日粮中添加酶制剂对断奶仔猪生产性能及消化率的影响

以60头35日龄长白断奶仔猪为试验动物，在玉米／豆粕基础日粮中添加0．05％，0．10％，0．15％的酶制剂。结果表明，0．10％酶制剂添加水平对断奶仔猪生产性能和日粮养分的消化率及添加剂的经济效益达到最大值。     

2种复合酶制剂对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

试验旨在研究不同酶制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能及腹泻率的影响.试验分为3组,每组4个重复,每重复10头断奶仔猪.空白组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮(不加酶制剂),试验1组在基础日粮中添加500 g/t乳猪专用复合酶制剂A,试验2组在基础日粮中添加1 000 g/t乳猪用酶制剂B.试验结果表明:断奶仔猪日均增质量,试验1组与2组无显著差异,但试验1组与2组均显著高于空白组,分别高出17.37％和13.16％；料重比,空白组与试验2组无显著差异,试验1组与2组无显著差异,试验1组比空白组低12.10％,差异显著；腹泻率,试验1组与2组无显著差异,试验1组与2组显著低于空白组,分别低76.0％和64％.表明乳猪用酶制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能均有正面效果,但不同酶制剂的效果有差异.     

饲用酶制剂对断奶仔靖生产性能的影响

为验证酶制剂在规模花杀猪中的实际效果,选用60头46日龄的长大二元杂交断奶仔猪随机分为两组,试验组在对照组日粮的基础上添加复合饲用酶制剂0．1％,以观察该酶制剂在断乳仔猪玉米豆粕型日粮中的饲养效果。试验结果表明：试验组的日增重比对照组提高8．84％;饲料转化率提高9．95％。     

两种复合酶制剂对断奶仔猪生产性能及经济效益的影响

为了验证常规日粮中添加复合酶制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、饲料转化率、腹泻率和经济效益的影响,试验将36头25日龄断奶的杜×长大仔猪随机分为3组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,酶制剂1,2组分别在基础日粮中添加0.02%、0.03%酶制剂,进行30 d试验。结果表明:复合酶制剂1,2组断奶仔猪日增重显著提高(P0.05),料重比显著降低(P0.05);复合酶制剂1,2组断奶仔猪腹泻率显著降低(P0.05);酶制剂1,2组生产成本均显著降低(P0.05)。说明日粮中添加2种复合酶制剂均可明显改善早期断奶仔猪生产性能,提高经济效益,复合酶制剂2组效果最佳。     

断奶仔猪日粮中添加复合酶制剂的效果研究

本试验主要研究不同水平的复合酶制剂(0%,0.1%,0.5%,1.0%)对断奶仔猪消化机能的影响。结果表明,饲料中添加0.10%酶制剂对断奶仔猪生产性能作用明显,可提高断奶仔猪日增重,降低料肉比,复合酶制剂提高了营养物质消化率,其中干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪均达显著水平(P<0.05);且随酶制剂水平的增加,腹泻频率表现出不同程度的降低,成活率提高。日粮中添加酶制剂可显著影响尿氮含量(P<0.05),且当日粮中添加酶制剂的比例为0.10%时,尿氮的含量最低,为20.48g/d。     

断奶仔猪日粮中添加复合酶制剂的效果研究

本试验主要研究不同水平的复合酶制剂(0%,0.1%,0.5%,1.0%)对断奶仔猪消化机能的影响.结果表明,饲料中添加0.10%酶制剂对断奶仔猪生产性能作用明显,可提高断奶仔猪日增重,降低料肉比,复合酶制剂提高了营养物质消化率,其中干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪均达显著水平(P<0.05);且随酶制剂水平的增加,腹泻频率表现出不同程度的降低,成活率提高.日粮中添加酶制剂可显著影响尿氮含量(P<0.05),且当日粮中添加酶制剂的比例为0.10%时,尿氮的含量最低,为20.48 g/d.     

