The effect of replacing brewers' grains with barley tea grounds in total mixed ration silage on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in wethers

Four wethers were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square to study the feed intake, apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal fermentation characteristics when fed total mixed ration (TMR) silages which included wet barley tea grounds (WBTG). The TMR silages were prepared using compound feed including wet brewers' grains (WBG), corn, oat hay, alfalfa hay, dried beet pulp, salt and vitamin-mineral supplement in a ratio of 30.7:15:8:24:10:12:0.15:0.15, respectively, on a dry matter (DM) basis. The WBTG and soybean meal mixture (7:3 on DM basis) were substituted for WBG at ratio of 0% (Control), 5% (LTG), 10% (MTG), and 15% (HTG) on DM of TMR. WBTG addition to the TMR silages increased lactic acid concentration, decreased pH, acetic acid and ammonia-N ( P  < 0.001). Feed intakes and digestibilities for LTG and MTG (except ether extract (EE) digestibility) treatments were not different from the control ( P  > 0.05). However, EE and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake, crude protein, EE and NDF digestibility was lower, but the DM and gross energy digestibility was higher for the HTG treatment compared to control ( P  < 0.01). With progressive increases in WBTG concentrations, nitrogen intake, fecal nitrogen and retention nitrogen did not differ, but the urinary nitrogen for MTG and HTG treatments were lower than that of the control ( P  = 0.001). The ruminal total volatile fatty acid concentration and the molar ratios of propionate and butyrate were higher, but the acetate, ratio of acetate to propionate and ammonia-N content were lower for the HTG treatment compared with the control ( P  < 0.05). Therefore, the possible proportion of replacing WBG with WBTG for TMR silage can be 10% or less of the diet DM.     

Feeding value of total mixed ration silage with spent mushroom substrate

Six wethers were used in a digestibility experiment arranged as replicated 3 × 3 Latin square to evaluate the nutritive value of total mixed ration (TMR) silages that were made from ensiling of TMR containing 0, 6.5 and 13.0% (dry matter basis) of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) for 45 days (treatments denoted as CSMS, LSMS and HSMS, respectively). The amount of SMS replaced the same amount of timothy hay in the respective TMR. All TMR were well preserved as indicated by their low pH, low ammonia‐N and high lactic acid contents. Increasing levels of SMS in the TMR silage quadratically reduced (P < 0.05) nutrient digestibility with the exception of ether extract. The difference of total digestible nutrients and digestible energy contents between LSMS and CSMS TMR silage were less than those between LSMS and HSMS. Increasing concentration of SMS in the ration tended to decrease content of total volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid but increased the ratio of acetate to propionate and pH. The study suggests that a SMS level of 6.5% in the diet DM can be recommended for silage based TMR.     

Fermentation quality and nutritive value of a total mixed ration silage containing coffee grounds at ten or twenty percent of dry matter

Six wethers were used in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square to study the fermentation quality and nutritive value of total mixed ration (TMR) silages that included wet coffee grounds (WCG). The TMR were prepared using a commercial compound feed, timothy hay, alfalfa hay, dried beet pulp, and a vitamin-mineral supplement in a ratio of 36.5:30:20:12:1.5, respectively, on a DM basis, with timothy hay and alfalfa hay being replaced by WCG at 0, 10, or 20%. All TMR silages, irrespective of WCG addition, were well preserved, with a low pH and ammonia-N content and a high lactic acid content. Intakes by wethers of TMR silages containing 0 and 10% WCG were 96.6 and 94.8 g/kg of BW(0.75), and did not differ (P > 0.05). Intake of TMR silage containing 20% WCG was 76.8 g/kg of BW(0.75), which was equal to 80% of that of the TMR silage with no WCG (quadratic: P < 0.01). Increasing concentrations of WCG in the rations decreased the digestibility of DM, CP, ADF, NDF, and energy, and increased that of ether extract (P < 0.05). The TDN and DE contents of the TMR silages with 0 and 10% WCG were similar, but the TMR silage with 20% WCG was lower (P < 0.05). With progressive increases in WCG concentrations, N intake did not differ, but fecal and urinary N increased linearly (P < 0.001), and retained N decreased linearly (P < 0.001). This study demonstrated that the proportion of WCG to be incorporated into TMR silages should not exceed 10% of the DM.     

