Stearic acid as plasma replacement for intracellular in vitro culture of Plasmodium knowlesi

A chloroform extract of Cohn's fraction IV-4 of human plasma successfully replaced whole fraction IV-4 for the intracellular in vitro culture of Plasmodium knowlesi. We are now able to report the successful replacement of monkey plasma by stearic acid.     

Pyruvate dehydrogenase activation in adipocyte mitochondria by an insulin-generated mediator from muscle

Material in a chromatographic fraction from an extract of insulin-treated muscle stimulated pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in addipocyte mitochondria. This action was similar to insulin's activation of the enzyme in a plasma membrane-mitochondria mixture. Neither the chromatographic fraction nor insulin required adenosine triphosphate or magnesium ion (Mg2+), suggesting that both agents acted through a calcium-sensitive phosphatase. This fraction may contain a chemical mediator of insulin action.     

The thymus-adrenal connection: thymosin has corticotropin-releasing activity in primates

Endotoxin-free thymosin fraction 5 elevated corticotropin, beta-endorphin, and cortisol in a dose- and time-dependent fashion when administered intravenously to prepubertal cynomolgus monkeys. Two synthetic component peptides of thymosin fraction 5 had no acute effects on pituitary function, suggesting that some other peptides in thymosin fraction 5 were responsible for its corticotropin-releasing activity. In agreement with these observations, total thymectomy of juvenile macaques was associated with decreases in plasma cortisol, corticotropin, and beta-endorphin. These findings indicate that the prepubertal primate thymus contains corticotropin-releasing activity that may contribute to a physiological immunoregulatory circuit between the developing immunological and pituitary-adrenal systems.     

云南保山玉米品种联合体区域试验结果综合分析

[目的]综合分析云南省保山市2016年玉米品种联合体区域试验结果,为玉米品种的选育改良和推广应用提供参考.[方法]利用方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析对2016年北玉玉米品种联合体国家区域试验(西南春播组)7个参试品种(含对照种)在保山试点的产量、抗性、果穗性状及农艺性状等进行综合分析.[结果]方差分析结果表明,7个参试品种中,6个品种的产量均显著高于对照(P<0.05),其中民生5961和周玉0913产量最高.主成分分析结果表明,对产量和品种综合评判影响较大的主成分有4个,其中第一主成分主要包含穗长、灰斑病、穗粗和株高因子,第二主成分主要包含双穗率和百粒重因子,第三主成分主要是出籽率因子,第四主成分主要为倒伏率因子.通过聚类分析可将7个品种聚为四大类:第I类为民生5961,综合表现突出;第II类包括金秋7209和周玉0913,综合表现较优;第III类为康农玉508,综合表现中等;第IV类细分为2个亚类,第IV-1亚类包含中单888和金白玉2号,综合表现较差;第IV-2亚类为对照种渝单8号,综合表现最差.[结论]7个参试玉米品种中,民生5961、金秋7209和周玉0913综合表现优良,建议在保山地区扩大示范种植.     

Boundary layer profiles in plasma chemical vapor deposition

A nonlinear optical spectroscopy based on degenerate four-wave mixing has made possible direct measurements of species temperature and concentration profiles through the boundary layer of a reactive plasma at atmospheric pressure. Spectra were obtained for CH and C(2) radicals over a range of conditions including those for the plasma chemical vapor deposition of diamond films. Numerical simulations based on a one-dimensional stagnation-point flow model are in good agreement with the measurements. The CH mole fraction is shown to rise and fall as a function of distance from the substrate, which is compelling experimental evidence for the complex chemistry that is occurring in the plasma boundary layer.     

Antigenic streptococcal components in acute glomerulonephritis

Fluorescein-labeled immunoglobulin G fractions from serums of patients with acute glomerulonephritis and from many normal serums stained the glomerular basement membrane and mesangium of renal tissue from patients with early acute glomerulonephritis; these serums did not stain the corresponding tissues from patients with any other kidney disease. Previous absorption of the serum fraction with frozen and thawed nephritogenic beta hemolytic streptococci abolished all staining. Other bacteria studied did not abolish the staining. Only the plasma membrane of the streptococcus absorbed the immunoglobulin G fraction; such absorption eliminated staining. Fluorescein-labeled antiserums against streptococcal plasma membrane had staining properties similar to patients' serums.     

