当前广西柑橘生产值得重视的几个问题

广西位于祖国南疆,西起东经104°29′,东至东经112°04′,南起北纬20°54′,北至北纬26°20′,属亚热带气候区,气候温和,雨量充沛,光能丰富,冬无严寒,夏无酷暑,发展果树条件得天独厚。全区年平均气温16～23℃,无霜期长达300d以上,年日照1400～1800h,年降雨量1000～2800mm。最冷的1月份平均温度5.5℃,最热的7月份平均温度23～29℃;5～9月是广西的雨季,降水量约占全年的75％。广西是一个天然的温室,适合多种果树生长,是柑橘类果树生长的最适宜区和适宜区。     

对当前广西柑橘黄龙病防治工作的思考

在广西区农业厅和桂林市人民政府联合举办的"全区成功防治柑橘黄龙病交流培训会"的推动下,在各级政府和业务主管部门的共同努力下,目前全区各市、县特别是桂林市各县正在掀起一个柑橘黄龙病防治的高潮.笔者坚信,有了这样一个好的开局,只要能持之以恒,坚持数年,有效控制广西柑橘黄龙病的日子将一定会到来.     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的,参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施,     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的，参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施，分别于2004年和2009年获得广西科技进步奖二等奖。     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的,参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施,分别于2004年和2009年获得广西科技进步奖二等奖。     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的,参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施,分别于2004年和2009年获得广西科技进步奖二等奖。     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的,参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施,分别于2004年和2009年获得广西科技进步奖二等奖。     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的,参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施,分别于2004年和2009年获得广西科技进步奖二等奖。     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的，参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施，分别于2004年和2009年获得广西科技进步奖二等奖。     

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地

广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育基地是在广西柑桔研究所柑橘品种研究室（无病毒苗木繁育中心）的基础上建立起来的,参加了“广西柑橘无病毒良种繁育体系”和“优良柑橘品种无病毒繁育及示范”项目的实施,分别于2004年和2009年获得广西科技进步奖二等奖。     

桂林市柑桔无病苗木生产现状及对策

近年来桂林市部分区域由于柑桔黄龙病的危害，已严重影响柑桔产业的可持续发展，其中苗木带病是引起黄龙病发生严重的重要原因之一，为此，笔者对全市柑桔苗木生产情况进行调查，并提出柑桔无病苗木生产对策。     

木霉菌剂对草莓微繁苗生长和抗病性的影响

以幸香、红脸颊、丰香草莓微繁苗为试材,分别以重茬土和混合基质为栽培基质,研究了木霉菌剂(健根宝)对草莓植株生长发育、生理生化指标及抗病性的影响。结果表明,无论是重茬土还是混合基质,供试的3个草莓品种接种木霉菌剂后均表现草莓微繁殖苗生长势强,草莓叶片叶绿素、蛋白质、可溶性糖和淀粉含量提高;接种木霉菌剂的草莓植株中苯丙氨酸解氨酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性均比对照植株有所提高;重茬土和混合基质土,木霉菌剂处理的丰香植株的病情指数分别为36.7和19.2,大约是对照植株的一半。     

A review of nursery production systems and their influence on urban tree survival

Urban trees face a myriad of complex challenges growing in the built environment. The most common environmental conditions influencing urban tree mortality are water availability, nutrient deficiency and soil compaction. Long-term survival of recently installed trees has been directly attributed to site conditions, planting technique, and post-transplant maintenance. Tree survival is also dependent on selection of healthy, suitable plant material. Production methods for woody plants include traditional plastic containers (CG), pot-in-pot containers (PIP), and in-ground fabric containers (IGF). Field grown trees may be produced as bare-root (BR) or root ball-excavated and burlap-wrapped (B&B) trees. Each of these methods offers unique advantages in relation to production and installation. Many of the studies reviewed reveal varying post-transplant establishment and survival responses to production methods at a species-specific level.     

发展砂糖橘 提升产业化——梧州市柑橘生产调研报告之一

砂糖橘于20世纪80年代初期从广东四会县引入广西，目前，广西柳州、河池、桂林等地都有栽培。梧州市是广西宽皮柑橘生产的适宜区之一，其砂糖橘于1986年由岑溪市筋竹镇从广东四会县引进500余株种植0．17hm^2，后来逐年发展扩大，近几年来得到了较快发展，目前己成为梧州市农业重点发展项目，取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

对当前果树学研究与教学的几点思考——兼复《果树学报》编委(顾问)研讨会邀请

<正>《果树学报》编辑部:很高兴收到你们发来5月份研讨会的邀请。《果树学报》走过了艰苦但值得赞美的31年历程,办成一个国内外有一定影响的果树学专业学报。这首先是通过编辑部同仁艰苦努力取得的丰硕成果,当然也包含同行专家作者们的爱护和努力奉献。我个人感到遗憾的是,因健康原因无法前来与大家相聚和共商办刊大事。我主要是40多年的腰腿病拖累,那是20世纪70年代初在陕北的艰苦条件下落下的。那时我们整个北京农大差点儿覆灭,被迫于1970—1971年整校搬迁至陕北甘泉县的一个废弃的劳改场。     

