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1.
S.C. MacDiarmid 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(10):165-166
Abstract Extract Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a disease of goats of any breed, sex and age, caused by a retrovirus related to, but distinct from, the maedi-visna virus which affects sheep.(4) (10) Both infections are included among the so-called slow virus diseases which are characterised by a long incubation period, protracted clinical course and persistent infection. Maedi-visna is not present in New Zealand but CAE has been detected in a number of goat flocks. 相似文献
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F.J.A. Neilson K.T. Jagusch M.G. Gray K.S. Maclean 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(9):148-149
Abstract Extract Madam:– The administration of zinc salts to sheep at the time they are exposed to spores of Pithomyces chartarum will reduce the amount of liver damage from the mycotoxin contained in these spores.(7)(10)(11) It is a recommended practice in facial eczema susceptible areas of New Zealand.(9) We wish to report a suspected outbreak of salmonellosis that occurred only in a ZnO-dosed group of trial animals and suggest that there may be an association between ZnO administration and salmonellosis. 相似文献
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Abstract Extract Madam:– For several years we have been concerned with developing safe and effective methods of administering zinc to farm animals for the control of facial eczema. In none of our trial work involving repeated daily, weekly and fortnightly dosing of zinc oxide to sheep not vaccinated against salmonellosis has salmonellosis been encountered. Recently two reports(1),(3) have suggested that high doses of zinc oxide have played a part in the aetiology of two outbreaks of salmonellosis in sheep and we thank the authors of both papers for pointing out their field observations. In the first outbreak(3) the sheep were subjected to exceptional stress (thrce days of mustering, yarding, drafting, tagging, weighing, bleeding, dosing and trucking). Even so it appeared that the "zinc dosed" and not the "nonzinc" group were affected by salmonellosis, but in exceptional circumstances. 相似文献
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Abstract Extract Sir, — Leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica is now recognised as a widespread infection among opossums in New Zealand (2) and the possibility of domestic stock acting as accidental hosts has recently been demonstrated. (3) With the recent development of hardjo vaccines (1) (4) for controlling infection with this serovar in the maintenance hosts, stock could be left vulnerable to infection with other prevalent serovars such as balcanica. 相似文献
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Abstract Extract Increasing references have been made in the recent veterinary literature to malacic diseases of the nervous system in sheep and other animals. Plowright (1954) and Innes and Plowright (1955) have described a focal symmetrical spinal poliomalacia of unknown aetiology in sheep in Kenya. In the U.S.A., Cordy (1954) has described a focal symmetrical encephalomalacia of horses following the ingestion of a species of thistle, and Jensen et al. (1956) have described an idiopathic polio-encephalomalacia in cattle and sheep. In New Zealand, Hartley (1956) has described a focal symmetrical encephalomalacia (F.S.E.) of lambs that may be related to the sublethal effects of the toxin of Clostridium perfringens (welchii) Type D. Smith (1957) has described widespread lesions of polio-encephalomalacia together with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in sodium chloride poisoning of swine. 相似文献
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R.V. Brunsdon M.Sc. Ph.D. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):144-148
Abstract Extract Much work has been, carried out in New Zealand to ascertain the response in young sheep to drenching with anthelmintics (for review see Whitten, 1954). Clarke &; Filmer (1958) have also examined response to drenching in their studies on hogget' ill-thrift. As Whitten (1954) has shown, results of past drenching trials have been extremely variable. In some cases little or no response has been observed, in others considerable increases; in weight gains have been achieved. More recently, Robertson (1963) has summarized the results of part of an extensive series of country-wide post-weaning drenching trials conducted by the Department of Agriculture with the new anthelmintic thiabendazole. In those trials consistent, weight gain responses were recorded in favour of the drenched animals. However, most of the published data are from trials involving strategic drenching programmes designed to control or limit infestation rather than to suppress completely, patent infestation. Most of these trials have been confined to late summer, autumn and winter, and few have attempted to cover the entire first year of young sheep. Furthermore, little attempt has hitherto been made to correlate responses obtained with the changing degree and species composition of infestation throughout the course of the trial. 相似文献
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R.V. Brunsdon M.Sc. Ph.D. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(8):118-125
Abstract Extract There are two principal sources of initial infection for the young lamb, the ewe grazing with it and the residual pasture infection resulting from any previous grazing. Several workers (Hawkins et al., 1944; Leiper, 1951; Spedding and Brown, 1956; Spedding, 1962; Crofton, 1958; Soulsby, 1962) believe that the former is generally the more important. 相似文献
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P.B. Kuppuswamy 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):110-118
Abstract Extract Recognition that one infective agent could cause ram epididymitis and ewe abortion in New Zealand was due to McFarlane et al. (1952). The organism was not identified at that time, but Buddie and Boyes (1953) classified it in the genus Brucella—possibly a variant of Br. melitensis. This finding provided a basis for research on control and treatment of the disease. The present paper describes studies on one aspect of this problem, the chemotherapy of affected rams. 相似文献
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J. A. Cadwallader B.V.Sc. D.V.C.S. M.A.C.V.Sc. B.Sc. M. R. Alley B.V.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(9):207-211
Abstract Extract Malignant hyperthermia is a rare and usually fatal complication of general anaesthesia. It occurs in man (Britt and Kalow, 1970) and in certain breeds of pigs, the, Landrace (Hall et al., 1966; Berman et at, 1970; Harrison et al., 1970) the Poland China (Jones et al., 1972), the Pietrain (Allen et al., 1970) and the Large White (Mawdesley-Thomas, 1969). 相似文献
11.
