荒漠草原“科尔沁型”华北驼绒藜旱作技术研究

“科尔沁型”华北驼绒藜是优良的旱生牧草,但其果实带毛、粘连,不适宜机械播种,而且种子发芽要求较高的温度、湿度,在荒漠草原地区直接播种,建立旱作人工草地难度很大。采用育苗,机械化植苗技术,在撂荒、退耕地建立旱作人工草地,具有成活率高、速度快,操作性强、成本低、简单易行的特点,可实现大规模机械化作业,效益显著,为荒漠草原地区生态建设探索出了一条新的有效途径,可在北方干旱、半干旱地区大力推广应用。     

Biology and pathology of the invertebrate eye.

Although this article is not a comprehensive review of ocular biology and disease across the millions of invertebrate species, it is hoped that it highlights the surprising gene homologies that influence ocular development despite the dramatic differences in resulting ocular development and final morphology. In the same way that ocular anatomy and physiology is undergirded by similarities in the genetic foundation of the eye, it is to be expected that eye disease in invertebrates, as it is studied in more depth, will show substantial homologies with the eye disease of the vertebrates that veterinary ophthalmologists are more used to treating.     

互助县种草养畜现状及发展方向

本文通过对互助县种草养畜现状的分析,从理结论合实际出发,提出适合本县种草养畜模式,为稳固发展本县畜牧业提供参考.     

Retirement

Retirement should be carefully thought through and sensible plans made for the future. It is a time of challenge for what lies ahead not disappointment at what has been. As you shut one door another will open and it is up to each individual to ensure that this will lead to a productive, satisfying and enjoyable way of life.     

Disposal of dog feces--why, who, how?--esthetic, legal and organizational aspects

Dog droppings in public footpaths and playgrounds have become a problem that makes many pedestrians and visitors feel more and more molested and even endangered. Increasingly, it also leads to a confrontation between the people afflicted and that part of the dog owners who never feel responsible for the removal of their pet's faeces. In the paper some considerations will be made on the "why", the "who" and the "how" of dog faeces disposal. The recommendation is to motivate the dog owners to teach their pets to defecate into the gutter or to remove the faeces that way by simple means, conform with the environment. Since rainfall makes the deposits gather in this area anyhow, there will be no additional burden for the municipal disposal facilities by this way.     

加快石漠化地区草地植被恢复促进喀斯特地区生态环境建设

石漠化问题加剧了喀斯特地区的水土流失和旱涝等自然灾害,进一步加深了该地区贫困程度,越来越成为制约社会、经济和生态全面发展的桎梏.恢复喀斯特地区草地植被是解决喀斯特地区石漠化问题的根本出路和保护生态环境的最后屏障,可以在快速有效地减少水土流失的同时短期内大幅度增加农民收入,实现可持续发展.恢复石漠化地区草地植被,要在保护和合理利用现有草地资源的基础上, 与种植优质牧草、发展草地畜牧业相结合, 与推广沼气技术相结合, 与生态旅游相结合.要拓宽投融资渠道, 增加资金投入.     

蒽酮-硫酸法测定酵母多糖的含量

用蒽酮-硫酸法测定多糖含量的方法被各种测糖的专著收载，而文献报道的酵母多糖含量的测定一般采用的都是苯酚显色法。作者旨在采用蒽酮 硫酸法测定酵母制品多糖的含量，为酵母多糖含量的测定提供一种新方法。结果，摸索出一套适合酵母多糖含量测定的蒽酮 硫酸比色法，采用本方法对酵母培养液进行测定，得到了准确的多糖含量，且本方法具有简单、易掌握、快速等优点，对生产上检测多糖含量具有实用价值。     

AMOS PCR在布鲁氏菌种型鉴定中应用的研究

AMOSPCR是近年来在布鲁氏菌上尝试使用的一种布鲁氏菌检测方法,可作为布鲁氏菌诊断及菌种类型鉴定的PCR方法,可区分牛种布鲁氏菌1、2、4型,羊种布鲁氏菌、猪种布鲁氏菌、绵羊附睾种布鲁氏菌。本试验用来自国内的疫苗S2,M5及国际上常用的布鲁氏菌疫苗S19,104M试验AMOSPCR的效果,同时对AMOSPCR扩增条带进行测序。结果表明,除国内布鲁氏菌S19检测结果与国外菌株不同外,其余的几种疫苗株都得到典型的特征性条带。同时测序结果也表明各种属条带无交叉反应,为今后国内诊断布鲁氏菌病诊断方法研究指出一个方向。     

蚕用粉剂灭蚕病改作水剂消毒的试验初报

市售灭蚕病为蚕用粉型消毒剂。试验结果表明:蚕体蚕座消毒时,将灭蚕病粉剂改作水剂使用,对预防家蚕病毒病、细菌病以及僵病的传播与发生,其作用与效果更为理想。     

A Comparative Study of Non-contact Infrared and Digital Rectal Thermometer Measurements of Body Temperature in the Horse

Equine body temperature taken with a non-contact infrared thermometer (NCIT) does not correlate well with the equine body temperature taken with a digital rectal thermometer (DRT), when it comes to absolute temperatures. There is significant variation in body temperature readings depending on the site at which the temperature was taken. NCIT may still may have, in that it does seem to be able to reliably detect when temperatures are more than that which is clinically normal, and does not seem to give falselyelevated readings in clinically normal horses. In horses that resent having their temperatures taken rectally, the NCIT seems to offer the equine clinician a quick and easy way to at least determine whether the horse's temperature is at or more than normal, even if it does not agree with DRT results.     

