饲用添加剂“乐维”对母猪繁殖性能的影响

在现代生产条件下,随着猪生产水平的不断提高,母猪对微量元素的需要量也不断增加。许多研究显示,无机微量元素的吸收和利用已无法满足高产母猪对微量元素的需求,而有机微量元素不仅具有较高的利用率,同时在代谢和生理方面还有更大的优势,可使母猪生产性能进一步发挥。     

有机微量元素在猪营养中的应用研究进展

近年来,有机微量元素的运用得到了人们的广泛关注,有机微量元素不仅有较高的生物学利用率和生物活性,而且可以提高畜禽生长速度、改善免疫能力、提高胴体品质,具有适口性好、高效、无残留、绿色环保等特点。对有机微量元素的研究运用方兴未艾,本文就有机微量元素在猪营养中的研究进展作一概述。     

有机微量元素替代无机微量元素在猪与鸡粪便减排中的研究进展

有机微量元素具有稳定性好、生物效价高、易消化吸收、毒性低、抗干扰性强的特点,可减少家畜生产中造成的环境污染。本文就有机微量元素替代无机微量元素在猪与鸡粪便减排中的应用综述了国内外学者的最新研究进展。     

应用有机微量元素减少养殖业对环境的污染

养殖业中使用的铜、锌等元素随粪便大量排出很容易导致当地严重的环境污染,对土壤生态、植物、水生生态造成严重的破坏。使用有机微量元素可以提高铜、锌等元素吸收利用效率,因此受到人们的广泛关注。但是,并非所有的有机微量元素利用率都比无机微量元素高,只有真正螯合且适度螯合的有机微量元素利用率方会比较理想。大量动物试验资料证实,美国刨实营养国际公司生产的奥普明系列微量元素可以显著提升动物免疫功能,并可以显著提高动物生产性能。在矿产储备相对缺乏的中国,有机螯合微量元素的合理应用,无论从保护生态环境和畜牧业可持续发展的高度出发,还是从饲养成本等方面考虑都有极其重要的意义。     

添加不同配比有机微量元素对生长肥育猪生产性能的影响

选择54头(杜×长×大)三元杂交猪,平均体质量约40 kg,分到12个栏中,每栏4～5头猪,12个栏随机分为3组(处理).采用甘氨酸亚铁、羟基蛋氨酸铜、羟基蛋氨酸锌和羟基蛋氨酸锰作为有机微量元素添加剂,参照NRC猪营养需要(1998)中生长猪微量元素需要标准设计微量元素预混料日粮,以2倍NRC全无机的日粮为对照组;以1倍NRC全有机组和1.5倍NRC有机和无机各半的复合微量元素配成的日粮为试验组,试验期3个月(分为前期和后期).试验结果表明:有机微量元素对生长肥育猪前期有一定促生长作用:用1倍NRC有机组替代2倍NRC无机组,平均日增质量提高5.7％(由991.3 g提高到1047.8 g),料重比降低3.61％(由2.77降到2.67),皮毛评分由3.65增加到3.95.添加1.5倍NRC的有机和无机微量元素的试验组结果介于二者间.添加有机微量元素对生长肥育猪后期的平均日增质量、料重比和毛色影响不明显.     

探索前沿科技 国际研讨会暨矿物微量元素大会圆满落幕

Bill Close博士就现在《高性能基因型猪的微量元素营养》展开报告,通过对无机和有机微量元素螯合物的对比研究表明,有机微量元素可以更好、更科学地满足动物的代谢需求,将在满足现代高性能基因型猪的营养和功能需求中发挥越来越重要的作用。     

猪日粮中铜、铁、锰、锌减量使用技术研究进展

微量元素在猪的生长发育、生产繁殖、健康免疫等方面有重要的作用,生产实际中为某种目的经常会在饲料中添加超出猪生理需求剂量的微量元素。然而,长期过量的微量元素使用会带来一系列的负面影响。本文旨在对猪日粮中铜、铁、锰、锌使用的现状、过量添加的负面影响及减量使用的技术措施进行综述,以期为微量元素的有效、合理使用,保护环境提供参考。     

