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1.
P.B. Kuppuswamy 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):110-118
Abstract Extract Recognition that one infective agent could cause ram epididymitis and ewe abortion in New Zealand was due to McFarlane et al. (1952). The organism was not identified at that time, but Buddie and Boyes (1953) classified it in the genus Brucella—possibly a variant of Br. melitensis. This finding provided a basis for research on control and treatment of the disease. The present paper describes studies on one aspect of this problem, the chemotherapy of affected rams. 相似文献
2.
Abstract Extract Feild outbreaks of acute lameness in sheep in New Zealand are usually attributed to contagious footrot (Fusiformis nodosus) (Beveridge, 1941), foot abscess (Sphaerophorus necrophorus) (Gregory, 1939), or so-called “nutritional scald” Occasionally Erysipelothrix rhusio pathiae is also responsible (Whitten, 1951). 相似文献
3.
M.B. Buddle B.V.Sc. D.Sc. F.K. Calverley B.Sc. Betty W. Boyes B.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):90-93
Abstract Extract An infectious epididymitis of rams caused by Brucella ovis (Buddie, 1956) infection, first described in Australia (Simmons and Boyes, 1953) and New Zealand (Buddie and Boyes, 1953) was recognized subsequently in Czechoslovakia (Gdovin et al, 1955), the United States (McGowan and Shultz, 1956), South Africa (Van Rensburg et al, 1958), Rumania (Tudoriu, et al, 1958), and South America (Dr Justo Zomara B, 1961, pers. comm.). As the infection can affect ram fertility and, further, can be responsible for abortion in ewes and perinatal mortality in lambs, attention has been directed to the development, evaluation, and application of control measures in a number of important sheep-raising countries. 相似文献
4.
Abstract Extract Increasing references have been made in the recent veterinary literature to malacic diseases of the nervous system in sheep and other animals. Plowright (1954) and Innes and Plowright (1955) have described a focal symmetrical spinal poliomalacia of unknown aetiology in sheep in Kenya. In the U.S.A., Cordy (1954) has described a focal symmetrical encephalomalacia of horses following the ingestion of a species of thistle, and Jensen et al. (1956) have described an idiopathic polio-encephalomalacia in cattle and sheep. In New Zealand, Hartley (1956) has described a focal symmetrical encephalomalacia (F.S.E.) of lambs that may be related to the sublethal effects of the toxin of Clostridium perfringens (welchii) Type D. Smith (1957) has described widespread lesions of polio-encephalomalacia together with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in sodium chloride poisoning of swine. 相似文献
5.
Abstract Extract Sir — The recently published advances by Done (1957). Done et al. (1957) and Harding cl al. (1957); ill Great Britain concerning the knowledge of different disease of the central nervous system ot pigs have prompted a closer examination of these diseases by Diagnostic Officers of the Animal Research Division in this country. 相似文献
6.
A.N. Bruere D.M. West N.J. Maclachlan J.D. Edwards H.M. Chapman 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(7):191-193
Abstract Extract An acute epididymitis affecting mainly young rams and associated with a gram-negative pleomorphic organism was first reported in New Zealand in 1955 (1). Subsequently a similar syndrome attributed to Actinobacillus seminis has been reported in Border Leicester and other rams in Australia (2) (3) (4). A like condition also described in Australia in a single crossbred ram was causally attributed to Histophilus ovis (5). Actinobacillus seminis was isolated from an epididymal infection in a Rambouillet ram in America (6) and from a Dorper ram in South Africa(7). 相似文献
7.
Abstract Extract Both Candida albicans and C. tropicalis have been implicated in cases of bovine mastitis following udder infusion with antibiotics (Loken et al., 1959). In some cases (Tucker, 1954), contamination of the diluting fluid and teats with yeasts from the operator has been given as the cause, while in other cases (Stuart, 1951; Hulse, 1952), yeasts from brewer's grains on which the cows were feeding have been blamed. 相似文献
8.
J. A. Cadwallader B.V.Sc. D.V.C.S. M.A.C.V.Sc. B.Sc. M. R. Alley B.V.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(9):207-211
Abstract Extract Malignant hyperthermia is a rare and usually fatal complication of general anaesthesia. It occurs in man (Britt and Kalow, 1970) and in certain breeds of pigs, the, Landrace (Hall et al., 1966; Berman et at, 1970; Harrison et al., 1970) the Poland China (Jones et al., 1972), the Pietrain (Allen et al., 1970) and the Large White (Mawdesley-Thomas, 1969). 相似文献
9.