花粉SR萃取脱壁法的机理及其应用前景的探讨

本文阐述了花粉ＳＲ萃取脱壁法的工作原理,根据这一原理对这一方法的机理进行了深入探讨,并对此法的安全性、可靠性、工艺性作了综合评价。由此认为,这一方法可广泛应用于食品、化妆品、药品、酒类等行业中的花粉的前处理工艺。     

宁夏大农业内部系统耦合初探--Ⅲ两个市场的启示

通过对宁夏农牧交错带上 2个牛羊肉屠宰批发市场的建立及其功能的调查 ,可以看出 ,农牧两大区以草地畜牧业为纽带的系统耦合是在市场经济条件下 ,解决草地农业生态系统持续发展的一条有效途径     

Induction of cross-protection in mice against dolphin Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolates with a swine commercial vaccine

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is well known to cause disease in dolphins. This disease occurs either in an peracute way, leading to mortality even before clinical signs are observed or in a sub-acute way, characterized by rhomboidal skin lesions, that can be treated with penicillin or its derivatives. Commercial swine vaccines, containing inactivated serotype 2 strains, are currently used for vaccination but it is not known whether these vaccines induce protection against E. rhusiopathiae isolates from dolphins. In the present study, it was demonstrated in a mouse model that vaccination with a commercial swine vaccine (Eurovac Ery, Eurovet, Belgium) containing inactivated serotype 2 E. rhusiopathiae strains induced protection against challenge with three E. rhusiopathiae isolates from dolphins. The duration of the protection varied, depending on the challenging isolate, between 8 and >23 weeks. There was however no positive correlation between the amount of antibodies at the moment of challenge and the observed protection.In conclusion, vaccination trials in mice indicate that commercial serotype 2 swine Erysipelothrix vaccines induce protection against erysipelas caused by dolphin pathogenic isolates.     

The problem mare part 1: pathogenesis and clinical investigation

A review is given of treatment for 'problem' mares that do not become pregnant. To determine the best therapy, it is necessary to understand the defence mechanisms of the uterus and the pathogenesis of not getting in foal. A thorough clinical examination is absolutely necessary to come to a correct diagnosis. This examination will be explained in a practical way. In the second article the different therapies for treating problem mares are discussed. The therapeutic possibilities vary widely. They can be classified in: anatomical corrections, anti-infectious therapy, and treatment to enhance the uterine defence mechanism.     

The influence of land transport on animal welfare in extensive farming systems

The land transport of animals can have 3 types of influence on their welfare. First, the handling, loading, and novelty of the transport environment and experience can induce a psychological stress response in animals. Second, the withdrawal of feed and water and the need to stand and maintain balance for transport periods can cause a physiological and fatigue challenge to the animals. Finally, the thermal and physical conditions of the vehicle and journey can present a risk to the physical integrity of the transported animals.The key determinant of animal welfare is the way in which transport is conducted. The stress response during loading and the initial stages of transport may be minimized by careful handling, good design of facilities, and appropriate stocking densities and driving techniques. Where animals are not fed and watered during land transport, they vary in their ability to cope with periods of feed and water withdrawal, depending on their species, age, physiological state, and pre-transport access to feed and water. Journey conditions can also be an influence, with cold conditions exacerbating the effects of feed withdrawal and hot conditions increasing the risk of dehydration. The facilities containing the animals on the vehicle should minimize the risks of physical injury caused by falls, knocks, bruising, and the protrusion of body parts. Stocking density can also be managed to lessen the influences on animal welfare caused by hot conditions. In a well-ventilated vehicle, it is the stationary periods rather than periods in motion that present the greatest risk of heat stress. The opposite is true for very cold conditions. The land transport of livestock is neither inherently good nor inherently bad for their welfare. Rather, it is the way that it is done, and the management of the risks involved, that determine the level of welfare of the animals involved.     

RNA病毒重组及发生机制

重组在RNA病毒中很常见,但有关重组的许多关键问题目前尚无法解释.本文主要针对RNA重组的发生机制及其影响因素,解释重组频率发生变化的原因,阐述RNA重组未来仍需解决的问题.RNA重组是RNA病毒特殊的遗传信息交换方式,其频率在不同的RNA病毒中显著不同.目前,研究者普遍认为重组发生的机制可分为复制型、非复制型重组以及...     

酒精阳性乳的研究进展

为了保持牛奶的稳定性,牛奶中的钙离子、镁离子与磷酸、柠檬酸之间应保持适当的比例。游离的钙离子过多会抑制牛奶的稳定性。酒精阳性乳仍有利用价值。目前没有特效方法防止酒精阳性乳的发生。调节奶牛饲粮中离子平衡,利用中草药治疗可能是防止酒精阳性乳发生的一种有效途径。     

苜蓿叶蛋白的开发利用现状

着重综述了苜蓿Medicago sativa叶蛋白的营养价值、饲用价值、食用价值、医用价值及其存在的问题和发展前景,指出开发苜蓿叶蛋白是目前解决蛋白质饲料供需矛盾的有效途径之一.     

Microclimate of the fleece

Extract

The microclimate of the fleece is important for a number of reasons. First, it may be considered as a buffer system between the animal and the macroclimate and, as such, has an important influence on the way the sheep manipulates its body temperature control mechanism. Secondly, it is an important component of the environment in which can be found large numbers of micro-organisms, some of which are harmful to the animal and some harmful to the fleece. Thirdly, it influences the survival and habits of a number of ectoparasites and these, too, can be harmful to the animal and the fleece.