猪α干扰素基因突变、表达及其高效抗病毒活性筛选研究

利用RT-PCR方法从猪肝细胞总RNA中扩增出编码猪α干扰素基因,根据大肠杆菌偏嗜性及活性位点改造基因并克隆至原核表达载体p ET21a,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)进行蛋白诱导表达和鉴定。重组蛋白以包涵体形式表达,经变-复性及纯化处理后,获得多种不同基因型的高纯度猪α干扰素。用细胞病变抑制法在MDBK/VSV系统上进行抗病毒活性测定,结果表明经过基因改造的猪α干扰素(Po IFN-M6)具有更高抗病毒活性,约为2.97×108U/mg。本研究为猪α干扰素基因工程产品的研发及其在临床兽医的应用奠定基础。     

猪α-干扰素基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及活性测定

根据GenBank中登录号为M28623的基因序列,合成猪α-干扰素成熟肽基因,并将该基因克隆至pQE-31载体,转化宿主菌M15诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳结果表明该蛋白以包涵体形式表达,分子量约21 ku,经包涵体变性复性后获得了具有抗病毒活性的干扰素,用MDBK-VSV系统检测其抗病毒活性不低于1010 U/0.1 mL.     

犬干扰素α2的原核表达及抗病毒活性分析

本研究将人工合成的犬干扰素α2成熟区序列插入原核表达载体p ET-28a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒p ET-28a-Ca IFN-α2;然后将该质粒转化至大肠杆菌Rosetta感受态中进行IPTG诱导表达,经SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析鉴定,分子量约为23 k Da的目的蛋白表达,表达的重组蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的52.5%。包涵体蛋白经变性、复性和纯化处理后,获得的重组Ca IFN-α2纯度为92%;用MDCK/VSV微量细胞病变抑制法检测重组蛋白的抗病毒活性为3.16×106/m L。本研究结果为进一步研制新型犬用干扰素制品奠定了物质基础。     

具抗病毒活性的重组牛IFN-αA的冷激诱导表达与鉴定

为了在E.coli表达系统中高效表达具有抗病毒活性的重组牛α干扰素蛋白(rBoIFN-α),本研究通过PCR扩增牛α干扰素A亚型(BoIFN-αA)基因,并在其上游连接内含肽(SDI)序列,克隆于pColdⅢ中构建内含肽-冷激表达重组质粒pColdⅢ-NusA-SDI-BoIFN-α,16℃低温诱导表达。结果表明,rBoIFN-α实现了高效表达,表达产物主要以可溶形式存在,经Ni柱纯化后得到浓度为0.12 mg/mL的目的蛋白。经MDBK-BVDV干扰素活性检测系统检测显示,表达的rBoIFN-α抗病毒活性为9.86×105U/mg。本研究结果为具有抗病毒活性的rBoIFN-α后续应用研究奠定了基础。     

猪α干扰素在杆状病毒中表达及其对PRRSV的抑制作用

猪α干扰素具有抗病毒作用,临床上具有广阔的应用前景.为获得重组猪α干扰素,本研究应用Bac-to-Bac杆状病毒/昆虫细胞表达系统,将编码成熟猪α干扰素基因插入供体质粒pFastBac~(TM) Ⅰ多克隆位点,置于pH启动子控制下,在C端融合6个组氨酸标签以利于纯化.将重组转移栽体质粒转化DH10感受态细胞获得重组穿梭质粒rBacmid,转染对数生长期的Sf9昆虫细胞获得重组杆状病毒.重组蛋白通过间接免疫荧光、Western-blotting证明在重组杆状病毒感染的昆虫细胞中获得表达.镍亲和层析柱纯化的重组蛋白经SDS-PAGE电泳相对分子质量为19 000.通过在猪肾细胞(PK-15)上抑制猪水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)致病变作用检测其抗病毒活性为9.67×10~4 U/mL.昆虫培养上清及细胞裂解液经2~8稀释在Mare-145细胞上能够抑制猪蓝耳病病毒增殖.从而为进一步作为抗病毒药物应用于猪疫病的防治研究奠定了基础.     