Abstract Extract Poisoning of cattle and sheep with superphosphate where the fertilizer was stored within reach of the animals has been reported by Romanenko (1954). In New Zealand losses of pregnant and lactating ewes grazing pastures topdressed with phosphatic fertilizers have been recognixed for several years, and records kept since 1965 show that 39 outbreaks have been reported to Ruakura Animal Health Laboratory (P. J. O'Hara, pers. comm.). Swan and McIntosh (1952) have described the toxicity to dairy cows of grazing pasture topdressed with North African phosphate and superphosphate. The toxic factor was later identified as fluorine (Animal Research Division of the New Zealand Department of Agriculture Reports 1952–3, p. 28; 1953–4, p. 34; 1954–5, p. 35). Phosphatic fertilizers are known to contain 1 to 4% fluorine (Caro, 1964), and the danger of poisoning stock with fluorine in untreated phosphates used as feed supplements has been described by many authors (Emmerling, 1902; Dammann and Manegold, 1904; Gardiner, 1930; Phillips et al., 1934; Hatfield et al., 1942; Udall, 1947; Fincher, 1952; Harris et al., 1952; Crampton, 1954; Dale and Crampton, 1955; Snook, 1962; Rek, 1967; Agarwala et al, 1971). 相似文献
10.
R.J. Sutherland B.V.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(11):263-266
Abstract Extract In January 1975, Elaphostrongylus cervi was identified in material derived from red deer in the Fiordland National Park (Mason et al., 1976). This paper describes lesions associated with the presence of adult worms in the fascia and epimysium of skeletal muscles, lesions in lymph nodes, and lung lesions resulting from the presence of the first stage larvae of Elaphostrongylus cervi. This parasite is also known to cause meningo-encephalitis and spinal demyelination with consequent ataxia in red deer (Dykova, 1969). 相似文献
11.
Abstract Extract Tutu (Coriaria arborea Lindsay) is a small tree or shrub, variable in height, with leaves lin. to 3in. long, oblong and sessile, which has many flowers in long, drooping racemes. The fruit is purplish-black and is enveloped by juicy, persistent, and enlarged petals. It is a shrub that is found abundantly on certain river banks, bush, scrub, and tussock grassland throughout New Zealand (Connor, 1951). The green fruit and associated racemes, and also the flowering racemes, are highly toxic. The ripe fruit is relatively not as toxic (Easterfield, 1901). 相似文献
12.
E.D. Andrews M.Sc. A.N.Z.I.C. C.E. Isaacs B.V.Sc. R.J. Findlay 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):140-146
Abstract Extract In New Zealand, cobalt-containing drenches are recommended for the field diagnosis of cobalt deficiency, but find little use as a routine method of controlling the disease. For the latter purpose, cobaltized licks have a place on extensively-grazed untopdressed hill country. Otherwise, topdressing pastures annually with cobalt sulphate, usually as cobaltized superphosphate, has proved the best method of prevention (N.Z. Dept. Agric, 1954; Andrews, 1956). In Australia, however, greater reliance has been placed on drenches and licks, partly because cobalt topdressing is regarded as uneconomic on the extensive undeveloped holdings usually associated with cobalt deficiency in that country, and partly because the effects of cobalt applied to the land have often proved ephemeral, particularly on the acutely-deficient calcareous coastal sands (Lee, 1950; Bennetts, 1955). However, recent work in South Australia opens up an entirely new approach to the control of cobalt deficiency disease. Dewey et al. (1958) report that when semi-porous pellets containing cobaltic oxide are administered to sheep they are retained in the reticulum, or less commonly in the rumen, and release a continuous and adequate supply of cobalt to the animal. Phalaris staggers and cobalt deficiency disease can be prevented in this way. 相似文献
13.
D.R. Ris B.Sc. Dip.Agric. W.A. Te Punga B.Sc. B.V.Sc. Dip.Bact. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):94-97
Abstract Extract Surveys on perinatal infection in lambs in New Zealand have been reported and the pathology and bacteriology of the conditions described (Hartley and Boyes, 1955, 1964; McFarlane, 1955; Hartley and Kater, 1964). Potentially pathogenic organisms were isolated from 58 to 288 lambs from five flocks, Clostridium septicum being isolated from five of these cases (Hartley and Boyes, 1955). In another survey, 5.5% of lambs born dead or dying up to 4 weeks of age died from navel infection. Clostridium septicum was isolated from 69% of 48 consecutive cases (Hartley and Boyes, 1964). McFarlane (1955) recorded that 7.3% of perinatal mortality was due to navel infection but no bacteriology was carried out nor was the organism suspected stated. On individual farms, up to 15% of lambs recorded died from navel ill. It should be pointed out that, in this survey, only small numbers of lambs were received from some properties. 相似文献
14.
