中西医结合治疗牛疥螨病

牛疥螨病是一种牛易患的慢性皮肤病,具有高度接触性传染.牛一旦感染此病,会影响其自身的身体健康,同时也会迅速的传染至整个牛群,危害严重,因此当前很多养殖户也十分的重视该疾病的预防和治疗.并且采用中西医结合的方式能够获得一定的治疗效果,基于此,本文也对中西医结合治疗牛疥螨病进行了分析和探究.     

常见犬疥螨病的诊断与治疗

犬疥螨病的发病率高,治疗有一定的困难,本文论述了在临床中应用中西医结合的方法治疗犬疥螨病,并结合日常饲养、食物、洗浴用品、环境因素在犬疥螨病防治过程中的重要意义,提出了合理的疗法和预防方案。     

猪疥螨病的诊断与防治措施

从猪疥螨病的病原、发育史、流行特点、症状等方面介绍了猪疥螨病,并根据多年的临床经验,结合北京地区气候特点,提出预防治疗措施,为猪疥螨病的防治提供参考。     

中西医结合治疗犬疥螨病的体会

犬疥螨病作为一种影响犬健康发育的疾病,治疗措施较多,以西医为主,中医治疗研究不多。本文通过对犬疥螨病病因分析,指出在中西医结合治疗犬疥螨病过程中,兽医要合理的选择和使用抗生素,配合一定的中药方剂进行治疗,实现标本兼治,提高患犬的生存率。     

山羊疥螨病的流行特点与防治措施

2012年4月23日,笔者参与了一例疑似山羊疥螨病的诊治工作。本文结合治疗谈谈该病的流行特点与防治措施,以供参考。     

对山羊疥螨病的防治办法

疥螨病是由螨侵袭家畜皮肤而引起发痒的慢性寄生性皮肤病,具有高度的传染性,在短期内可引起全群家畜的严重感染。螨病分布广泛,无论家畜、野生动物、禽类和人都能感染本病,特别是舍饲家畜易发本病,因此该病又是人畜共患的寄生虫传染病。一种动物由于寄生的螨种不同,其在皮肤上的表现症状也不相同。很多的报道和书籍都记载有治疗螨病的方法,在按照书上的说明使用药品时,由于治疗过程中使用药物的方式方法不同,其治疗效果有很大的差异,病愈后复发现象比较多。笔者根据多年来对山羊疥螨病的临床治疗实践和不断总结完善治疗方式方法,认为疥螨病的防制与使用药物的方式方法有很大的关系。     

对中西医结合诊治奶牛疥螨病的初步探索

文章介绍了真实病例,结合实际客观分析了奶牛疥螨病的病原,受感染的临床症状,诊断要点,特别是在自己多年工作经验基础上详细给出了中西医结合诊治方案和预防体会,对其它地区治疗该病具有参考价值。     

猪疥螨病的防治

疥螨病是山区猪、牛、羊常见的体外寄生虫病,特别是在多雨、阴暗、潮湿的环境最易产生,猪患上疥螨病,呈现坐立不安、生长减慢甚至死亡等现象。笔者在从事畜牧兽医工作中,目睹了很多实例,给广大养殖户带来一定的经济损失。笔者结合临床实践叙述了猪疥螨病的发病病因、机理、症状、诊断以及防治的方法。     

柴油、机油治疗猪疥螨病

用滴滴涕乳剂或0.5—1%的敌百虫水溶液等药物治疗猪的疥螨病,是众所周知的。但多因无配制成随时可用的现成剂型的药品可买,而给社员治疗猪的疥螨病带来不便。柴油、机油都能治疗猪的疥螨病,在农     

德宏小耳朵猪疥螨病的防治

德宏小耳朵猪是德宏人民经过长期饲养本地土猪驯化而来的本地优良品种,具有耐粗饲、适应散养、抗病性强、皮薄肉细等特点,深受消费者喜爱。由于德宏山区小耳朵猪采取半舍半散放饲养方式,容易患猪疥螨病。对德宏小耳朵猪疥螨病流行病学、临床症状、诊断、药物防治试验等详细论述。采用当地植物野香果制作的野香果油合剂对治疗猪疥螨病有较好疗效。     

Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serological diagnosis of sarcoptic mange in dogs

Canine scabies is a challenging disease to diagnose because sarcoptic mites are hard to find on skin scrapings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as an aid in the diagnosis of canine scabies. In addition, serum samples were obtained post treatment to determine the duration and persistence of circulating scabies antibodies after resolution of natural infection. Nineteen dogs diagnosed with sarcoptic mange and 38 control dogs were tested. Sixteen scabies-infested dogs showed positive pretreatment ELISA results (84.2% sensitivity). Thirty-four control dogs showed negative ELISA results (89.5% specificity). In the 11 scabies dogs from which multiple post treatment serum samples were obtained, detectable antibodies were not present 1 month after treatment in four cases, but were present for 1-4.5 months post treatment in seven dogs. Our results suggest that this scabies ELISA test is useful in the diagnosis of canine scabies.     

Evaluation of a sponge-on therapy for canine scabies

Forty dogs (20 treated, 20 controls) were utilized to evaluate a new treatment for naturally acquired canine scabies. A liquid concentrate formulation of amitraz was diluted and applied as a sponge-on therapy. Ninety-four percent of the dogs treated with the scabicide were cleared of mites and returned to clinical normality with a single topical treatment; one dog was retreated, cleared of mites and was also returned to normality. All dogs treated with the miticide responded clinically, therefore the treatment also may be useful when trial therapy is necessary to differentially diagnose the disease. The miticide was well tolerated by all dogs, and there was no evidence of dermal or ocular irritation. Topical treatment with the liquid concentrate was efficacious and safe as a therapy for naturally acquired canine scabies. Placebo controls did not improve clinically and these animals retained their mite populations.     

The infectivity of surviving Psoroptes ovis (Hering) on cattle treated with ivermectin

Ivermectin, 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1 (Merck MK-933), injected intramuscularly at the rate of 200 microgram kg-1 body wt., completely eliminated Psoroptes ovis populations from 6 Hereford cattle within 2 weeks after treatment. However, mites surviving 1, 3, and 5 days after treatment were viable and infective when transferred to untreated cattle. Mites surviving 7 days after treatment did not cause scabies or establish a colony of mites when transferred to untreated cattle. These results indicate that cattle treated with ivermectin for control of psoroptic scabies should be isolated from other cattle for at least 5 days after treatment.     

Evaluation of different methods for the diagnosis of scabies in swine

Scabies in pigs is still very common in many countries and can be detrimental to the productivity of pigs. However, correct diagnosis of the disease can preclude meaningful comparisons of results. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine, on 11 pig farms, the prevalence of scabies by determination of the presence of mites in ear scrapings, the dermatitis score, the SI and the detection of specific serum antibodies. For the latter an indirect ELISA technique was performed using a free-living mite as a source of antigen. A second objective was to compare the value of these different diagnostic tests. Four farms were positive for the presence of mites. Our study indicated that the SI of piglets is not reliable as a diagnostic tool for scabies (all values were below the threshold value of 0.4, even on farms that were positive for mites) but on the two farms with the highest prevalence of mites the SI was above the threshold for the finishers. However, the fact that sows from eight of the 11 farms investigated had a SI>0.4 would indicate that for sows either the SI is not very specific, or that a cut-off level of 0.4 is not relevant for this age group. On three of the four infected farms the ADS was higher than the cut-off value of 0.5, and on the fourth farm, where the ADS was only 0.43, individual carcasses with generalised dermatitis (score 2) were present. However, an ADS>0.5 did not always coincide with the presence of mites. On six farms, ODR values were indicative for the presence of Sarcoptes, and on three of these farms this was confirmed with positive ear scrapings. In conclusion, as determined by the detection of mites in pig ears, especially the results from the dermatitis scores seem to be useful in the diagnosis of scabies. The specificity of the other parameters is not sufficient, and therefore, the detection of mites should still be used to confirm scabies on a farm, in combination with other tools.     

