早杂籼稻糙米代替玉米日粮对肉鸡增重效果的研究

选择同来源出壳１日龄的爱拨益加肉用雏鸡４４０只,随机分为４组,每组１１０只。１组为玉米日粮组,２、３、４组依次以糙米取代日糖中玉米５０％、７０％、１００％。采用对比饲养试验,试验期４５ｄ。试验结果：１、２、３和４组鸡试期末平均体重分别为１．９８０、２．０６７、２．２０６和２．３２５ｋｇ;日增重依次为４２．７、４４．７、４７．８和５０．４ｇ;与对照（１）组比较,２,３和４组日增重依次提高４．７％、１     

乳果糖替代饲用抗生素对AA肉仔鸡生产性能和屠宰性能的影响

[目的]研究乳果糖替代饲用抗生素后对AA肉仔鸡生产性能和胴体品质的影响.[方法]选用180只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只.阴性对照组饲喂基础日粮;抗生素组添加0.3 g/kg那西肽和0.25 g/kg硫酸粘杆菌素预混剂;试验组分别添加0.5;、1.0;和1.5;乳果糖.测定生产性能及胴体指标.[结果]各组肉仔鸡活体重分别为2 164.22、2 057.58、2 101.43、2 208.86、2 172.00 g,差异不显著(P＞0.05).料重比分别为2.15、1.90、1.95、1.96、2.02,抗生素组显著低于阴性对照组13.16;(P＜0.05),但其它各组均差异不显著(P＞0.05).乳果糖组肉仔鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量较抗生素组均有所提高,但差异不显著(P＞0.05).添加抗生素、1.0;、1.5;乳果糖肉仔鸡的存活率显著提高.乳果糖在很大程度上改善了肉仔鸡的胴体品质,其中0.5;、1.0;乳果糖组比抗生素组腹脂率分别降低3.48;(P＞0.05)、17.24; (P ＞0.05).[结论]添加不同水平乳果糖替代饲用抗生素后均具有提高肉仔鸡生产性能、改善胴体品质的趋势,综合生产性能和胴体品质来看,1.0;乳果糖的替代效果较佳.     

谷氨酰胺替代饲用抗生素对AA肉仔鸡生产性能和胴体品质的影响

[目的]研究谷氨酰胺替代饲用抗生素后对AA肉仔鸡生产性能和胴体品质的影响.[方法]选用180只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只.阴性对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组添加0.3 g／kg那西肽和0.25g/kg硫酸粘杆菌素预混剂,试验组分别添加0.1;、0.2;和0.3;谷氨酰胺.测定生产性能及胴体品质.[结果]与阴性对照组相比,抗生素组肉仔鸡死亡率和料重比显著降低(P＜0.05),其它指标均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).与抗生素组相比,谷氨酰胺组活体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量均有不同程度的增加.各组料重比差异不显著(P＞0.05),不同水平谷氨酰胺比阴性对照组分别降低了11.40; (P＞0.05)、8.59; (P ＞0.05)、9.69; (P ＞0.05).肉仔鸡宰胴体品质有所改善,添加0.2;、0.3;谷氨酰胺腹脂率分别下降6.25;(P＞0.05)、6.73; (P ＞0.05).[结论]添加不同水平的谷氨酰胺替代饲用抗生素后均具有提高肉仔鸡生产性能和改善胴体品质的趋势,综合生产性能和胴体品质来看,0.3;谷氨酰胺的替代效果较佳.     