饲用酶制剂在早期断奶仔猪日粮中的应用

本文综述了饲用酶制剂在早期断奶仔猪日粮中的应用效果、作用机制及影响应用效果的因素,提出了使酶制剂获得理想效果的技术措施。在断奶仔猪日粮中添加复合酶制剂,可提高仔猪增重、减少腹泻。酶制剂通过提高肠道消化酶活性和小肠绒毛高度,增强消化机能,提高仔猪日粮养分消化率;通过促进乳酸杆菌繁殖,抑制大肠杆菌生长,维持肠道菌群平衡,减少仔猪腹泻;通过提高激素分泌,增强合成代谢,促进仔猪生长。日粮中的高铜、高锌及加工过程中的高温是抑制或破坏酶活、影响酶制剂效果的重要因素。在早期断奶仔猪日粮中应用酶制剂,应根据饲料加工过程中的温度。选择酶制剂的适宜剂型和添加工艺;应避免在日粮中添加高铜、高锌或高铜和高锌联合使用,日粮中铜的添加量以15～30mg/kg为宜,锌的用量应不超过100mg/kg,最好使用有机铜和有机锌,其用量可在原来的基础上下降10%～15%。     

饲用酶制剂对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

添加饲用酶制剂不仅能有效消除饲料中抗营养因子和某些毒素的有害作用．而且能够全面促进饲粮养分的分解消化和吸收利用,从而大幅提高常规饲料的利用率,促进动物生长。为验证酶制剂在规模化养猪中的实际效果,本试验选用60头45日龄的长×大二元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为两组．试验组在对照组日粮的基础上添加复合饲用酶制剂0．1％,以观察该酶制剂在断乳仔猪玉米豆粕型日粮中的饲养效果。试验结果表明：试验组日增重比对照组提高8．84％,饲料转化率提高9．95％。     

海滨锦葵块根粉和酶制剂对断奶仔猪生长和免疫的影响

以断奶仔猪为试验对象,探讨海滨锦葵块根粉和酶制剂对断奶仔猪生长和免疫的影响。64头28日龄断奶仔猪随机分为4组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂基础日粮添加0．02％复合酶制剂、0．50％和1．00％海滨锦葵块根粉。试验期28d。结果表明,酶制荆和海滨锦葵块根粉对断奶仔猪的日采食量和日增重有提高趋势,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）;与对照组相比,酶制剂和海滨锦葵块根粉对断奶仔猪血清中溶菌酶活性无显著影响（P〉0．05）;有降低血清中TNF-Ⅱ含量的趋势,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）;与对照组相比,酶制剂可以显著降低IL-6含量（P〈0．05）,海滨锦葵块根粉也降低了IL6含量,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）;与对照组相比,酶制剂组、0．50％和1．00％的海滨锦葵块根粉组的猪瘟疫苗抗体效价分别提高了15．27％（P〉0．05）、18．18％（P〉0．05）和5I．64％（P〈0．05）。结果提示,酶制剂与海滨锦葵块根粉对断奶仔猪生长性能有提高趋势,同时也可以提高断奶仔猪的机体免疫力。     

添加锔用酶制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

饲用酶制剂能提高断奶仔猪的生长,试验通过在降低３％和５％营养水平的玉米－豆粕型日粮中添加“英恒”饲用酶制剂０．１％和０．０８％，探讨其对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响，试验表明：降低３％营养水平＋０．０８％酶制组的平均日增重比对照组提高２．４７％（Ｐ＞０．０５），料肉比降低６．９９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；降低５％营养水平＋０．０８％酶制剂组的平均日增重比对照组提高１．５１％，料肉比降低４．４９％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；降低５％和３％营养水平添加０．１％酶制剂对断奶仔猪的增重无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５），但均能显著降低料肉比（Ｐ＜０．０５）。加酶各组的经济效益都有所提高，降低３％营养水平＋０．０８％的酶制剂和降低３％营养水平＋０．１％的酶制剂对照组相比经济效益都提高了８．２６％。／     

日粮中添加复合酶制剂对断乳仔猪生长性能的影响

选取54头7～8 kg健康的"杜长大"断乳仔猪作为试验动物,根据体重相近、公母各半、随机分配的原则分为对照组和试验组,每组设3重复,每个重复9头,探讨添加复合酶制剂对仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响。试验组日粮中添加0.5 g/kg泛亚太复合酶制剂后,仔猪的日增重提高,料重比降低,但差异不显著(P>0.05);并可降低仔猪腹泻率和饲料成本。结果表明,在仔猪日粮中添加0.5 g/kg泛亚太复合酶制剂可提高仔猪的生长性能,提高经济效益。     