肤螨灭治疗黄牛疥螨病的疗效研究

为了探讨复方中药制剂肤螨灭治疗黄牛疥螨病的效果及其最佳浓度,试验选用18例单纯感染疥螨的黄牛,将每头患病黄牛按患病的程度及范围分别相当划分为6个区域,分别采用不同浓度药液喷洒患部,观察其对黄牛疥螨病的临床疗效。结果表明:用肤螨灭治疗黄牛疥螨病能使局部丘疹/脓疱数降低,减轻或消除临床症状,总治愈率高达83.33%,且以含原药6.79 mg/mL的肤螨灭效果最佳。说明肤螨灭对黄牛单纯感染疥螨皮肤病疗效确实。     

Ivermectin for the control of swine scabies: relative values of prefarrowing treatment of sows and weaning treatment of pigs

Ivermectin given in a single subcutaneous dose (300 micrograms/kg of body weight) was tested for activity against swine scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei). Efficacy was determined by recoveries of mites from ear scrapings and by observations of clinical signs. Treatment of infected sows 8 to 37 days before farrowing eliminated scabies from the sows and prevented its transmission to their offspring. Pigs farrowed by ivermectin-treated sows remained noninfected throughout the study regardless of whether they were treated with ivermectin at weaning. Placebo-treated sows remained infected and transmitted scabies to their offspring. Ivermectin treatment of pigs at weaning eliminated the infection, whereas placebo treatment did not. The placebo-treated pigs remained infected while in the nursery, but ivermectin treatment eliminated the infection when they were moved to the growing and finishing floor at 12 weeks of age. It appears that an effective control program for swine scabies using ivermectin could be based on a single treatment of the sows before farrowing. Any infection (epizootic) appearing in growing pigs could be controlled by a single treatment of all in-contact pigs.     

一例獭兔疥螨病的病理组织学观察

为了对兔皮肤疾病进行更好地诊断和预防,就一例患病獭兔进行了病理学观察,为兔皮肤病研究提供基础资料.通过观察病兔剖检变化、寄生虫形态观察及采集内脏器官或组织制成病理组织学切片进行病理学染色的方法进行实验室诊断.经观察发现皮肤增厚、结痂、皮肤角质层增厚、皮下组织血管充血、水肿、炎性细胞浸润,并发现了大量虫体.其他内脏组织也有相应炎症变化.确诊了该病兔患有疥螨病.     

Mites and related disease

Parasitic mites cause a variety of dermatoses in domestic animals. The clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment of canine and feline demodicosis, canine scabies, notoedric mange, cheyletiellosis, otodectic mange, and other mite infestations are discussed.     

Evaluation of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of canine sarcoptic mange

This study was designed to assess the accuracy of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of canine scabies. Serum samples from 37 dogs were examined blind; 12 had sarcoptic mange confirmed by the identification of mites in skin scrapings, 12 were atopic (with positive intradermal reactions to one or more aeroallergens, including Dermatophagoides farinae), and 13 were healthy dogs with no history of skin disease. Optical density values of more than 0.16 were considered positive, 0.145 to 0.16 were considered questionable and less than 0.145 were considered negative. Ten of the 12 dogs with scabies were positive, all 12 atopic dogs were negative, and 11 of the 13 healthy dogs were negative and two were questionable.     

Use of doramectin for treatment of sarcoptic mange in five Angora rabbits

The efficacy of administering doramectin after moxidectin treatment, which has previously proved only partially effective, was evaluated in five Angora rabbits naturally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei mange. Evaluations included physical examination for clinical signs of sarcoptic mange and collection of skin scrapings for determination of mites. The rabbits first received two subcutaneous injections, 10 days apart, of moxidectin 1% injectable solution at a dosage of 0.2 mg kg(-1) of bodyweight. Although moxidectin treatment resulted in clinical improvement within 10 days post initial injection, on days 10 and 35 post initial treatment live mites were present in skin scrapings. Administration of doramectin 1% injectable solution using the same route and dosage and at similar intervals to moxidectin led to complete disappearance of signs of scabies and parasitological cure in all rabbits.