糙米型饲粮对肉脂型育肥猪的饲养效果

将46头体重近15kg的肉脂型仔猪随机分为2组，分别饲以饲料稻糙米型饲粮与玉米型饲粮，经3个月饲养试验结果表明：糙米型饲粮组猪的生长速度显著高于玉米组，同时每公斤增生的饲料消耗较玉米组降低了9.7%。经屠宰测定和肉质分析结果表明，两组屠宰率和瘦肉率均无显著差异，但以糙米型饲粮组猪肉的系水力较高、口感较好。     

肉桂醛替代肉用仔鸡日粮中抗生素的使用效果

为研究肉桂醛替代肉用仔鸡日粮中抗生素的使用效果,选用1日龄健康青脚麻肉用雏鸡360只,随机分为4组:试验1(对照)、2、3和4组。每组设3个重复,每个重复30只雏鸡。在基础日粮中添加抗生素(1～3周龄:吉他霉素预混剂50mg/kg和盐霉素预混剂75mg/kg;4～8周龄:吉他霉素预混剂10mg/kg)后,饲喂对照组鸡;在基础日粮中分别添加肉桂醛预混剂40、80、120mg/kg后,分别饲喂试验2、3和4组鸡。饲养试验周期56d,观测鸡的健康状况、增重、血清生化指标、肠道菌群和肉质等。结果表明:1)在整个饲养周期,试验3组鸡的平均日增重较对照组提高5.68%;试验3组的料重质量分数(2.14±0.17)最低,但与其他组的差异不显著;2)与对照组比较,试验3、4组鸡血清谷丙转氨酶活性分别降低43.66%、61.97%,试验4组鸡血清谷草转氨酶活性降低9.27%,试验2组鸡血清总蛋白提高14.34%,试验2、4组鸡血清尿素氮都降低24.32%,试验3组鸡血清IgA提高31.03%,试验3、4组鸡血清IgG分别提高61.47%和66.97%,试验2、3、4组鸡血清IgM分别提高169.09%、283.64%和300.00%;3)试验3、4组鸡胸肌失水率分别较对照组降低17.21%和14.10%。本研究证实:肉桂醛能促进肉用仔鸡的生长,改进营养生化代谢,增强鸡体免疫功能,提高鸡肉品质;肉桂醛在肉用仔鸡中的应用效果好于抗生素;肉桂醛预混剂在肉用仔鸡日粮中的适宜添加量为80～120mg/kg。     

菜籽粕替代豆粕对乡鸡育肥期应用效果的研究

试验选用180羽120日龄育肥期乡鸡,研究不同比例菜籽粕替代豆粕对乡鸡生长性能的影响并确定替代豆粕的适宜比例。试验鸡群分为3个处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复15只,分别饲以玉米-豆粕型基础日粮及4%和8%菜籽粕替代部分豆粕的日粮。结果表明,各组间鸡只增重差异不显著,育肥前期饲料转化率高于育肥后期。8%替代组其胸肌率和腹脂率明显低于未替代组和4%替代组。以4%菜籽粕部分替代豆粕对乡鸡育肥效果与基础日粮组相似。因此,以4%菜籽粕部分替代豆粕,不但可以缓解我省冬季冰雪气候条件下饲料原料短缺的现状,而且还可以降低饲料成本,提高畜禽养殖业的经济效益。     

转化猪粪蝇蛆对肉鸡的饲养效果

为建立猪粪—蝇蛆—禽类循环产业链,研究了转化猪粪蝇蛆对肉鸡的饲养效果。试验选取84只7日龄肉鸡,随机分成4组,即对照组、5%蝇蛆粉组、10%蝇蛆粉组、15%蝇蛆粉组,测定转化猪粪蝇蛆对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和鸡肉含水量的影响。结果表明,饲料中添加5%、10%、15%蝇蛆粉对肉鸡平均日增重、料肉比、死亡率、鸡肉含水量均无显著差异。添加5%蝇蛆粉即可达到对照饲料的饲养效果。     

