浅论酶联免疫吸附法在饲料安全检测中的应用

酶联免疫吸附技术作为先进的免疫化学检测技术正越来越广泛地应用于饲料安全检测。本文简要介绍了酶联免疫吸附法的原理在饲料安全检测中的运用及其试验的条件要求。     

酶联免疫吸附法在饲料安全检测中的应用

酶联免疫吸附法是一种简便、快速、准确性较高的免疫化学检测方法,其原理是利用固相吸附与免疫酶技术结合使用以进行相应的抗原或者抗体的检测。目前我国饲料安全问题较多,其中饲料成分中的有毒、有害、禁止使用的药物或者添加剂等不确定性会给畜禽食用带来较大危害。为此,本文介绍了我国当前饲料安全中存在的问题;简述了酶联免疫吸附法的实验原理和常用于几种成分(检测饲料中的盐酸克伦特罗、检测饲料中的沙门氏菌、检测饲料中的黄曲霉毒素)的检测;提出了在饲料不同安全问题中的检测应用以及在实验过程中应该注意的事项:对试剂及物料的条件要求,对操作步骤的条件要求。     

酶联免疫吸附法在兽药残留检测中的应用

本文对酶联免疫吸附技术和兽药残留检测技术的现状进行了概述,并介绍了酶联免疫吸附法在兽药残留检测中的注意事项,表明了酶联免疫吸附技术在兽药残留检测快速筛选工作中将有广阔的应用前景。     

酶联免疫吸附测定法及在兽药饲料分析中的应用

酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme -linkedim munosorbentassay,简称ELISA)是2 0世纪70年代后迅速发展起来的免疫测定法,广泛用于人类、动物、植物以及微生物领域。近年来,随着兽药及兽药在饲料中的使用日益广泛,兽药种类及化学结构日趋复杂,以及检测的低剂量化、现场化和实验室样品的批量化,特别是人们对长期摄入低水平兽药可能导致的各种慢性及远期危害的关注,高选择性、高灵敏度、高分析效率、低成本、低环境污染特点的酶联免疫吸附测定法成为当今兽药饲料分析领域应用最广、发展最快的测定技术之一。1　酶联免疫吸附测定法的检测原理酶联免…     

囊虫病免疫诊断检测方法的研究进展

由于科学技术的发展,囊虫病免疫诊断检测方法有了很大的进展,主要有1.免疫学检测方法,包括酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)、斑点酶联免疫吸附法(Dot-ELISA)、生物素-亲和素酶联免疫吸附法(BAS-ELISA)、单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附试验(McAb-ELISA)、酶联免疫印渍技术(ELIB);2.基因检测技术,包括DIG标记DNA探针、细胞因子基因检测方法、基因重组技术;3.免疫试剂盒的应用,包括循环抗原酶联免疫试剂盒、猪囊虫短程抗体IgG4快速ELISA检测试剂盒等。     

酶联免疫吸附试验在兽药与饲料检测中的运用

兽药与饲料的质量直接关系到养殖效果,为了保证质量安全必须要做好相关检测工作,而且还需要确保检测结果的准确性才能为质量安全管理工作的开展提供参考依据.常用的检测技术比较多,酶联免疫吸附技术属于一种新型检测技术,在实际应用过程中检测灵敏度可以得到保障,而且适用范围广、特异性强,对检测操作水平没有较高要求,与以往应用的检测技...     

酶联免疫吸附法和免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法在检测饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1含量中的比对研究

为了探讨酶联免疫吸附法检测饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1含量的可行性,试验采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)比对免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法(IAC-HPLC法),对饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1含量进行了检测,对检测结果的准确度、精密度和样品加标回收率进行了分析.ELISA法线性方程相关系数为0.9952,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.6％...     