Nutritive value and fermentation quality of palisadegrass and stylo mixed silages

The nutritive value and fermentation quality of palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes) and stylo (Stylosanthes capitata × S. macrocephala cv. Campo Grande) mixed silages were evaluated. The experiment was analyzed in a factorial scheme (5 × 2) in a completely randomized design using increasing levels of stylo (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% on a fresh matter basis) on palisadegrass silages, with and without microbial inoculants (MI). With the increased ratio of stylo in mixed silages, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and lignin content increased in silages. The presence of MI promoted lower DM content, and higher neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein, ADF and lignin content. The acid detergent insoluble nitrogen content and the lactic acid bacteria populations were not affected by treatments. The in vitroDM digestibility was affected by the interaction of levels of the stylo and MI. The pH, NH₃‐N/total nitrogen and butyric acid concentrations decreased with increasing levels of stylo. Better nutritive value and quality of fermentation was found in the silage containing higher proportions of this stylo mixed with palisadegrass. The microbial inoculant evaluated did not alter the nutritive value or quality of the fermentation of the silages in this experiment.     

麻叶荨麻与玉米粉混贮对青贮品质的影响

为解析添加玉米粉对麻叶荨麻青贮发酵品质和养分保存效果的影响,将麻叶荨麻与玉米粉5∶1混合调制青贮饲料,将其DM含量提高到310 g/kg,以麻叶荨麻单独青贮作为对照。每个处理18个重复,室温袋贮60 d后开封取样,测定青贮发酵品质和营养成分及消化率,并分别在贮藏后第0,3,5,15,20和60天调查pH、有机酸、氨态氮的动态变化。结果表明,与玉米粉混合青贮通过快速降低pH和提高乳酸含量而明显加快了麻叶荨麻的发酵进程,发酵前15 d,混贮组pH下降速率和乳酸累积速率较单贮组快;混贮组显著降低了(P<0.05)pH、氨态氮、乙酸、丁酸及NDF和ADF含量,显著提高了(P<0.05)乳酸、水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量、费氏评分及干物质与纤维组分的体外消化率;脂肪含量在两个处理之间无显著差异。以上结果表明,麻叶荨麻与玉米粉以5∶1混合青贮能够成功保存麻叶荨麻的高品质营养特性,从而生产高品质青贮饲料,同时还能改善家畜对它的利用效率。     

添加剂对羊草青贮发酵品质和体外消化率的影响

研究乳酸菌制剂、纤维素酶和甲酸对羊草(Leymus chinensis)青贮发酵品质和体外消化率的影响。结果表明:添加乳酸菌制剂、纤维素酶、乳酸菌制剂+纤维素酶均显著降低了青贮饲料pH值,提高了乳酸含量(P<0.05);添加甲酸显著降低了青贮料pH值、乳酸和氨态氮含量(P<0.05);添加乳酸菌制剂或甲酸显著提高了干物质体外消化率(P<0.05),乳酸菌制剂与纤维素酶混合添加显著提高了干物质和粗蛋白质体外消化率(P<0.05)。     

不同添加剂处理对小黑麦和黑麦青贮营养品质和发酵品质的影响

采用二因素试验设计,以无添加剂处理作为对照,研究了甲酸以及两种乳酸菌类青贮添加剂(Sila-Max,Sila-Mix)对小黑麦和黑麦青贮营养品质和发酵品质的影响,以期为小黑麦和黑麦青贮饲料的调制奠定基础。结果表明:甲酸处理组的中(酸)性洗涤纤维含量显著低于其他处理(P<0.05),可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量和干物质消化率(DMD)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),青贮营养品质最优;Sila-Max和Sila-Mix处理组的DMD和乳酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),pH值和NH₃-N/TN显著低于对照组(P<0.05),青贮营养品质和发酵品质均优于对照组,其中Sila-Max用量最少,发酵品质最优;青贮原料间小黑麦的营养品质和发酵品质均优于黑麦,更适于调制青贮饲料。综上,小黑麦添加甲酸调制青贮饲料的营养品质最优,小黑麦添加Sila-Max处理调制青贮饲料的发酵品质最优。     