制粒温度对饲喂含植酸酶日粮肉仔鸡生长性能及钙磷利用的影响

选用160只1日龄肉仔鸡随机分为4组，每组设4个重复，以正常磷日粮为对照，研究在低磷日粮中添加植酸酶，分别于不同温度（75℃、80℃、85℃）制粒对肉仔鸡生长性能及钙、磷利用的影响。结果表明：①不同制粒温度条件下，低磷日粮添加植酸酶均可提高肉仔鸡的平均日增重和饲料利用率，75℃组好于其他温度组；②与对照组比较，2、3、4组肉仔鸡磷排出量（g／kg采食日粮）分别降低了33．45％、32．41％和29．66％（P〈O．05）；③除75℃组胫骨长度显著高于对照组外（P〈O．05），各试验组各项胫骨指标与对照组差异均不显著（P〉O．05）；④各组血清磷、血清钙、血清碱性磷酸酶差异不显著（P〉O．05）；⑤与对照组比较，各试验组的总磷、钙、粗蛋白、干物质表观消化率均提高（P〉O．05）。     

不同氨基酸模型及周龄饲喂对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

选用1日龄艾拔益加(AA)公仔鸡192只,随机分为3个处理。每个处理8个重复,每重复为1笼(8只/笼)。试验以玉米、豆粕为主要原料设计13种日粮。各处理组间能量水平一致(12 54MJ/kg)。处理1和处理2分别以NRC模型、BAHA模型为标准确定日粮中氨基酸的需要量,并采用常规饲喂法;处理3为BAHA模型,采用周龄饲喂法(WF)。试验以NRC为对照,评定BAHA及BAHAPF对0～49日龄肉仔鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明:在BAHA组中,生长期(1～3周)日粮的粗蛋白水平降低1 45个百分点、育成期(4～6周)日粮的粗蛋白质水平降低1 39个百分点,对体质量、体增质量、采食量、饲料转化率没有显著影响(p>0 05)。在BAHAPF组中,3周龄肉仔鸡日粮中粗蛋白水平下降2 61个百分点、6周龄粗蛋白水平下降2 41个百分点均对其生产性能没有显著影响(p>0 05)。应用BAHA模型及BAHA模型周龄饲喂(WF),可降低单位增重成本且49日龄肉仔鸡动、静脉血糖含量显著增加(p<0 05)。     

肉鸡高平衡度饲料对比养殖试验报告

采用肉鸡高平衡度饲料技术,选用通用饲料原料,经线性规划,建立起高度吻合肉鸡群体营养动力定型的基础饲料配方及核心预混料配方,并进行肉鸡高平衡度饲料与国内现行的肉鸡饲料对比试验。结果表明,高平衡度饲料组45 d养殖育成率95.76%,均质量2 979.47 g/只,饲料系数1.679,养殖每吨活鸡需要饲料费用为7 137元;对照饲料组45 d养殖育成率95.46%,均质量2 601.93 g/只,饲料系数1.8,养殖每吨活鸡需要饲料费用5 949元;二者的养殖成本比为1∶1.105。     

Performance and Haematological Characteristics of Broiler Finisher FedMoringa oleifera Leaf Meal Diets

To investigate the effects ofMoringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on the performance and haematology of broiler finisher using 120 Cobb chicks of 4 weeks old broiler chicks. The birds were assigned randomly into four dietary treatments containing MOLM at 0, 6%, 8%, and 10% (treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4) inclusion levels, respectively, in a complete randomized design experiment. The effect of the dietary treatments on the growth performance and blood parameters of the broiler finisher was determined. MOLM at a rate of 6% (T2), 8% (T3), and 10% (T4) of the diets (as fed basis) to replace 3.2%, 5.6% and 8.6% of the crude protein (CP) of the control diet. The daily feed, dry matter and CP intake of the chicks fed MOLM diets were higher (p<0.05) than those fed the control diet. Average weight gain (AWG) of birds fed MOLM diets reduced as inclusion levels increases (p<0.05) than those fed the control diet. Chicks fed T2 showed higher (p<0.05) AWG than those on T3 and T4. Feed conversion ratios (FCR, weight gain/g and feed intake) were higher for chicks fed MOLM. MOLM showed minimal deleterious effects in birds. However, birds fed T2 (6%) diets recorded significantly (p<0.05) the highest body weight gain. There were significant differences (p<0.05) among groups in packed cell volume (PVC) of birds. The haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) counts showed no significant difference (p>0.05) among treatments. The results indicated that at 10% in the diets of broiler finisher chick, MOLM could be substituted with expensive conventional protein sources without any deleterious effects on performance and blood parameters of broiler finisher chicken.     