ELISA在饲料及食品安全检测中的应用

检测食品及饲料中有害物质的方法很多,但大多数需要昂贵的仪器设备,且操作繁琐成本较高。酶联免疫吸附分析法是固相吸附技术和免疫酶技术相结合的一种方法,具有操作简便和快速准确等特点,可用于检测食品及饲料中微生物、毒素、农药残留、重金属污染及转基因产品等。     

ELISA快速检验饲料和家畜尿液中的“瘦肉精”

酶联免疫吸附实验（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）,是目前检测家畜饲料、产品以及组织、尿液中瘦肉精的最常用、最快速的方法。本文针对此方法和其它检测方法做了详细的比较,提出了酶联免疫吸附方法点板操作时的注意事项,并总结了在检测样品过程中注意的要点和经验。     

饲料中沙丁胺醇快速检测技术研究

本实验在现有的克伦特罗检测系统上建立了沙丁胺醇的酶联免疫吸附检测体系。结果表明,该方法在饲料中沙丁胺醇的检测中完全可行。     

禽类产品及饲料中尼卡巴嗪药物检测分析方法研究进展

尼卡巴嗪(nicarbazin,NIC)是一类由4,4’-二硝基苯脲(4,4-dinitrocarbanilide,DNC)和2-羟基-4,6-二甲基嘧啶(2-hydroxyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine,HDP)组成的等分子复合物,其中DNC为其残留标志物。NIC因安全高效被广泛应用于鸡和火鸡等禽类球虫病防治。近年来,NIC残留问题高发,严重威胁动物源性食品安全和消费者生命健康安全。目前,针对禽类产品和饲料中NIC分析方法主要包括仪器分析方法和免疫分析方法两大类。其中,仪器分析方法作为确证方法,具有高特异性、高灵敏度、结果可靠的优点,主要包括高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)和液相色谱-串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)等。免疫分析方法是NIC快速检测方法的主流技术,具有速度快、成本低、实用性强的优点,主要包括酶联免疫检测法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)、免疫层析方法(immunochromatography,IC)、表面等离子体共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)、荧光免疫检测法(fluorescent immunoassay,FIA)和流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)等。笔者综述了近40年来国内外禽类产品和饲料中NIC的检测分析方法,以期为NIC残留监控提供理论和实践指导依据。     

Technical note: Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed

One polyclonal antibody against florfenicol and thiamphenicol was produced and a competitive ELISA was developed for the detection of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed. The ELISA gave a 50% inhibiting concentration of 1.02 ng/mL for florfenicol. For swine feed fortified with 0.05 to 3.0 mg/kg, the interassay recoveries of florfenicol and thiamphenicol ranged from 86.4 to 118.6%, whereas intraassay recoveries of both drug ranged from 90.1 to 126.5% with less than 15% CV. Results obtained from HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry indicated this ELISA procedure could be used as a convenient method for rapid screening of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed.     

肉骨粉类饲料在畜牧业上的应用与研究

肉骨粉类饲料营养价值较高,营养成分的变异性很大,其养分的利用率属于中等水平,存在一定的安全性问题。本文就肉骨粉类饲料的营养特点、饲用安全性和肉骨粉的可利用性及其在畜牧业上的应用作一简要综述。     

Evaluation of tongue inspection and serology for diagnosis of Taenia solium cysticercosis in swine: usefulness of ELISA using purified glycoproteins and recombinant antigen

Evaluation of serology using glycoproteins (GPs) purified by preparative isoelectric focusing (pH 8.8) and recombinant chimeric antigen (RecTs) of Taenia solium was carried out using (1) blood samples on filter papers from pigs infected with different doses of eggs of T. solium in Mexico, (2) serum samples from pigs found infected naturally in Vietnam and Ecuador and (3) serum samples from pigs suspected to be infected with T. solium by tongue inspection in Tanzania. Antibody responses (IgG) were detectable in experimentally infected pigs confirmed harbouring 16 or more cysts at necropsy from 30 days after egg inoculation. One of three pigs naturally infected and harbouring 2.5 cysts/kg muscle and most of pigs harbouring=5.0 cysts/kg were also seropositive by ELISA. Although pigs may be infected with other taeniid species such as Taenia hydatigena, pigs harbouring this parasite were negative in ELISA. Approximately, 76 and 78% of sera from pigs having nodule(s) in the tongue (positive tongue inspection) were serologically positive by both ELISA and immunoblot, respectively. Furthermore, approximately 34 and 18% of sera from pigs having no nodules in the tongue (negative tongue inspection) were also seropositive by ELISA and immunoblot, respectively. ELISA using the two antigens was more sensitive than immunoblot and reliable for differentiation of pigs infected with cysticerci of T. solium from those either uninfected or infected with other taeniid species. Pigs without nodule by tongue inspection should be checked serologically in endemic areas.     