盐逆境下甘蔗叶片膜脂过氧化与保护酶的活性

２个耐盐力不同的甘蔗品种桂糖１１（耐盐）和粤糖５７４２３（不耐盐），经过不同质量分数的ＮａＣｌ溶液处理后．甘蔗叶片质膜透性和膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量均有不同程度的增加，其中又以不耐盐品种的粤糖５７４２３增加明显．与此同时，叶组织内过氧化物酶和超氧物歧化酶活性下降，过氧化氢酶活性除在较低质量分数的ＮａＣｌ下表现增强外，随ＮａＣｌ质量分数的提高也表现出活性下降的趋势．随着ＮａＣｌ质量分数的提高，叶片的叶绿素含量下降．以上变化的幅度均以不耐盐的品种粤糖５７４２３更加明显．     

双峰驼诱导排卵活性蛋白氨基酸组成的分析

 应用氨基酸自动分析仪测试了公驼精清及其活性组分。测试结果表明，诱导排卵组分是一种生物活性蛋白质，它富含20种氨基酸；特别是3种碱性氨基酸（赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸）含量达18.1%，明显高于其他活性组分。为测定该活性组分的蛋白质序列，应用数理统计方法计算了该组分多肽分子中的氨基酸残基数以及它的部分氨基酸序列。     

Baryons at the edge of the X-ray-brightest galaxy cluster

Studies of the diffuse x-ray-emitting gas in galaxy clusters have provided powerful constraints on cosmological parameters and insights into plasma astrophysics. However, measurements of the faint cluster outskirts have become possible only recently. Using data from the Suzaku x-ray telescope, we determined an accurate, spatially resolved census of the gas, metals, and dark matter out to the edge of the Perseus Cluster. Contrary to previous results, our measurements of the cluster baryon fraction are consistent with the expected universal value at half of the virial radius. The apparent baryon fraction exceeds the cosmic mean at larger radii, suggesting a clumpy distribution of the gas, which is important for understanding the ongoing growth of clusters from the surrounding cosmic web.     

Transformation of human lymphocytes: inhibition by homologous alpha globulin

An alpha globulin fraction prepared from normal human plasma by column chromatography prevents homologous lymphocyte transformation and the stimulation of DNA, and also protein synthesis induced by phytohemagglutinin and specific antigens. These observations support the concept of a normal circulating immunosuppressant factor which prevents lymphoid cell proliferation.     

城市污泥中Cu、Zn植物有效性的评价

Cu、Zn是我国城市污泥中最主要的重金属元素。本文采用小麦盆栽试验研究了8种城市污泥中Cu、Zn植物有效性。同时采用中性盐浸提剂(NH4NO3)、酸浸提剂(HCl)和有机配体浸提剂(EDTA)对污泥中Zn、Cu的有效态进行化学浸提。将浸提剂浸提所得的元素有效态含量与该元素在小麦幼苗根系中的元素的富集量进行相关分析。结果表明,污泥样品Cu、Zn的生物有效性存在差异,Cu有效性范围为4.5%—16.1%,Zn有效性范围为3.6%—12.1%。化学浸提剂的选择影响城市污泥中元素的提取性的评价。EDTA所提取的有效态量显著高于稀HCl和N H4NO3,而后两者提取的量相近。相关分析表明NH4NO3对Cu、Zn浸提量与小麦根系富集量均呈极显著相关,因此,建议采用NH4NO3作为污泥Cu、Zn生物有效性的评价的最佳化学提取剂。     

The origins of hot plasma in the solar corona

The Sun's outer atmosphere, or corona, is heated to millions of degrees, considerably hotter than its surface or photosphere. Explanations for this enigma typically invoke the deposition in the corona of nonthermal energy generated by magnetoconvection. However, the coronal heating mechanism remains unknown. We used observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Hinode solar physics mission to reveal a ubiquitous coronal mass supply in which chromospheric plasma in fountainlike jets or spicules is accelerated upward into the corona, with much of the plasma heated to temperatures between ~0.02 and 0.1 million kelvin (MK) and a small but sufficient fraction to temperatures above 1 MK. These observations provide constraints on the coronal heating mechanism(s) and highlight the importance of the interface region between photosphere and corona.     

Localization of calcium pump activity in smooth muscle

A microsomal fraction isolated from longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea pig ileum actively sequesters calcium ion in the presence of magnesium and adenosine triphosphate in a fashion previously described for microsomes of the rabbit aorta. This activity in guinea pig ileum appears to be associated primarily with the plasma membrane as is found in the red cell. By contrast the uptake of calcium in aortic smooth muscle appears to be associated to an appreciable extent with intracellular membranes, possibly analogous to the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle.     

Australia antigen: distribution during Cohn ethanol fractionation of human plasma

When plasma containing a hepatitis-associated antigen (Au/SH) is fractionated, the antigen is localized in fractions III and IV with none in fraction II and only small amounts in fractions I and V. The amount of antigen found in each of these fractions is probably not predictive of clinical infectivity of Cohn ethanol fractions from normnal pooled plasna.     