Fermentation quality and chemical composition of shrub silage treated with lactic acid bacteria inoculants and cellulase additives

Effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and cellulase additives on fermentation quality and chemical compositions of shrub silages were studied by using a small‐scale fermentation system. Two LAB inoculants of Qingbao (Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilacticii, Lactobacillus casei and Clostridium phage) and Caihe (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis and Pediococcus acidilactici) and a commercial cellulase made from Trichoderma reesei were used as additives for intermediate pea‐shrub, rush bushclover, arborescent ceratoides and shrubby silage preparation. The crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and water‐soluble carbohydrate contents of the four shrub materials were 10.1–14.2, 62.6–67.2 and 1.9–3.5% on a dry matter basis, respectively. All shrub silages had pH 3.40–4.43, ammonia‐N 0.1–0.2% g/kg and lactic acid 1.3–2.9% on a fresh matter basis. The silage quality of LAB‐inoculated silages did not have a greater effect than control silages, except shrubby silage preparation. Silages treated with the cellulase, the pH of rush bushclover and shrubby sweetvetch silage were significantly (P < 0.05) lower and the lactic acid content were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the control silages. The results confirmed that shrub contained a relatively high content of crude protein; its silages can be preserved in good quality, and they are new potential resources for livestock feed.     

Silage fermentation and ruminal degradation of stylo prepared with lactic acid bacteria and cellulase

In order to improve the silage fermentation of stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis ) in tropical areas, stylo silages were prepared with commercial additives Lactobacillus plantarum Chikuso‐1 (CH 1), L. rhamnasus Snow Lact L (SN ), Acremonium cellulase (CE ) and their combination as SN +CE or CH 1 + CE , and the fermentation quality, chemical composition and ruminal degradation of these silages were studied. Stylo silages treated with lactic acid bacteria (LAB ) or cellulase, the pH value and NH ₃‐N ? total‐N were significantly (P  <  0.05) decreased while the ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM ), crude protein (CP ), neutral detergent fiber (aNDF om) and acid detergent fiber (ADF om) were significantly (P  <  0.05) increased compared to control. Compared to LAB or cellulase‐treated silages, the DM , CP contents and relative feed value (RFV ), and the ruminal degradability in LAB plus cellulase‐treated silages were significantly (P  <  0.05) higher, but the aNDF om content was significantly (P  <  0.05) lower. CH 1 + CE treatment was more effective in silage fermentation and ruminal degradation than SN +CE treatment. The results confirmed that LAB or LAB plus cellulase treatment could improve the fermentation quality, chemical composition and ruminal degradation of stylo silage. Moreover, the combined treatment with LAB and cellulase may have beneficial synergistic effects on ruminal degradation.     

Prediction of nutritive values in grass silages: I. Nutrient digestibility and energy concentrations using nutrient compositions and fermentation characteristics

Grass silages (n = 136) were selected from commercial farms across Northern Ireland according to their pH, ammonia nitrogen, DM, and predicted ME concentration. Each silage was offered to four sheep as a sole feed at maintenance feeding level to determine nutrient digestibility and urinary energy output. Dry matter concentration was determined as alcohol-corrected toluene DM and was subsequently used as the basis for all nutrient concentrations. The objectives were to use these data to examine relationships between nutritive value and nutrient concentration or fermentation characteristics in silages and then develop prediction equations for silage nutritive values using stepwise multiple regression techniques. The silages had a large range in quality (DM = 15.5 to 41.3%, ME = 7.7 to 12.9 MJ/kg of DM, pH = 3.5 to 5.5) and a relatively even distribution over the range. There was a positive relationship (P < 0.001) between silage GE and DE or ME concentration. Digestible OM in total DM (DOMD); ME/GE; and digestibility of DM, OM, and GE were positively related (P < 0.05) to CP, soluble CP, ether extract, lactic acid concentration, and lactic acid/ total VFA, whereas they were negatively related (P < 0.05) to ADF, NDF, lignin, individual VFA concentration, pH, and ammonia N/total N. Concentrations of DE and ME and digestibility of CP and NDF had similar relationships with those variables, although some relationships were not significant. Three sets of multiple prediction equations for DE and ME concentration; ME/ GE; DOMD; and digestibility of DM, OM, GE, CP, and NDF were therefore developed using three sets of predictors. The first set included GE, CP, soluble N/total N, DM, ash, NDF, lignin, lactic acid/total VFA, and ammonia N/total N; the second set excluded soluble N/ total N and lignin because they are not typically measured; the third set further excluded the fermentation data. The R2 values generally decreased with exclusion of predictors. The second and third sets of equations, except for NDF digestibility, were validated using the mean-square-prediction-error model and an independent grass silage data set published since 1977 (n = 17 [DM digestibility] to 28 [DOMD and OM digestibility]). The validation indicated that the equations developed in the present experiment could accurately predict DE and ME concentrations and DE/GE and ME/GE in grass silages.     