鸡α干扰素的原核表达及纯化

根据大肠杆菌密码子的偏好性对Gen Bank中发表的鸡α干扰素基因序列进行了密码子优化,全基因合成了鸡α干扰素基因片段486 bp。构建原核表达质粒p ET-23b-Ch IFN-α。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG进行诱导表达,表达产物主要以包涵体形式存在,包涵体进行变性、复性和镍柱亲和纯化。表达产物经SDS-PAGE、WesternBlot分析表明,Ch IFN-α蛋白得到了高效表达,其蛋白分子质量约19 k D,经镍柱亲和纯化后获得了高纯度的重组鸡α干扰素蛋白,其含量为0.82 mg/m L。本研究为鸡α干扰素的生物学活性分析和临床产品研发奠定了基础。     

重组犬α2干扰素的原核表达及其抗病毒活性评价

试验旨在构建犬α2干扰素(CaIFN-α2)大肠杆菌表达系统,并进行优化和筛选,评价其表达的重组犬α2干扰素的抗病毒活性。根据GenBank中CaIFN-α2的基因序列,按大肠杆菌密码子偏好性对CaIFN-α2全基因序列进行优化与合成,连接至pET-32a表达载体中,构建pET-32a-CaIFN-α2重组表达质粒。设计1对含NdeⅠ/BamHⅠ酶切位点的特异性引物,克隆CaIFN-α2成熟肽基因,连接至pET-21a表达载体中,构建pET-21a-CaIFN-α2重组表达质粒。将两种重组表达质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞中,经IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE结果显示,表达产物均以包涵体形式存在。表达菌经超声破碎、变性、复性和分子筛层析后,得到纯化的CaIFN-α2蛋白,纯度约为90%。采用细胞病变抑制法在MDCK-VSV系统中测定其抗病毒活性,结果显示,纯化后pET-32a-CaIFN-α2蛋白的抗病毒活性为1.5×103IU/mL,而纯化后pET-21a-CaIFN-α2蛋白的抗病毒活性高达1.0×107IU/mL。本试验结果表明CaIFN-α2在pET-32a及pET-21a载体系统中均能成功表达,且具有抗病毒活性,但在pET-21a载体系统中表达产物的活性更高,试验结果为进一步开发和利用犬干扰素制剂奠定了基础。     

牛IFN-α基因高效表达及纯化的研究

基于对RNA二级结构的预测和密码子偏性计算,通过计算机辅助软件进行牛IFN-α基因优化,经人工合成优化后的基因与pWL表达载体连接后诱导表达,并对表达条件进行优化。SDS-PAGE分析表明,其产物分子量约为17ku,最优表达条件下蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白的33％,表达产物以包涵体形式存在。经过包涵体溶解、初步复性后利用CM Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换层析柱作为蛋白质复性系统,采用梯度法进行牛α-干扰素包涵体蛋白质的纯化复性。结果表明,梯度离子交换层析法能有效地复性牛α-干扰素包涵体,复性后的重组牛α-干扰素的纯度达95％,通过离子交换层析柱纯化和复性后,重组牛α-干扰素在MDBK/VSV细胞系上的抗病毒活性为5．56×10^6 u／mg。     

鸡α干扰素基因的原核表达及其活性测定

应用RT-PCR技术,从被刺激诱导的鸡脾脏淋巴细胞中扩增鸡α-干扰素(ChIFN-α)基因cDNA,经克隆和测序后,构建原核表达重组质粒pGEX-proChIFN-α(全长序列)和pET-ChIFN-α(不含信号肽序列),并分别转化相应的表达菌.重组菌经IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE结果表明,ChIFN-α基因均获得表达,重组蛋白大小分别为45 ku、26ku左右,表达的蛋白以包涵体形式存在.表达产物经变性、提纯、复性,重组蛋白的含量约为1 mg/mL.复性后的ChIFN-α能够在鸡胚成纤维细胞上抑制H5N1禽流感病毒的复制;用水泡性口炎病毒检测结果表明,重组ChIFN-α具有较高的抗病毒作用,其生物学活性达到2×106 u/mg.     

重组鸡α-干扰素的表达及其生物活性的初步研究

为获得重组鸡α-干扰素并对其进行生物活性研究,本试验对重组大肠杆菌进行诱导表达,收集重组鸡α-干扰素包涵体后进行复性纯化及免疫印迹试验,并通过测定病毒EID₅₀,在接种H9亚型禽流感病毒、新城疫病毒和传染性支气管炎病毒的鸡胚中进行干扰素抗病毒活性试验,运用微变量细胞病变抑制法进行重组鸡α-干扰素抗病毒效价的测定。结果显示复性后重组鸡α-干扰素的免疫印迹试验成功获得了预期条带,在鸡胚中重组鸡α-干扰素具有显著的抗H9亚型禽流感病毒、新城疫病毒和传染性支气管炎病毒等活性作用。在CEF/VSV细胞系上测定重组鸡α-干扰素的抗病毒效价为1.5×2¹⁰ U/mg左右,高浓度重组鸡α-干扰素具有一定的细胞毒性。结果表明重组鸡α-干扰素蛋白具有免疫原性和抗原性,在鸡胚内具有较好的抑制或杀灭H9亚型禽流感病毒、新城疫病毒和传染性支气管炎病毒的效果,呈广谱性,抗病毒效价较高,为下一步抗病毒制品的创制奠定基础。     