Effects of microbial agents on small intestinal structure and the quantity of cecal microorganisms in broilers

In order to elucidate the significance and related mechanisms of microbial agents in modulating the growth of broilers, one-day-old Avian broilers were employed to investigate the effect of microbial agents on body weight, daily gain and feed efficiency at various stages. The birds in the experimental groups were given salmonella pullorum then fed with antibiotics to counteract it. The results showed that the average broiler weight of the oral microbial agent group at the age of 40 days was significantly increased by 16.58% from 1520 g to 1772 g (P < 0.05). The feed conversion efficiency was decreased from 2.21 to 1.82 (P < 0.01). In the experimental group fed with microbial agents, microscopic observation revealed that the intestinal villi increased in number, length and orderliness. The intestinal wall became thickened. The glands in the intestine were developed, which would be beneficial to nutrient absorption. The effect of oral microbial agents was identical to that due to antibiotics. It was also observed that Lactobacillus dominated the cecal microorganisms in broilers.     

红酒香菇多糖对肉鸡生长性能及抗病力的影响

[目的]探讨红酒香菇多糖对肉鸡生长性能及抗病力的影响。[方法]选用1日龄AA肉鸡180只,Ⅰ组从第7天开始在日粮中添加2%的红酒香菇多糖,Ⅱ组为对照组,2组鸡分别于14、28和49日龄采血测定血液中HI抗体水平并检测红酒香菇多糖对免疫器官和生长发育的影响。[结果]日粮中添加2%的红酒香菇多糖能显著提高肉鸡的生长性能和饲料转化效率。试验组在14、28和49日龄体重分别提高了10.49%、13.66%和8.35%,平均日增重提高了8.49%,料肉比下降了5.29%。日粮中添加2%的红酒香菇多糖能显著促进肉鸡的胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏等免疫器官的发育,增强免疫效果,使机体产生高而强的抗体。[结论]该研究为开发新的功能性饲料添加剂和促进肉鸡产业的发展奠定了基础。     

Effect of Using Garlic on the Economical and Physiological Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

This investigation aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of garlic powder as a phytogenic supplement on broilers chickens' performance. The assumption that garlic could improve some economic and performance characteristics of broiler chickens (i.e., body weight, feed intake, water intake, feed conversion ratio, feeding cost, carcass yield, and mortality rate) was tested. A total of 400 one-day-old chicks of mixed sex (Hybrid) were weighed and randomly assigned to four treatment groups, each with four replicate pens of 25 chicks. The dietary treatments included the basal diet (control), control + 2.5 kg/ton garlic, or control + 5 kg/ton garlic or 7.5 kg/ton garlic as powder. The results of the study revealed that incorporation of garlic powder in broiler diets as feed additive significantly enhanced growth, economic and productive performance of these chickens. Physiological measurements (body weight, weight gains, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight and internal organs) showed better performance of garlic treated chickens compared with control group under same rearing system. The results similarly showed lower susceptibility to diseases and medicament treatment consequently; lower mortality rate compared to control groups. Furthermore, blood and meat analysis showed lower cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL, and, HDL levels compared with control group. The study concluded that garlic could be effectively used in broilers feeding to replace antibiotic as a growth promoter.     

不同能量和粗蛋白水平日粮对石岐杂鸡生产性能、屠宰性能及养分表观代谢率的影响

为研究不同蛋白和能量水平日粮对石岐杂鸡生产性能、屠宰性能及养分表观代谢率的影响,选取21日龄体质量相近、健康的石岐杂鸡120只,随机分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复10只)进行试验饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组能量和蛋白水平分别为12.09MJ/kg和18.07％、13.09MJ/kg和18.01％、...     