凋萎和不同添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响

以孕蕾后期至初花期紫花苜蓿为材料,在实验室条件下研究了两种凋萎程度(晾晒3 h和晾晒12 h),对应含水率分别为72.6%和61.8%的苜蓿草分别添加乳酸菌接种剂(LAB)、甜菜粕(SB)、乳酸菌+甜菜粕(LAB+SB)、甲酸钠(SF)、甲酸钠+甜菜粕(SF+SB)五组不同添加剂处理及对照组(CK)对苜蓿青贮发酵品质和主要营养成分含量的影响。青贮65 d开封,对青贮进行了感官评定和实验室评定。结果表明,1)添加剂对苜蓿青贮发酵品质有极显著的影响(P<0.01),各种添加剂均不同程度地提高了苜蓿青贮饲料的发酵品质,显著降低了青贮饲料的pH和氨态氮含量;2)两种凋萎程度下苜蓿青贮的NDF、ADF和干物质回收率均与对照组差异不显著,LAB+SB和SF处理显著提高了青贮饲料WSC的含量(P<0.05),添加SB显著降低了青贮饲料的CP值(P<0.05);3)提高原料的凋萎程度能够改善苜蓿青贮饲料的发酵品质,显著提高青贮饲料的CP和WSC含量(P<0.05)。总体来说,不同添加剂的青贮效果不同,添加LAB+SB的青贮品质最佳。     

5株优良抑菌活性乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮品质的影响

为了探讨具有优良抑菌活性的乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮过程不同时期营养品质的影响,进一步验证并筛选出可提高玉米秸秆青贮品质的乳酸菌接种剂,将实验室前期从甘肃各地玉米秸秆青贮饲料中分离筛选获得的5株产酸快、多,且具有抑菌活性的优良乳酸菌分别添加到全株玉米秸秆中进行青贮,共设置6个试验组,分别在青贮第3、7、15、30天测定产物的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和氨态氮(NH₃-N)含量及第30 天乳酸(LA)、乙酸(AA)、丙酸(PA)和丁酸(BA)含量。结果显示,发酵30 d后,5个处理组的DM、CP、ADF和LA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),NH₃-N和WSC含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),B3-1组NDF显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但与其他处理组差异不显著(P>0.05),B3-1和B5-2组AA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但与其他处理组差异不显著(P>0.05);各组DM、CP、WSC含量均随发酵时间延长而降低,而ADF、NDF和NH₃-N含量均随发酵时间的延长而升高;B3-1组在玉米秸秆全株青贮发酵各期的发酵品质和营养品质最优。以上结果表明5株乳酸菌均能显著改善青贮饲料发酵品质,其中植物乳杆菌B3-1的效果最好。     

Effects of utilization of local food by‐products as total mixed ration silage materials on fermentation quality and intake,digestibility, rumen condition and nitrogen availability in sheep

Four wethers were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment to evaluate in vivo digestibility of total mixed ration (TMR) silage with food by‐products for dairy cows, and the ruminal condition and nitrogen (N) balance were examined. Five by‐products (i.e. potato waste, noodle waste, soybean curd residue, soy sauce cake and green tea waste) were obtained. Four types of TMR silage were used: control (C) containing roughage and commercial concentrate, T1:20% and T1:40% containing the five by‐products replacing 20% and 40% of the commercial concentrate on a dry matter (DM) basis, respectively, and T2:40% containing three by‐products (potato waste, noodle waste and soybean curd residue) replacing 40% of the commercial concentrate on a DM basis. The ingredients were mixed and preserved in oil drum silos for 4 months. The TMR silages showed 4.02–4.44% and 1.75–2.19% for pH and lactic acid contents, respectively. The digestibility of DM and neutral detergent fiber, and total digestible nutrient content were higher (P < 0.05) for T2:40% feeding than for C feeding. Urinary nitrogen excretion tended to be lower (P = 0.07) for T2:40% than for C. The results suggested 40% replacing of commercial concentrate by using the three food by‐products can be most suitable for TMR silage.     