Chemical signature of the superconducting phase in the nd-ce-cu-o system

The electron-doped material Nd2-xCexCuO(4) becomes superconducting with a Ce(4+) composition around 0.16, but only after removal of a minuscule amount of extraneous oxygen. This enigmatic behavior was addressed here. A small fraction of copper in the CuO(2) planes of Nd2-xCexCuO(4) was substituted by cobalt-57, which serves as a microprobe of the chemical environment. Deoxygenation brought about little change in the M?ssbauer spectra both above and below the optimal superconducting concentration; however, for x = 0.16 a change was observed. In the latter, a major fraction of the magnetically split, five-coordinate species showed itself as a paramagnetically relaxed doublet upon deoxygenation. The abundance of the paramagnetically relaxed species corresponds closely to the diamagnetic volume fraction and thus provides a microscopic signature of the superconducting phase.     

Conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in normal human subjects

The conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine, previously demonstrated in athyreotic human subjects, has been investigated in normal subjects who were given intravenous injections of purified thyroxine labeled with carbon-14 in ring A and in the alanine side chain. Evidence for the conversion of T4 to T3 was provided by the finding of carbon-14 in the T3 fraction isolated from serums. It is estimated that an appreciable fraction of T4 may be transformed to T3 in normal man.     

The magnetosphere of uranus: hot plasma and radiation environment

The low-energy charged-particle (LECP) instrument on Voyager 2 measured lowenergy electrons and ions near and within the magnetosphere of Uranus. Initial analysis of the LECP measurements has revealed the following. (i) The magnetospheric particle population consists principally of protons and electrons having energies to at least 4 and 1.2 megaelectron volts, respectively, with electron intensities substantially excceding proton intensities at a given energy. (ii) The intensity profile for both particle species shows evidence that the particles were swept by planetry satellites out to at least the orbit of Titania. (iii) The ion and electron spectra may be described by a Maxwellian core at low energies (less than about 200 kiloelectron volts) and a power law at high energies (greater than about 590 kiloelectron volts; exponentmicro, 3 to 10) except inside the orbit of Miranda, where power-law spectra (micro approximately 1.1 and 3.1 for electrons and protons, respectively) are observed. (iv) At ion energies between 0.6 and 1 megaelectron volt per nucleon, the composition is dominated by protons with a minor fraction (about 10(-3)) of molecular hydrogen; the lower limit for the ratio of hydrogen to helium is greater than 10(4). (v) The proton population is sufficiently intense that fluences greater than 10(16) per square centimeter can accumulate in 10(4) to 10(') years; such fluences are sufficient to polymerize carbon monoxide and methane ice surfaces. The overall morphology of Uranus' magnetosphere resembles that of Jupiter, as evidenced by the fact that the spacecraft crossed the plasma sheet through the dawn magnetosheath twice per planetary rotation period (17.3 hours). Uranus' magnetosphere differs from that of Jupiter and of Saturn in that the plasma 1 is at most 0.1 rather than 1. Therefore, little distortion ofthe field is expected from particle loading at distances less than about 15 Uranus radii.     

胡敏酸酒精沉淀分级及各级分特性研究

采用酒精沉法，将泥炭胡敏酸分成７个级分，研究了各级分胡敏酸的热解特性、絮凝极限和光学性质。结果表明，酒精沉淀分级法是按分子量大小、缩合程度的高低将胡敏酸分成较均一的级分，而对胡敏酸的性质、结构等无破坏作用。泥炭胡敏酸以级分１为最多，其次是级分７，分别占原样胡敏酸的２２．９３％，９．２０％，级分４最少，仅占３．６０％．级分１的分子缩合度和颗粒大小比原样胡敏酸大     

3种稻米淀粉成分的分离

采用化学方法分离稻米粉,得到了除直链淀粉、支链淀粉以外的中间成分和非淀粉成分,初步测定了它们的含量,并观察了其形态结构的不同,可能会为揭示稻米品质的差异提供一个新的方向。     

Plasma 3S gamma-1-globulin: identity with erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase B

The 3S (gamma1), 2S (gamma2), and 0.5S (gamma2) fractions of human plasma are heterogeneous in protein composition. Although each fraction contained a relatively small amount of protein antigenically related to the immunoglobulin light chains, most of the proteins were unrelated to immunogloublin G or its light chains. Of the 3S (gamma1)-globulins the greater part was immunochemically identical to carbonic anhydrase B and had carbonic anhydrase activity. These findings explain earlier reports of an immunochemical similarity between 3S (gamma1)-globulins and immunoglobulin light chains in spite of marked differences in amino acid and peptide composition between the two. Apparently not all plasma gamma-globulins are necessarily immunoglobulins.