Constitutive expression of interferons in swine leukocytes

Interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-γ positive cells were revealed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) pigs. A low prevalence of IFN-γ positive cells was also detected in PBMC of some Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus-infected pigs and uninfected, control pigs. IFN-α positive cells showed phenotypes of both monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The presence of IFN-α in PBMC was also confirmed by Western blotting. By immunoprecipitation, IFN-α was detected as 32 and 55-57 kDa bands in PBMC of healthy SPF piglets. These samples were also IFN-γ positive; the cytokine was revealed as 24, 37 and 54 kDa bands. The unusual molecular mass values of intracellular interferons were probably due to oligomerization, as previously described for human IFN-α. Swine intracellular IFN-α displayed the expected antiviral activity on bovine MDBK cells. The results indicate that interferons are constitutively expressed in swine leukocytes with peculiar molecular features.     

山羊IFN-γ免疫血清制备及抗体ELISA检测方法的建立

为制备山羊干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)免疫血清并建立山羊IFN-γ抗体ELISA检测方法 ,以原核表达的山羊γIFN重组蛋白(rIFN-γ)为材料,免疫小鼠制备免疫血清;通过对测定不同的抗原包被浓度及包被时间,酶标抗体稀释度,免疫血清的孵育时间等条件的优化建立检测抗体效价的ELISA检测方法,并采用建立的方法测定免疫血清的抗体效价。结果显示,rIFN-γ抗原包被浓度为10μg/mL,4℃包被12h;酶标抗体稀释度为1∶5 000;免疫血清孵育时间为60min,可以得到最佳ELISA的检测结果。重复试验显示该方法变异系数(CV)在1.5%~5%之间。采用建立的方法测得免疫小鼠免疫血清效价为107。该ELISA检测方法灵敏高,稳定性好,为山羊IFN-γ抗体检测提供了技术支持。     

Cytokine induction by immunostimulatory DNA in porcine PBMC is impaired by a hairpin forming sequence motif from the genome of Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2)

Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) can cause postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in young pigs with severe immunosuppression as a major characteristic of the disease complex. Despite the dramatic involvement of the immune system, the interaction between PCV2 and the host is until date not well understood. The DNA genome of PCV2 contains sequences that in synthetic form (oligodeoxyribonucleotides; ODNs) can act immunomodulatory on porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (poPBMCs) in vitro. One such sequence (ODN PCV2/1) acts inhibitory on interferon (IFN)-α production induced by immunostimulatory DNA but not that induced by RNA, and the inhibitory activity is dependent on secondary structure formation. In the present study, the characteristic of ODN PCV2/1 was examined further by altering the nucleotide sequence to disrupt hairpin structure formation but still enable multimer structures through G-tetrads. This modification resulted in loss of IFN-α-inhibitory activity of the ODN and thus indicated the importance of hairpin structures. In addition, ODN PCV2/1 was compared to another inhibitory ODN (IRS 869) previously used in human and murine cells. In contrast to ODN PCV2/1, ODN IRS 869 did not inhibit IFN-α production induced by class A ODN 2216 but was a more efficient inhibitor of IFN-α production induced by plasmid DNA than ODN PCV2/1. In cultures induced by the RNA stimulator Poly I:C, however, a strong synergistic IFN-α stimulatory effect was seen in combination with ODN IRS 869. These results indicate that ODN PCV2/1 and ODN IRS 869 function through separate mechanisms to affect cytokine production by immune cells. The effect of ODN PCV2/1 was studied further by monitoring the expression of mRNA for IFN-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TGF-β, and TNF-α in cultures of poPBMC stimulated with ODN 2216 or Poly I:C. Results from qPCR analyses showed that ODN PCV2/1 clearly inhibited the expression of IFN-α, IL-12p40, IL-10 and IL-6 when induced by ODN 2216, but did not seem to affect any of the cytokines examined when induced by Poly I:C. Initial studies using confocal microscopy and fluorochrome labelled ODNs indicate that ODN 2216 and ODN PCV2/1 co-localize in subpopulations of poPBMC.     

