to address the performance of protected areas in the context of freshwater biodiversity conservation using data records for water beetles in a Mediterranean river basin.
- 3. Although the present PAs in the study area cover a relatively high number of water beetle species, the distribution and extent of reserves is still inadequate or insufficient to protect freshwater biodiversity, especially species of conservation concern.
- 4. Alternative area‐selection methods (hotspots and complementary) were more efficient than PAs for representing water beetles. Within these, complementarity was the most efficient approach, and was able to represent all species in a significantly lower area than the current PA network. On the other hand, the future Natura 2000 Network will result in a great increase in the total area of protected land as well as in the biodiversity represented.
- 5. Unfortunately, the occurrence of a species within a protected area is not a guarantee of long‐term survival because the extent of PAs is often insufficient and disturbances occur outside park boundaries. Thus, whole‐catchment management and natural‐flow maintenance are indispensable strategies for freshwater biodiversity conservation.
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Salty stories,fresh spaces: Lessons for aquatic protected areas from marine and freshwater experiences 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Erin K. Loury Shaara M. Ainsley Shannon D. Bower Ratana Chuenpagdee Tracy Farrell Amanda G. Guthrie Sokrith Heng Zau Lunn Abdullah Al Mamun Rodrigo Oyanedel Steve Rocliffe Suvaluck Satumanatpan Steven J. Cooke 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2018,28(2):485-500
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Identifying important sites for conservation of freshwater biodiversity: extending the species-based approach 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Abstract Species richness in relation to area of habitat is extremely high in many freshwater groups, with an estimated 12 000 fish, 5000 amphibians and 2000 mollusc species dependent on freshwater habitats. Other major groups dependent upon fresh waters include, reptiles, insects, plants and mammals. The IUCN Redlist and The Nature Conservancy assessments both indicate the serious vulnerability and degradation of inland water habitats world-wide. It is evident that there are neither the resources nor the time to protect all areas where species are under threat. Clearly a method is needed for prioritising inland water sites for conservation at both local and regional scales. IUCN held a workshop in June 2002 to develop a method for prioritising important inland water sites for biodiversity conservation. The goal of the workshop was to develop a method which would help to focus on conservation efforts and funds at the regional scale and would serve as a tool for active conservation efforts at the local scale. The method was developed on the foundations of a review of the existing site prioritisation schemes for terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems. Expert representatives for a broad range of priority taxa and for existing schemes provided input to the development of the site prioritisation method. This paper describes the development of the method, the selection criteria adopted, guidelines for their use and the site selection procedure. 相似文献
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Jeanne L. Nel Dirk J. Roux Robin Abell Peter J. Ashton Richard M. Cowling Jonathan V. Higgins Michele Thieme Joshua H. Viers 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2009,19(4):474-485
- 1. Freshwater ecosystems and their associated biota are among the most endangered in the world. This, combined with escalating human pressure on water resources, demands that urgent measures be taken to conserve freshwater ecosystems and the services they provide. Systematic conservation planning provides a strategic and scientifically defensible framework for doing this.
- 2. Pioneered in the terrestrial realm, there has been some scepticism associated with the applicability of systematic approaches to freshwater conservation planning. Recent studies, however, indicate that it is possible to apply overarching systematic conservation planning goals to the freshwater realm although the specific methods for achieving these will differ, particularly in relation to the strong connectivity inherent to most freshwater systems.
- 3. Progress has been made in establishing surrogates that depict freshwater biodiversity and ecological integrity, developing complementarity‐based algorithms that incorporate directional connectivity, and designing freshwater conservation area networks that take cognizance of both connectivity and implementation practicalities.
- 4. Key research priorities include increased impetus on planning for non‐riverine freshwater systems; evaluating the effectiveness of freshwater biodiversity surrogates; establishing scientifically defensible conservation targets; developing complementarity‐based algorithms that simultaneously consider connectivity issues for both lentic and lotic water bodies; developing integrated conservation plans across freshwater, terrestrial and marine realms; incorporating uncertainty and dynamic threats into freshwater conservation planning; collection and collation of scale‐appropriate primary data; and building an evidence‐base to support improved implementation of freshwater conservation plans.
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- 1. The natural evolution of ponds leads to the filling up of these small ecosystems, and human intervention may sometimes be necessary to ensure their continued nature conservation interest.
- 2. In the arid karstic region of the ‘Causses du Quercy’ (France), there are numerous ponds bored into parts of the calcareous rock where water cannot percolate. Without human management they are destined to disappear, although they constitute the only available surface water resource on this limestone plateau.
- 3. Little information is available about the physical and chemical changes occurring as ponds go through different successional stages. A comparative study of three ponds at various stages of succession allowed an analysis to be made of the seasonal changes in a number of abiotic variables.
- 4. There was evidence that the temporal and spatial variability of abiotic factors (such as temperature, water level and dissolved oxygen concentrations) increased as ponds progressed through successional stages.
- 5. This study indicated that ponds varied in terms of plant and animal species richness and rarity, temperature, and oxygen concentration at different successional stages. Each pond supported a distinctive fauna. The results suggest that biotic diversity is, in part, driven by local‐scale physical and chemical heterogeneity. Management plans should be drawn at a scale that maintains the heterogeneity of such pond networks.
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