不同处理方式对籽粒苋青贮品质的影响

试验以籽粒苋为材料,在青贮中分别添加乳酸菌制剂、葡萄糖和甲酸3种添加剂,研究不同的处理方式对籽粒苋青贮动态发酵品质以及营养成分的影响,以明确青贮添加剂对粒苋青贮的作用,为籽粒苋青贮饲料的合理利用提供研究途径。试验设5个处理组:对照组,不加任何添加剂;乳酸菌制剂组,按1kg乳酸菌制剂调制3~4t籽粒苋鲜草装罐;葡萄糖组,添加量为30g/kg;乳酸菌制剂和葡萄糖组,添加量与单独添加时一致;甲酸组,添加量为5g/kg。在发酵第1,3,9,30和57天分别开罐取样,检测样品中pH、乳酸、氨态氮、干物质、粗蛋白和中性洗涤纤维等指标。结果表明,在籽粒苋青贮同时加入乳酸菌制剂和葡萄糖可以快速发酵,产生大量乳酸,迅速降低青贮pH值,显著降低乙酸、中性洗涤纤维含量和氨态氮/总氮(P0.05),并能显著提高干物质和粗蛋白含量(P0.05);加入甲酸可以显著降低乙酸含量(P0.05),对干物质含量没有明显影响(P0.05)。综上所述,籽粒苋通过制作青贮饲料可以保存营养成分,与籽粒苋自然青贮相比,籽粒苋青贮时加入上述青贮添加剂均可不同程度的改善青贮品质,同时加入乳酸菌和葡萄糖对青贮改善效果最佳。     

乳酸菌和烷基多糖苷对玉米秸秆黄贮品质及其体外发酵特性影响研究

研究玉米秸秆中添加乳酸菌和烷基多糖苷时对其黄贮品质与体外发酵特性的影响。采用3×3双因素试验设计,即乳酸菌设3个水平(0、1×10¹⁰、2×10¹⁰ CFU·kg^-1),烷基多糖苷设3个水平(0、0.10、0.20 g·kg^-1),每个处理3个重复。玉米秸秆黄贮完成后,采用体外发酵技术评定其瘤胃发酵特性。结果表明:随乳酸菌添加水平的上升,黄贮玉米秸乳酸含量、比表面积、外观总评分、酸性洗涤纤维和干物质含量显著(P<0.05)提高,氨氮/总氮显著(P<0.05)降低,体外发酵潜在最大产气量显著(P<0.05)增加、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度极显著(P<0.01)增加、产气速率显著(P<0.05)降低;随烷基多糖苷添加水平的升高,黄贮玉米秸外观总评分、酸性洗涤纤维和干物质含量、以及体外发酵后Zeta电位、电子迁移率及干物质消失率显著(P<0.05)升高;黄贮玉米秸粗蛋白质、pH值、乙酸和异丁酸含量以及体外发酵后丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸和异戊酸的摩尔百分比受乳酸菌与烷基多糖苷交互作用(P<0.05)的影响。结果表明:乳酸菌添加量为2×10¹⁰ CFU·kg^-1,烷基多糖苷添加量为0.2 g·kg^-1时,既能够保证玉米秸秆较好的黄贮品质,同时又能提高其降解特性。     

乳酸菌对苜蓿青贮质量和黄酮含量的影响

本试验研究添加乳酸菌对苜蓿(Medicago sativa.)青贮过程中发酵品质、营养成分和黄酮含量的影响。结果表明:添加乳酸菌可快速降低青贮饲料的pH值,提高乳酸和苜蓿黄酮含量,降低酸性洗涤纤维含量,而粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、可溶性碳水化合物、丙酸和丁酸含量无明显变化。综合分析表明添加乳酸菌可改善苜蓿青贮发酵品质,增加黄酮的提取量。     