Abstract Extract Sir, — Correspondence in your journal has indicated that there is some divergence of opinion about the efficacy of the complement fixation (CF) test for the diagnosis of ovine brucellosis (Brucella ovis) (1) (2) (3) (4) . A number of letters which have recently been received at the Animal Health Reference Laboratory indicate that this issue is not yet fully resolved. We believe that part of the difficulty is due to misunderstanding about the use and interpretation of the test, and we would therefore like to comment. 相似文献
12.
B.L. Smith 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(11):310-312
Abstract Extract The toxicity of zinc salts to ruminants has been studied by Ott et al (4) (5) (6) (7) and others (3) (16) (2) (12) (9). In much of this work zinc has been incorporated in the feed, a situation more applicable to intensive feedlot farming rather than the New Zealand pastoral situation, or the zinc has been fed for limited periods of time with the possibility that the full potential of zinc for causing toxicity has not been realised. 相似文献
13.
R.D. Jolly B.V.Sc. Ph.D. M.A.C.V.Sc. J.G. Digby B.V.Sc. M.B.A. C.G. Rammell B.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(11):218-222
Abstract Extract Recent research has shown that the gene frequency for mannosidosis (pseudolipidosis) may approximate 0.05 in pedigree Angus herds (Jolly, unpublished data). As epidemiological studies suggest an equal frequency in commercial non-pedigree herds, the disease is elf economic importance to the national beef industry. Mannosidosis is an inherited lysosomal storage disease associated with a defect in catabolism, of the heterosaccharide fractioln of glycoproteins (Whittem and Walker, 1957; Jolly 1971; Hocking et al., 1972; Phillips et al., 1974). Whereas animals with mannosidosis have negligible tissue sand plasma levels of α-mannosidase, heterozygotes having one normal gene and one defective gene have approximately half the normal level of enzyme in their tissues and plasma. This observation forms the basis for a control programme in which heterozygotes are identified by their plasma α-mannosidase 1evels (Jolly et al., 1973, 1974a, b). 相似文献
14.
Abstract Extract Madam;–The results of field trials of a live parainfluenza virus type3(PI3)vaccine suggested that(PI3)might not be the only virus involved in the initiation of outbreaks of pneumonia in lambs in New Zealand,(5)The outbreaks that were not associated with infection with(PI3)could not be linked to infection with the other ovine respiratory viruses then known to be present in New Zealand (ovine adenovirus type 6 and the ovine variant of bovine adenovirus type 7)((1),(4),(5)suggesting that other unrecognised viruses might be involved. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of pneumonia in human infants and in cattle.(8)This virus has recently been isolated from a yearling ewe with mild rhinitis(6)and there is serological evidence of infection in adult sheep.(3),(6)However, there are no reports implicating this virus in outbreaks of pneumonia in lambs, although experimental infection of lambs with a bovine isolate of RSV resulted in reduced pulmonary bacterial clearance leading to secondary pneumonic pasteurellosis.(2) 相似文献
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Abstract Extract In the course of some earlier experiments, it was observed that vitamin B12 deficiency in 2 hoggets was corrected by injection of hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12b) (E. D. Andrews, pers. comm., 1972). Since this form of therapy offered a convenient and effective means of treating young lambs suffering from vitamin B12 deficiency, more detailed investigations were desirable. It has been known for some time that lambs on the cobalt-deficient area at the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Kaitoke Farm lose condition after weaning. Abnormal amounts of methylmalonic acid (MMA) had been found in the urine of some of these lambs, indicating a state of vitamin B12 deficiency Andrews et al, (1970). 相似文献
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Abstract In the June 1998 issue of the New Zealand Veterinay Journal, a clinical review was published focusing on aspects of the protein nutrition of dairy cattle (Westwood et al., 1998). The authors wrote: “Most species of rumen bacteria can use ammonia for growth, but some, particularly bacteria which ferment cell wall carbohydrates, use or have obligate requirements for amino acids and peptides (Russel et al., 1992)”. 相似文献
18.
Isolation of leptospira hardjo from the opossum (trichosurus vulpecula) Extract Sir, — In 1971 and 1972 the Department of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries conducted surveys on the incidence of leptospirosis among fanners and their stock on the Hauraki Plains. As a result, Leptospira hardjo was identified for the first time in New Zealand, being isolated from humans (Christmas et al., 1974) and from dairy cattle (Lake, 1973). Evidence to date suggests that most human infections in New Zealand, whether of L. hardjo or of other serotypes, are contracted while milking. 相似文献
19.
Abstract Extract Disease surveillance systems can take many forms, depending upon what is desired of them. Surveys of mortality can be useful as an integral part of any surveillance system, both as a record of the losses and as an indication as to which conditions may be responsible for lowering the thrift of the population. Both these sources of loss are important in reducing the monetary return from a stock population as a whole. Surveys of mortality can indicate the importance of low incidence diseases and can be used to identify conditions previously unknown in the area. Totally new diseases can also be detected in this manner. Many individual disease conditions as well as surveys of groups of diseases (Hartley and Kater, 1962; O'Hara and Shortridge, 1966; Shortridge and Cordes, 1971) have been reported from material submitted to New Zealand laboratories and mortality studies on groups of animals have been undertaken elsewhere (Everitt and Evans, 1970; Jackson et al., 1972). 相似文献
20.
Abstract Extract Sir:– Recently, caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) was isolated in New Zealand.(5) The virus induced syncytial cell formation in cell culture, budded from the cytoplasmic membrane of infected cells, was 80-100 nm in diameter, and reacted with both CAEV- and maedi/visna-positive antisera. We wish to present evidence that this isolate of CAEV has other biochemical characteristics of the Retroviridae. The two biochemical techniques used were the detection of 3H uridine-Iabelled virus and the assay for viral RNA-directed DNA polymerase (RDDP). 相似文献