J.D. Kelly B.V.Sc. Ph.D. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(9):183-194
Abstract Extract The recognition that animals develop immunity to a wide range of protozoan and helminth parasites first began about 80 yearsago with the observations of Smith and Kilbourne (1893) that cattle recovered from Texas fever (Babesia bigemina) were immune to subsequent infection. This was followed by reports of acquired immunity in various helminth infections including trichinosis (Ducas, 1921), strongyloidosis (Sanground, 1928), haemonchosis (Stoll, 1928; 1929) and nippostrongylosis (Africa, 1931). 相似文献
15.
W.A. Te Punga B.Sc. B.V.Sc. W.H. Bishop M.R.C.V.S. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):143-149
Abstract Extract A gram-negative pleomorphic facultative aerobic organism, indistinguishable morphologically and culturally from that isolated from suppurative epididymitis in rams and described by Dodd &; Hartley (1955), has, over the last five years, been isolated at this laboratory on more than ten occasions from polytenosynovitis and pyaemia in lambs, and on one occasion from mastitis in a ewe. It still remains to characterize and classify this organism, but Roberts has made a detailed comparison of it with his Histophilus ovis (Roberts, 1956) and considers that the two are indistinguishable (Roberts, 1958, pers. comm.). 相似文献
16.
R.V. Brunsdon M.Sc. Ph.D. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):144-148
Abstract Extract Much work has been, carried out in New Zealand to ascertain the response in young sheep to drenching with anthelmintics (for review see Whitten, 1954). Clarke &; Filmer (1958) have also examined response to drenching in their studies on hogget' ill-thrift. As Whitten (1954) has shown, results of past drenching trials have been extremely variable. In some cases little or no response has been observed, in others considerable increases; in weight gains have been achieved. More recently, Robertson (1963) has summarized the results of part of an extensive series of country-wide post-weaning drenching trials conducted by the Department of Agriculture with the new anthelmintic thiabendazole. In those trials consistent, weight gain responses were recorded in favour of the drenched animals. However, most of the published data are from trials involving strategic drenching programmes designed to control or limit infestation rather than to suppress completely, patent infestation. Most of these trials have been confined to late summer, autumn and winter, and few have attempted to cover the entire first year of young sheep. Furthermore, little attempt has hitherto been made to correlate responses obtained with the changing degree and species composition of infestation throughout the course of the trial. 相似文献
17.
P.J.K. Durham M.V.Sc. J.C. Forbes-Faulkner A.I.M.L.T. W.S.H. Poole A.I.M.L.T. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(10):236-240
Abstract Extract The nature of the agent causing hairy shaker disease of lambs in New Zealand is uncertain. A report by Manktelow et al. (1969) demonstrated the transmissibility of the disease, using homogenized tissue as the inoculum, and drew attention to its similarity on clinical and pathological grounds to the condition of Border disease found in the United Kingdom. Transmission of Border disease using homogenized tissues had been previously reported by Dickinson and Barlow (1967), Shaw et al. (1967) and Barlow and Gardiner (1969). 相似文献
18.
Joan C. Kater B.V.Sc. Edith A. Davis B.Sc. K.G. Haughey M.R.C.V.S. W.J. Hartley B.V.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):32-38
Abstract Extract Published records of Escherichia coli infection in lambs have appeared with increasing frequency in recent years. Reports have come from Australia (Roberts, 1957, 1958; Charles, 1957) and from Britain (Terlecki and Shaw, 1959; Rees, 1958; Hughes, 1962). In the Australian outbreaks, the age of affected lambs ranged from three to eight weeks, while in the British outbreaks lambs became affected within one day of birth. In both countries the illness lasted from one to three days. Characteristically, the infection localized in the central nervous system leading to purulent meningo-encephahtis, and in the joints causing fibrino-purulent arthritis. 相似文献
19.
R.E. Slaughter B.Vet.Med. M.R.C.V.S. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(11):221-223
Abstract Extract Trimethoprim became generally available 3 years ago, following its original discovery as a unique antibacterial agent for combating diseases of both man and animals (Hitchings and Bushby, 1961; Pugsley et al., 1969; McGuinness, 1969; McCaig, 1970; Barnett and Bushby, 1970; Rehm and White, 1970; Craig 1972). 相似文献
20.
B.L. Smith 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(11):310-312
Abstract Extract The toxicity of zinc salts to ruminants has been studied by Ott et al (4) (5) (6) (7) and others (3) (16) (2) (12) (9). In much of this work zinc has been incorporated in the feed, a situation more applicable to intensive feedlot farming rather than the New Zealand pastoral situation, or the zinc has been fed for limited periods of time with the possibility that the full potential of zinc for causing toxicity has not been realised. 相似文献