丙酸和丙酸盐在饲料中的应用及其生产工艺

丙酸和丙酸盐在饲料中具有重要而广泛的用途。本文介绍了丙酸及丙酸盐的防腐机理、安全性与优缺点,综述了丙酸和丙酸盐的工业生产工艺,探讨了提高丙酸发酵经济效益的策略。     

杆菌肽类饲料添加剂在畜禽养殖中的应用

杆菌肽作为抗菌饲料添加剂使用已经有50多年的历史了,本文主要杆菌肽锌和亚甲基水杨酸抗生素类饲料添加剂的药理作用、毒性安全、动物保健效果、国内外生产使用情况等方面进行了综述。     

Stochastic efficiency analysis of bovine tuberculosis-surveillance programs in the Netherlands

We constructed a stochastic bio-economic model to determine the optimal cost-efficient surveillance program for bovine tuberculosis. The surveillance programs differed in combinations of one or more detection methods and/or sampling frequency. Stochastic input variables in the epidemiological module described the dynamics of infection and the probability of detection. By means of an efficiency frontier, the trade-off between the expected cost and the epidemiological risk parameter relating to the outbreak size was evaluated. The surveillance scheme based on visual inspection of lesions on carcasses at slaughter was optimal given the current prevalence of the disease in the Netherlands if the objective was to minimise the expected costs. However, the efficient set also included two other schemes: slaughterhouse inspection in combination with GAMMA-interferon testing of blood samples and slaughterhouse inspection in combination with two-stage tuberculin testing. The choice ultimately will depend on the risk attitude of the decision-maker; a more-stringent surveillance scheme will be enforced if the expected outbreak size is to be constrained. In future scenarios, ELISA testing of bulk-tank milk in combination with the current slaughterhouse inspection procedure would outperform the surveillance scheme of solely slaughterhouse inspection if ELISA testing of bulk-tank milk becomes feasible.     

Rapid one-step enzyme immunoassay and lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for colistin in animal feed and food

Background: Colistin(polymyxin E) is a kind of peptide antibiotic which has been approved in animal production for the purposes of disease prevention, treatment, and growth promotion. However, the wide use of colistin in animal feed may accelerate the spread of colistin-resistance gene MCR-1 from animal production to human beings,and its residue in animal-origin food may also pose serious health hazards to humans. Thus, it is necessary to develop corresponding analytical methods to monitor the addition of colistin in animal feed and the colistin residue in animal-origin food.Results: A one-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay(LFIA) for colistin were developed based on a newly developed monoclonal antibody. The ELISA showed a 50%inhibition value(IC50) of 9.7 ng/m L with assay time less than 60 min, while the LFIA had a strip reader-based detection limit of 0.87 ng/m L in phosphate buffer with assay time less than 15 min. For reducing the non-specific adsorption of colistin onto sample vial, the components of sample extraction solution were optimized and proved to greatly improve the assay accuracy. The spiked recovery experiment showed that the recoveries of colistin from feed, milk and meat samples were in the range of 77.83% to 113.38% with coefficient of variations less than 13% by ELISA analysis and less than 18% by LFIA analysis, respectively. Furthermore, actual sample analysis indicated that the two immunoassays can produce results consistent with instrumental analysis.Conclusions: The developed assays can be used for rapid qualitative or quantitative detection of colistin in animal feed and food.     

用竞争性酶联免疫技术检测活猪盐酸克仑特罗残留

本文应用竞争性ＥＬＩＳＡ检测饲喂某厂生产浓缩料的健康猪,证实该逍缩料中添加了盐酸克仑特罗。     

天然饲料添加剂的优势与发展

天然饲料添加剂是以自然环境下生长、存在的物质为原料,加工而成的一种“绿色”饲料成分。本文从国内外饲料添加剂的发展趋势、生态环境保护及人类食品安全和健康的需要出发,综述了中草药饲料添加剂的研究简史、功能优势以及安全性,并提出了我国中草药饲料添加剂存在的问题和发展前景。