Evaluation of citrus somatic hybrids for tolerance to Phytophthora nicotianae and citrus tristeza virus

Somatic hybridization is a biotechnology tool that can be used in citrus breeding programs to produce somatic hybrids with the complete genetic combination of both parents. The goal of this work was to test the reaction of citrus somatic hybrids that may be useful as rootstocks to trunk and root infections caused by Phytophthora nicotianae van Breda de Haan (P. parasitica Dastur) and to citrus tristeza virus (CTV). The somatic hybrids evaluated were ‘Caipira’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) + ‘Rangpur’ lime (C. limonia Osbeck), ‘Caipira’ sweet orange + ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin (C. reshni hort. ex Tanaka), ‘Caipira’ sweet orange + ‘Volkamer’ lemon (C. volkameriana V. Ten. & Pasq.), ‘Caipira’ sweet orange + rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush.), ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin + sour orange (C. aurantium L.), ‘Rangpur’ lime + ‘Sunki’ mandarin (C. sunki (Hayata) hort. ex Tanaka), ‘Ruby Blood’ sweet orange (C. sinensis L. Osbeck) + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, ‘Rohde Red’ sweet orange (C. sinensis L. Osbeck) + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, and ‘Valencia’ sweet orange + Fortunella obovata hort. ex Tanaka. For P. nicotianae trunk and root infection assays, plants of the somatic hybrids, obtained from 9-month semi-hardwood cuttings, were evaluated and compared with diploid citrus rootstock cultivars after mycelia inoculation in the trunk or spore infestation in the substrate, respectively. ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin + sour orange, ‘Rangpur’ lime + ‘Sunki’ mandarin, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, ‘Ruby Blood’ sweet orange + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, ‘Rohde Red’ sweet orange + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, and ‘Caipira’ sweet orange + ‘Volkamer’ lemon had less trunk rot occurrence, whereas the somatic hybrids ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin + sour orange, ‘Caipira’ sweet orange + ‘Volkamer’ lemon, and ‘Caipira’ sweet orange + ‘Rangpur’ lime were tolerant to root rot. For CTV assays, plants of the somatic hybrids along with tolerant and intolerant rootstocks were budded with a mild strain CTV-infected or healthy ‘Valencia’ sweet orange budwood. Differences in average scion shoot length indicated that the hybrids ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin + sour orange and ‘Valencia’ sweet orange + Fortunella obovata were intolerant to CTV.     

Somatic hybridization of high yield,cold-hardy and disease resistant parents for citrus rootstock improvement

Summary

Increasing losses of trees to diseases, expansion of plantings into more marginal production areas and the need to control tree size to reduce harvesting costs have elevated the demand for new improved citrus rootstocks in Florida. A major strategy of the CREC rootstock improvement programme has been to use protoplast fusion to produce allotetraploid somatic hybrids that combine complementary rootstock germplasm. Tetraploid citrus rootstocks have been shown to have a built-in tree size control component due to polyploidy. This report focuses on the incorporation of newly identified superior rootstock germplasm into the somatic hybridization programme. Poncirus trifoliata 50–7, a selection of trifoliate orange selected for superior resistance to Phytophthora nicotianae, was hybridized with sour orange, Changsha mandarin, Navel orange, and a seedy white ‘Duncan’ type grapefruit. High-yielding Benton citrange (Citrus sinensis 3 Poncirus trifoliata) was hybridized with Changsha mandarin and sour orange. More than 200 plants of each of these six new somatic hybrids were propagated via tissue culture and rooted cuttings. To assess their horticultural performance, all the somatic hybrids were budded with commercially important scions and planted in replicated trials representing the two most important soil types in Florida. Seed trees of each somatic hybrid have also been planted in the field to determine fruiting potential and level of polyembryony.     

桂林市宽皮柑桔的生产现状、存在问题及发展探讨

根据桂林市宽皮柑桔的生产现状，分析生产上存在的一些问题，提出今后一段时间内桂林市宽皮柑桔的发展思路、目标及对策。     

沂水县A级绿色食品葡萄生产操作规程

阐述了被中国绿色食品发展中心认定为绿色食品A级产品汇泉牌葡萄的土壤管理、肥水管理、病虫防治、花果管理和修剪等周年生产操作规程。     

A rapid biosensor-based method for quantification of free and glucose-conjugated salicylic acid

Background  

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signalling molecule in plant defenses against biotrophic pathogens. It is also involved in several other processes such as heat production, flowering, and germination. SA exists in the plant as free SA and as an inert glucose conjugate (salicylic acid 2-O-β-D-glucoside or SAG). Recently, Huang et al. developed a bacterial biosensor that responds to free SA but not SAG, designated as Acinetobacter sp. ADPWH_lux. In this paper we describe an improved methodology for Acinetobacter sp. ADPWH_lux-based free SA quantification, enabling high-throughput analysis, and present an approach for the quantification of SAG from crude plant extracts.