Rearing conditions affected responses of weaned pigs to organic acids showing a positive effect on digestibility,microflora and immunity

Three experiments were conducted to assess the response of weaned pigs to organic acid SF3, which contains 34% calcium formate, 16% calcium lactate, 7% citric acid and 13% medium chain fatty acids. Dietary treatments had no effect on growth performance of piglets (21‐day weaning) fed the commercial prestart diet for 1 week before receiving the experimental diets supplemented with SF3 at 0, 3 or 5 g/kg diet (Exp. 1), whereas diarrhea frequency averaged across a week was decreased by SF3 supplementation (5 g/kg diet) in piglets fed the experimental diets immediately after weaning (Exp. 2). In Exp. 3, piglets (28‐day weaning) were fed the control (containing pure colistin sulfate and enramycin, respectively, at 20 mg/kg diet) for 1 week and then were fed the control or SF3‐supplemented (5 g/kg diet) diet for 2 weeks. The SF3‐fed piglets had greater apparent ileal digestibility of calcium and dry matter, while also demonstrating greater overall gross energy, up‐regulated jejunal expression of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐1 and transforming growth factor‐β, down‐regulated jejunal expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, higher ileal Lactobacillus, with lower total bacteria content, lower plasma TNF‐α but higher IgG levels than the control‐fed piglets. Collectively, SF3 consumption improved diarrhea resistance of weaned pigs by improving nutrient digestibility, piglet immunity and intestinal bacteria profile. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science     

Effects of dietary lysozyme levels on growth performance,intestinal morphology,non‐specific immunity and mRNA expression in weanling piglets

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of dietary lysozyme levels on growth performance, gut health and non‐specific immunity of weanling piglets. A total of 150 weanling piglets were allocated to six treatments. The piglets were fed the same basel diet supplemented with 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg/kg lysozyme as well as antibiotics for 28 days. From day 14 to day 28 of dietary treatment, piglets fed 90 mg/kg lysozyme had greater average daily gain than piglets fed control diet. During the whole experimental period, piglets fed 120 mg/kg lysozyme tended to have greater average daily gain than piglets fed control diet. Compared with piglets fed control diet, piglets fed diets containing antibiotics and 90 mg/kg lysozyme had greater villus height to crypt depth ratio in duodenum and jejunum. Additionally, dietary supplementation of 60 and 90 mg/kg lysozyme as well as antibiotics enhanced the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages in piglets. In conclusion, dietary lysozyme can accelerate the growth of weanling piglets by improving gut health and non‐specific immunity and supplementing 90 mg/kg lysozyme is as effective as antibiotics (20 mg/kg colistin sulphate + 50 mg/kg kitasamycin) in improving the growth performance of weanling piglets.     

酸美酵素对仔猪生产性能影响试验

试验选择28日龄杜长大三元杂交仔猪200头,随机分为2组,每组10个重复,每个重复10头猪,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中每吨配合饲料添加高酸型酸美酵素10 kg,试验期为43 d。结果表明,试验组仔猪日增重比对照组提高0.057 kg/（头·d）,差异显著（P<0.05）,料重比降低20%,腹泻率降低13%,差异显著（P<0.05）。试验表明,酸美酵素具有提高仔猪生产性能的作用。     

The performance of weaned piglets after a five week weaning period in relation to the weaning weight, the feed composition and the use of an effective ergotropic