肉仔鸡饲喂无鱼粉日粮试验

选用400只零日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为两组,分别饲喂有鱼粉日粮和无鱼粉日粮,每个处理设两个重复,每个重复100只鸡.试验结果表明,两组间在生长速度、成活率、出栏体重、料重比等指标上没有显著差异(P>O.05).无鱼粉日粮组与有鱼粉日粮组相比,前期料和后期料分别降低成本6.9%、4.6%,经济效益提高18.7%.     

添加不同水平的酵素菌制剂对肉仔鸡生产性能和鸡粪理化特性的影响

为探讨酵素菌制剂在肉仔鸡生产上的应用效果及适宜添加量,选择480只1日龄健康的海波罗肉仔鸡,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡,试验期6周,研究H粮中添加0.2%、0.4%和0.6%的酵素菌制剂对其成活率、生产性能、经济效益及粪便理化特性的影响.结果表明,饲料中添加酵素菌制剂可提高肉仔鸡的成活率、增重和饲料转化率,其中添加0.4%酵素菌制剂时,其成活率可提高2.5个百分点,例料转化率比对照组提高9.68%(p<0.05).日粮中添加酵素菌制剂可显著降低鸡粪中总有机酸、挥发酸、挥发性盐基氮含量和含水量(p<0.05),降低了鸡粪中氮的排出量(P>0.05).表明饲粮中添加酵素菌制剂可提高肉仔鸡的生产性能,对提高经济效益效果不明显,而对减少臭气化合物的排放量具有显著的正面效应,其适宜添加量为0.4%.     

山楂提取物对肉鸡生产性能及肠道微生物的影响

旨在研究山楂提取物对AA+肉鸡生产性能和肠道微生物菌群的影响,并探讨了山楂提取物在肉鸡日粮中的适宜添加量.试验选用1日龄健康AA+肉鸡300只,随机分为5个处理组,每组60羽,设6个重复,每重复10羽.采用单因子试验设计,在玉米-豆粕型日粮中分别添加0、10、15、20和25 mg/kg的山楂提取物.试验期6周,分两个阶段进行(0～3和4～6周龄).结果表明:日粮中添加山楂提取物能显著提高AA+肉鸡的平均采食量(P＜0.05)、平均日增体质量(P＜0.05)和肉鸡生长后期饲料转化率,降低回肠、盲肠中大肠杆菌的数量(P＜0.05),并对空肠、回肠、盲肠中乳酸杆菌等有益菌的增殖有促进作用.根据试验结果,肉鸡日粮中添加山楂提取物的适宜添加量为20 mg/kg.     

三种饲料添加剂对霉变饲料饲喂肉鸡的脱毒效果

选用180只8日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡,研究3种饲料添加剂(大豆异黄酮、葡甘露聚糖和膨润土)对饲喂霉变饲料的肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和骨骼的影响。结果表明,与正常饲料组相比,霉变饲料组显著地降低了肉鸡的采食量、日增重,增加了料肉比(P<0.05);但霉变饲料中添加大豆异黄酮,显著地提高了肉鸡采食量、日增重(P<0.05),降低了料肉比(P<0.05),提高了7周末血清中免疫球蛋白IgA和IgG的浓度。霉变饲料中添加葡甘露聚糖和膨润土显著提高肉鸡日增重(P<0.05),对日采食量有提高的趋势(P>0.05)。但膨润土显著降低了胫骨中钙、磷的含量(P<0.05)。由此可见,3种添加剂对霉变饲料均有一定的脱毒作用,大豆异黄酮对霉变饲料的脱毒效果显著优于葡甘露聚糖和膨润土。     

肉仔鸡日粮中氯化胆碱添加量的研究

通过在肉仔鸡的日粮中添加不同水平的氯胆碱来观察肉仔鸡的生长性能，结果表明：无论是公仔鸡还是母仔鸡在其日粮中按每千克添加0．60g的氯化胆碱可显著提高其生长速度和饲料效率，增加产品的合格率。