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恩施自治州地处武陵山区,位于湖北省西南部,常年水稻种植面积6万hm^2以上。由于山区独特的气候特征,日照少、气温低、雨水多、风灾多,导致水稻产量低,水稻病虫害发生严重,是全国有名的水稻稻瘟病重发区。针对这些自然灾害,选育高产优质抗病抗逆性强的杂交水稻品种是确保山区水稻增产增收的关键。 相似文献
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黔东武陵山区抗稻瘟病水稻品种抗性鉴定初报邹天申,梅佐有,冷应朝(铜仁地区农业局科教站)(贵州省铜仁农业学校)(江口县农业局植保站)杨再文,李灿和,杨再发(松桃县农业局植保站)(印江县农业局植保站)(江口县坝盘乡农技站)稻瘟病是铜仁地区水稻上的主要病害... 相似文献
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第一部分 主导品种
水稻(30个)
一、长江中下游稻区
Y两优1号:适宜在海南、广西南部、广东中南及西南部、福建南部的稻瘟病轻发的双季稻区作早稻种植,以及在江西、湖南、湖北、安徽、浙江、江苏的长江流域稻区(武陵山区除外)和福建北部、河南南部稻区的稻瘟病、白叶枯病轻发区作一季中稻种植.还适宜在云南、重庆(武陵山区除外)的中低海拔籼稻区、四川平坝丘陵稻区、陕西南部稻区作一季中稻种植.稻瘟病重发区不宜种植. 相似文献
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笔者从事种子推广经营工作近十年,在推广杂交水稻、杂交玉米新品种的过程中发现,在武陵山区(湖南、湖北、贵州、重庆三省一市交界处)许多"双杂"新品种,刚开始均能推一些下去,但是仅过一二年就被其他新品种取代,存留下来的新品种在武陵山区也只占有少量份额,无法占据武陵山区种业的主导地位. 相似文献
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稻瘟病 ( Pyricularia oryzae)自 15 6 0年首次发现以来 ,已成为世界性水稻病害。在宁夏引黄灌区水稻栽培史上 ,稻瘟病也是影响水稻高产 ,稳产的重要因素之一。水稻是宁夏的主要粮食作物 ,稻瘟病是我区水稻的主要病害 ,白叶枯病、恶苗病也不同程度危害我区的水稻生产。随着农业生产发展的需求 ,选育优质、高产 ,抗病的品种已成为我区水稻育种的主攻方向。1 抗病育种中品种抗性过早丧失的问题1.1 稻瘟病菌种群的分布差异及致病性的可变异性长期以来人们对稻瘟病菌的致病性进行了大量的研究[1、2 ,3 ] 发现其致病性易多变 ,从而导致抗病品… 相似文献
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莫曾梅 《农产品加工.学刊》2019,(7):78-80
随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。 相似文献
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Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha−1 grain and 16 t ha−1 residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha−1, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha−1; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha−1. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO−3-N ha−1. 相似文献
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我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1 播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm2,发展到1333.3万hm2,增长139.5%。1.2 总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg…… 相似文献
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以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F2群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脯氨酸(Pro)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛(MDA)等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F2群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F2群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关(正相关或负相关),且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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LI Zhi-liang~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(7):82-85
Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology. 相似文献
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《Journal of Landscape Research》2013,(Z1)
Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design. 相似文献
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果蔬食品的褐变与控制 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。 相似文献
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Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection. 相似文献