In a three-factorial experiment with 216 piglets of the same age (33 +/- 4 days) but a different weight (weaning weight from 5.5 to 9 kg) a conventional piglet rearing feed containing 20% crude protein (standard), a high-energy diet and a low-protein diet (16% crude protein) were tested. In three weaning weight classes the three diets were fed without or with Bisergon [2-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carbamoyl-3-methylquinoxaline-1.4-dioxide] over a period of 21 days. From the 22nd to the 71st day after weaning all the piglets received the standard diet without ergotropic. Among the factors studied the Bisergon supplement had the biggest effect. The additional weight gain varied from 9% in case of heavy piglets fed the high energy diet to 150% in case of light piglets fed the low protein diet. The ergotropic improved feed conversion by 22% and lowered the frequency of gastrointestinal diseases requiring treatment by 28%. At the end of the rearing period the weight of the piglets initially fed with Bisergon (means = 34.6 kg) was significantly higher than that of the control animals (means = 31.6 kg). The weaning weight and the diets influenced the final weight especially in the groups without ergotropic. In this case the piglets fed with the high-energy diet gained 30% more and those fed with the low-protein diet 40% less compared with the standard group. The average live weight gain of the light piglets (weaning weight 6.1 kg) was 30% lower than that of the heavier piglets (weaning weight 8.5 kg). The frequency of treatment against diarrhoea of the heavy piglets was by one third lower than that of the light animals. The piglets fed with the low-protein diet appeared to show a limitation of gastrointestinal diseases, but these animals also had the lowest feed intake. Independent of the Bisergon supplementation the weaning weight clearly influenced the live weight after the 10-week experiment. The initially better development of the animals started with the high-energy diet was compensated. In contrast to this, the piglets weighing 6.1 and 7.2 kg fed with the low-protein diet could not compensate the retarded development in comparison with the piglets fed with the standard or the high-energy diet. This experiment confirms the enormous improvement of the performance and of the health status of weaned piglets caused by the ergotropic Bisergon.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Effects of essential oils from fennel (Foeniculi aetheroleum) and caraway (Carvi aetheroleum) in pigs

The ban of antibiotics as a feed additive requires alternatives to stabilize the health and performance particularly of the young animals. Essential oils obtained from fennel seed (Foeniculi aetheroleum) and caraway seed (Carvi aetheroleum) were tested in diets for weaned piglets in comparison with either a diet without feed additive or with a combination of formic acid and copper (positive control). Four groups of sixteen piglets (live weight 7 kg, age 26 days) received diets without (1) or with supplements of 7.5 g formic acid + 160 mg Cu/kg (2), 100 mg fennel oil/kg (3) or 100 mg caraway oil/kg (4) during 3 weeks after weaning. In the subsequent 4 weeks, all piglets were fed a diet without these additions. Fennel oil contained almost 2/3 anethol, approximately 1/5 fenchon and the remaining part consisting of alpha + beta-pinen, limonen (p-mentha-1,8-dien) and estragol. In the caraway oil, half of the contents was represented by limonen and the other half by carvon. There were no piglet losses and only few cases of diarrhoea. The combination of formic acid and copper increased feed consumption by 27% and daily weight gain by 25%. There were no differences in the performance between the group fed fennel oil and the control without additives. Piglets fed caraway oil tended to consume less feed and to gain approximately 10% less. In feed choice experiments, pigs consumed the same two diets from two troughs with 50% of total feed amount, as expected. The diets containing fennel or caraway oils were consumed at less than 50%. If the diet contained 100 mg fennel oil/kg, the decrease of percentual feed intake was significant. The results of the feeding experiment and of the feed choice experiment question the classification of fennel and caraway oils as flavour additives or as 'appetite promoters' in diets for weaned piglets.     

Free versus microencapsulated organic acids in medicated or not medicated diet for piglets

Aim of the study was to investigate the growth performance of weaned piglets fed either a medicated or not medicated diet supplemented with either a blend of formic and lactic (64/36) acids (FL, 11 kg/ton) or a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and flavors (T) (1 kg/ton, Tetracid®S, EU patent 1391155B1,Vetagro srl, Italy). 480 three-week old SCAAPAG × Goland piglets were fed four diets (4 pens of 30 piglets per diet): FL or T with or without the medication (M) comprising colistin 180 ppm + amoxicillin 600 ppm for the 1st phase and chlortetracycline 1000 ppm + sulphadiazine 1250 ppm + trimetoprim 250 ppm for the 2nd phase. The piglets received a two-phase diet (I:18% CP, 1.3% Lys, 7.5% CF and 2600 kcal/kg NE; II:18% CP, 1.2% Lys, 5.6% CF and 2400 kcal/kg NE). All data were analysed by ANOVA. After 49 days, animals fed the medicated diets had higher feed intake (+ 24.5% for group FL + M vs FL − M and + 22.3% for group T + M vs T − M; P < 0.01) and lower mortality (overall 1.2% for the medicated diets fed animals vs 9.2% for the non-medicated ones). Final weights were: 26.8 ± 1.0 kg, 25.7 ± 0.8 kg for FL + M, T + M, 20.9 ± 0.7 kg, 21.6 ± 0.8 kg for FL − M and T − M, respectively (P < 0.05). The medication resulted in maintaining animals in good health status. The microencapsulation technique allowed to lower the acids dose to be included in the feed by ten fold at least maintaining the same effects that a high dose can give without medication.     