有机微量元素对初产母猪生产性能及血液指标的影响

为研究有机微量元素对初产母猪生产性能及血清指标的影响,挑选体重相近、健康的初产怀孕80d的母猪40头,随机分为对照和试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组母猪在基础日粮中添加无机微量元素添加剂,试验组母猪从妊娠85d开始,在对照组日粮基础上再补充添加0.15%的有机微量元素添加剂,至泌乳期结束。结果表明:(1)母猪饲料中补充有机微量元素后,可显著提高活仔率、健仔数与健仔率(P0.05);有提高活仔数和断奶重的趋势(P0.05);对产程、总产仔数、初生重无影响。(2)补充有机微量元素显著提高了母猪血清中铁含量(P0.05),也显著提高了母猪和仔猪血清中IgA含量(P0.05)。这表明母猪日粮中添加有机微量元素有利于改善母猪繁殖性能。     

有机微量元素在断奶猪日粮中的应用

在高价值日粮中应用有机微量元素具有很大的好处。断奶猪日粮量有机微量元素的首要应用目标。断奶猪日粮复杂而价值高昂，是促进仔猪快速生长所必需的。     

有机微量元素的全面更新

由饲喂有机微量元素蛋白盐的猪生产的肉品质评分优于饲喂无机微量元素的猪所产猪肉。近几年,在养猪生产上有许多有关有机微量元素使用的研究报道。本文将对国内外不同专家学者的研究发现进行了综述,以几个实例的形式介绍有机微量元素对植酸酶功能的影响,再深入到对环境和肉品质的影响。     

Biosecurity: safeguarding your veterinarian: client: patient relationship.

Biosecurity is the management practice that reduces the opportunities for infectious agents to gain access to, or spread within, a food animal production unit. As the public's concern for food safety continues to be directed toward the producer, a well-defined and well-documented biosecurity plan will be a significant factor in ensuring that animal products are safe, wholesome, and acceptable. Veterinarians are the initial control point for biosecurity and therefore are expected by their clientele and the general public to assist in establishing, defining, refining, and practicing biosecurity programs.     

难忘的编外烈士赛虎

2004年“五一”黄金周,我推辞一切应酬,约老战友李强一同踏上北去的列车,去看望我们的战友——长眠在那里的编外烈士赛虎。     

Canine immune-mediated polyarthritis: part 1: pathophysiology

Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is a common disease process in the dog.(1) The immune-mediated polyarthropathies are divided into two major categories: erosive (or deforming) and nonerosive (or nondeforming). Understanding the pathophysiology of the immune attack on affected joints is paramount in choosing the most effective therapy for managing canine IMPA. This review article is the first of a two-part series and focuses on the pathophysiology of IMPA. The second article in this series, to be published in the March/April 2012 issue, concentrates on the diagnosis and treatment of immune-mediated polyarthritis.     

Interspecies allometric scaling: prediction of clearance in large animal species: part II: mathematical considerations

Interspecies scaling is a useful tool for the prediction of pharmacokinetic parameters from animals to humans, and it is often used for estimating a first-time in human dose. However, it is important to appreciate the mathematical underpinnings of this scaling procedure when using it to predict pharmacokinetic parameter values across animal species. When cautiously applied, allometry can be a tool for estimating clearance in veterinary species for the purpose of dosage selection. It is particularly valuable during the selection of dosages in large zoo animal species, such as elephants, large cats and camels, for which pharmacokinetic data are scant. In Part I, allometric predictions of clearance in large animal species were found to pose substantially greater risks of inaccuracies when compared with that observed for humans. In this report, we examine the factors influencing the accuracy of our clearance estimates from the perspective of the relationship between prediction error and such variables as the distribution of body weight values used in the regression analysis, the influence of a particular observation on the clearance estimate, and the 'goodness of fit' (R(2)) of the regression line. Ultimately, these considerations are used to generate recommendations regarding the data to be included in the allometric prediction of clearance in large animal species.