狮头鹅α-干扰素基因的克隆与遗传分析

从狮头鹅外周血细胞中提取基因组DNA,采用巢式PCR方法扩增α-干扰素基因片段（d-Go-IFN-α）;同时从新城疫病毒（NDV）刺激培养外周血淋巴细胞提取总RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩增α-干扰素基因片段（m-Go-IFN-α）,将上述扩增片段分别克隆到pGEM-T载体并进行序列测定。结果表明,α-干扰素基因全长均为576 bp,编码192个氨基酸,比较d-Go-IFN-α和m-Go-IFN-α的核苷酸序列,可见155位核苷酸由A突变为G,相应地52位氨基酸由M突变为R,提示狮头鹅α-干扰素基因存在单链核苷酸多态性;狮头鹅与其它家禽品种α-干扰素基因的核苷酸序列同源性介于41.2%~98.3%之间,其推导的氨基酸序列同源性为13.0％～96.4％,不同鹅品种的α-干扰素具有极为相似的二级结构。     

IFN-α对山羊副流感病毒3型的抗病毒活性

旨在探讨原核表达纯化的山羊α干扰素(IFN-α)对山羊副流感病毒3型(CPIV3)的抗病毒活性。通过分析山羊IFN-α的序列特点,比对不同种属IFN-α的同源性,进而构建山羊IFN-α成熟蛋白编码基因(去除信号肽基因序列)的原核表达载体pET-30a-gIFN-α,将其转化至感受态细胞Rosetta (DE3),IPTG诱导后镍柱及亲和纯化获得山羊IFN-α。利用RT-qPCR测定山羊IFN-α作用于牛肾细胞(Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell, MDBK cell)后6种干扰素刺激基因(interferon-stimulated genes, ISGs)的相对表达水平;同时,利用TCID₅₀及Western blot测定其对CPIV3的抗病毒活性。结果表明,原核表达的山羊IFN-α蛋白含量为0.20 mg·mL^-1,Western blot结果表明表达产物相对分子质量约为20 ku,与预期结果相符。RT-qPCR结果显示,山羊IFN-α孵育MDBK细胞后,可显著刺激RSAD2、STAT1及ISG15等6种ISGs基...     

Yak interferon-alpha loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for controlled release

To explore the potential of a novel animal interferon formulation for controlled release, the yak interferon-alpha (IFN-α) glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the purified recombinant IFN-α was encapsulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by double emulsion solvent evaporation (w/o/w) method. The particle size and zeta potential of IFN-α-loaded SLN were 124.2 ± 10.2 nm and −11.2 ± 0.6 mV. The encapsulation efficiency of IFN-α and loading capacity of the SLN were 83.7 ± 4.5% and 1.73 ± 0.15%, respectively. In vitro release study and antiviral assay demonstrated that the IFN-α released from the SLN in a 16-day period exhibited antiviral activity in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and showed a release pattern of an initial burst release followed by a sustained and slow release. Cytotoxicity assay in cell culture demonstrated that the SLN were not toxic. The results of this exploratory study suggest that the IFN-α-loaded SLN could be a useful formulation for controlled release in veterinary therapeutics.     

Proinflammatory cytokine expression in the lung of pigs with porcine circovirus type 2-associated respiratory disease

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) causes a significant health problem for the swine industry worldwide. In this study, we investigated the cytokine expression profiles (IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-8, and IL-10) in the lungs of pigs with PCV2-associated respiratory disease. The mRNA expressions of IL-1α and IL-8 were significantly up-regulated in pigs with PCV2-associated respiratory disease, while IL-10 expression was not detected. These results suggest that the increased expressions of proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs may play an important role in the immunopathologic response in pigs with PCV2-associated respiratory disease.     

猪圆环病毒2型感染猪皮肤源树突状细胞炎性反应能力的变化

用PCV2 B1株经鼻腔接种40日龄SPF仔猪,于接种后3、7、14 d宰杀,收集皮肤源树突状细胞(DC).利用实时荧光定量PCR技术对感染仔猪皮肤源DC的IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-α、IL-8、趋化因子受体1(CCR1)、CCR5在mRNA转录水平的变化进行定量分析.结果表明,IFN-α在接种后3 d(3DPI)显著下调(P＜0.05),TNF-α、IL-10在7DPI时显著上调(P＜0.05);趋化因子IL-8在3、7、14 DPI时均下调,差异接近显著;MCP-1在感染后3、14DPI下调,7DPI均上调,但不显著;MIP-1β在3、7DPI明显上调,14DPI恢复正常;趋化因子受体CCR1、CCR5在3、7和14DPI均上调,且7DPI显著上调(P＜0.05).以上结果表明PCV2在感染早期可抑制DC炎性反应的能力,免疫应答失调,影响了动物机体的细胞和体液免疫功能的发挥.