益生菌制剂对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究益生菌制剂对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和免疫指标的影响.选用48头平均体重为(6.39±0.42)kg的(21±2)日龄“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,按性别、体重和窝源基本一致的原则随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪.试验1组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,试验2组为益生菌组,每kg基础饲粮中添加1×109 CFU活菌.试验期为21 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,添加益生菌制剂可显著提高断奶仔猪平均日增重(P＜0.05),并显著降低料重比和腹泻率(P＜0.05);2)与对照组相比,添加益生菌制剂可以显著提高仔猪断奶后第7天血清白介素-1β水平,显著提高断奶后第21天血清免疫球蛋白G含量、白介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平及回肠黏膜分泌性免疫球蛋白A含量(P＜0.05),空肠分泌性免疫球蛋白A含量稍高于对照组,但差异不显著(P＞0.05),粪便免疫球蛋白A含量及外周血T淋巴细胞CD3+、CD4+、CD8+及CD4+/CD8+无显著差异(P＞0.05).由结果可知,益生菌制剂可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,增强早期断奶仔猪的免疫力,有效缓解早期断奶应激引起的仔猪免疫功能下降.     

Dietary rice improves growth performance,mucosal enzyme activities and plasma urea nitrogen in weaning piglets

In this study, we evaluated the nutritional functions of rice for weaning piglets. Sixteen weaning piglets with an average initial weight of 7.2 kg were divided into two groups. One group was fed a corn‐soybean meal based diet, and the other was fed a rice‐soybean meal based diet, containing 50% corn and rice, respectively. A 2 weeks growth trial was conducted and growth performance, intestinal mucosal enzyme activities and plasma urea nitrogen were measured. The average daily gain in rice‐fed piglets was significantly higher than that in corn‐fed piglets and the average daily feed intake tended to be higher in rice‐fed piglets than in corn‐fed piglets. Maltase and aminopeptidase activities (mol/g tissue) in the jejunum in rice‐fed piglets were significantly higher than those in corn‐fed piglets, although these enzyme activities were not different in the duodenum. Sucrase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV activities in the two groups were not different in either the duodenum or jejunum. Although the feed (nitrogen) intake was higher in rice‐fed piglets, the plasma urea nitrogen in rice‐fed piglets was significantly lower (P = 0.006) than that in corn‐fed piglets. These results indicate that rice is a good alternative feedstuff for the diet of weaning piglets.     

壳聚糖铁对仔猪生长性能及免疫功能的影响

选24头体重相近、日龄相同的健康仔猪随机分为6组:1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;2组为壳聚糖组,在基础日粮中添加壳聚糖300 mg/kg;3组为硫酸亚铁组,以硫酸亚铁的形式在基础日粮中添加铁100 mg/kg;4~6组为壳聚糖铁组,以壳聚糖铁的形式分别在基础日粮中添加铁70 mg/kg、100 mg/kg和130 mg/kg,研究壳聚糖铁对仔猪生产性能及免疫功能的影响。结果显示:3~6组仔猪平均日增重显著高于第1组、第2组(P<0.05);第6组仔猪料重比显著低于第1组(P<0.05)。试验至15 d,第5、第6组仔猪外周淋巴细胞转化率显著高于第1~4组(P<0.05或P<0.01);第4组、第5组仔猪血清球蛋白含量显著高于第1组和第3组(P<0.05)。试验至30 d,第6组仔猪外周淋巴细胞转化率显著高于第1、第2组(P<0.05或P<0.01);第3~5组显著高于第1组(P<0.05)。试验至45 d和60 d,第5组、第6组仔猪外周淋巴细胞转化率显著高于第1~3组(P<0.05)。试验至45 d,第5组和第6组仔猪血清球蛋白含量显著高于第1组和第2组(P<0.05)。试验至60 d,第4~6组仔猪血清球蛋白含量显著高于第1组和第3组(P<0.05)。试验表明,壳聚糖铁能显著提高仔猪的生产性能,与硫酸亚铁基本一致;壳聚糖铁能增强仔猪免疫功能,效果要显著优于硫酸亚铁。