Effect of wilting on biochemical and microbiological changes in Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst) silage

Small‐scale laboratory silos were used to study the fermentation process of Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst) silage prepared from grass containing 25% and 40% dry matter. Silage made from grass containing 40% dry matter was found to be better preserved and of better quality than silage made from wetter grass. The better preservation and quality of the drier grass was reflected in the lower production of ammonia‐N (0,19 vs 0,26%) and total volatile fatty acids (5,48 vs 16,27%). Better quality was also reflected in the higher content of crude protein (16,3 vs 14,4%), true protein (9,0 vs 7,0%), residual total non‐structural carbohydrates (2,4 vs 2,3%), and in vitro dry matter digestibility (58,7 vs 55,2%). Both low and high dry matter silages had a low lactic‐acid content and high pH throughout fermentation. Both silages were of the acetate type.     

Influences of Northern Leaf Blight on corn silage fermentation quality,nutritive value and feed intake by sheep

This study examined the differences between non‐inoculated (control) corn and Northern Leaf Blight (NLB)‐damaged corn (inoculated corn); dry matter (DM) yield, silage fermentation quality, nutritive value and feed intake by sheep were compared. Leaf, stem and grain dry weights and gross yield of inoculated corn were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased compared with control corn. The contents of water‐soluble carbohydrate and nitrogen‐free extract (NFE) were decreased in inoculated corn compared with control corn. Silage made from both inoculated and control corn showed good fermentation quality. The digestibility of DM, organic matter, ether extract, NFE, and energy of silage made from inoculated corn were significantly (P < 0.05) lower, and contents of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and digestible energy (DE) were also significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared with silage made from the control corn. DM intake showed no significant discrepancy between the two types of silage. TDN and DE intakes from inoculated silage were significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared with control silage. From the above results it was shown that NLB caused a decrease in DM yield and NFE content in corn and a decrease in the nutritive value and feed intake of silage.     

冬闲田种植大麦不同生育期的营养价值和青贮品质

利用冬闲田种植一年生饲草或饲料作物,是解决南方粗饲料不足的有效途径。本研究利用冬闲田种植大麦(Hordeum vulgare),分析其不同刈割期的产量、营养价值和青贮发酵品质。主要研究结果如下,1)大麦的干物质产量随生育期的推进逐渐提高,但乳熟期相对饲用价值和干物质消化率显著高于其它生育期(P0.05),分别为107.19和63.84%。2)随着生育期的推进,全株大麦青贮发酵品质显著提高(P0.05)。3)添加乳酸菌Lactobacillus plantarum CCZZ1可以显著增加各生育期大麦青贮饲料的乳酸含量,降低pH、丁酸和氨态氮含量(P0.05),显著提高青贮发酵品质(P0.05),但开窖后容易引起有氧变质;添加乳酸菌L.parafarraqinis ZH1能有效改善各生育期大麦青贮饲料的有氧稳定性。因此,冬闲田种植大麦宜在乳熟期至蜡熟早期收割青贮,并有益南方畜牧业发展。     

稻秸与玉米秸、杂交狼尾草及象草混合青贮的研究

对稻秸分别与玉米秸、杂交狼尾草和象草的混合青贮进行了研究,并采用乳酸菌(Chikuso-1)添加剂处理探讨其对不同原料混合青贮发酵品质的影响.结果表明:添加乳酸菌的青贮料pH、乳酸(LA)含量和氨态氮/总氮(AN/TN)均极显著优于对照(无添加物,P＜0.01),乳酸菌对青贮料的可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量、粗蛋白质(CP)含量、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量、有机物消化率(IVOMD)的影响差异均不显著;添加乳酸菌的稻秸与玉米秸、杂交狼尾草混合青贮料干物质回收率(DMR)均极显著高于对照(P＜0.01),稻秸与象草混合青贮料显著高于对照(P＜0.05).不同混合青贮料的pH、LA含量、AN/TN、WSC含量、CP含量、ADF含量、DMR差异极显著(P＜0.01).稻秸与玉米秸混合青贮料品质最佳,最差的是稻秸与象草混合青贮料.