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桃果实发育过程中主要营养成分的动态变化及系统分析方法研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对桃果实发育过程中维生素C、可溶性糖、有机酸、游离氨基酸及蛋白质含量的测定,系统分析了它们在整个生长发育过程中的动态变化。维生素C含量呈V形的变化曲线,幼果和成熟时较高,其它时期较低;可溶性糖总量随果实的生长而增加,但还原糖与非还原糖含量的变化趋势恰好相反;有机酸、游离氨基酸和蛋白质三者含量都是幼果时较高,成熟时最低。各种营养成分的变化虽然有所不同,但与果实的相对生长速度及花后天数有明显的相关关系。另外,对果实生长发育过程中营养成分的系统分析方法也进行了研究。 相似文献
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桃果实发育过程中主要营养成分的动态变化及系统分析方法研究 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
通过对桃果实发育过程中维生素C、可溶性糖、有机酸、游离所基酸及蛋白质含量的测定,系统分析了它们在整个生长发育过程中的动态变化。维生素C含量呈V形的变化曲线,幼果和成熟时较高,其它时期较低;可溶性糖总量随果实的生长而增加,但还原糖与非还原含量的变化趋势恰好相反;有机酸、游离氨基酸和蛋白质三者含量都是幼果时较高,成熟时量低。各种营养成分的变化虽然有所不同,但与果实有相对生长速度及花后天数有明显的相关关 相似文献
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中华猕猴桃果实主要营养成分含量在后熟过程变化的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
猕猴桃是一种呼吸跃变型果实,采后要经过一个完熟过程或人工催熟处理。关于后熟过程的果实成分变化,国外对美味猕猴桃(Actinidia deliciosa)有了不少研究,一般认为,适期采收的果实必须完成这种化学变化,才能达到最好的食用品质。 中华猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis Planch.)原产我国,据1988年农业部优质农产品开发服务中心报道,全国栽培面积已有5万余亩,年产量达百万Kg。迄今,国内外对于该种在后熟过程的果实成分变化,尚未展开系统的研究。本文旨在探索氨基酸、维生素C和碳水化合物等营养成分在后熟过程中的变化规律,并根据碳水化合物变化探明采收成熟度与果实品质的关系,为获得优质猕猴桃及其采后生理研究提供理论依据。 材料与方法 一、供试材料 为本院猕猴桃试验园栽植的‘LQ─8’和‘LQ─25’两个优良株系(1988年11月通过浙江省科委鉴定),均从中华猕猴桃野生群体中选出。果实成熟度以果实可溶性固形物含量计。从9月上旬起,定期测定果实成熟度,以确定采收期。果实采后用0.05mm厚的聚乙烯塑料袋包装,每袋装10个果,共80袋,封口后置于水果周转箱内。库温18°± 2℃ ,相对湿度85%。每隔 2天从中取出5袋分析1次果实营养成分,试验重复3次。 相似文献
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黑穗醋栗果实成熟过程主要营养成分变化规律 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10
黑穗醋栗果实的各种营养物质,在整个发育成熟过程中,各阶段的变化不同。薄皮和厚皮两品种表现出相同的变化规律。果实内总糖含量随果实成熟逐渐增加,果实成熟后略有减少,总糖中以果糖和葡萄糖为主;有机酸含量随果实成熟逐渐减少。接近成熟时增长缓慢;维生素C、氨基酸的相对含量的幼果中最多,随着果实的成熟逐渐减少。氨基酸在果实成熟时相对含量最低,其后略有增加;而维生素C则一直下降,果实成熟时下降缓慢。相关分析表明 相似文献
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An investigation of the relationship between reproductive growth and yield loss in hazelnut 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study was carried out in Samsun during a 2-year period to examine the relationship between reproductive and yield loses in the ‘Tombul’ and ‘Palaz’ hazelnut cultivars. In hazelnuts, male and female flowering occur in winter after the breaking of inflorescence dormancy. In the present study, growth of the ovary of the hazelnut started in April and continued until mid-June. At the time of flowering the ovary did not form. The ovule growth showed a rapid increase at the end of June. Change in the diameter of the ovary and ovule with time showed a simple sigmoid growth curve. Fertilization occurred during the period between mid-May and the beginning of June, namely, 3.5–5 months after pollination. At this time, the diameter of the nut was 9.54 mm. Twin kernel was not observed. The ratio of double kernels was close to zero. The time period from fertilization to harvest was 89 days in 1997 and 96 days in 1998 for Tombul cultivar. For the Palaz, this period was 84 days in 1997 and 86 days in 1998. The rate of pistillate flower clusters which dropped in April–May was more than those dropped in June–August. 相似文献
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桃果实缝合线软化过程中内源激素的变化 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
为了明确桃果实缝合线过早软化的原因,以大久保桃为试材,利用气质联用和高效液相色谱的方法,对缝合线软化果(障碍果)和正常果的种仁、缝合线处果肉和其它部位果肉中的生长素(IAA)、玉米素(Z)、脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸(JA)的浓度进行了测定分析。结果表明,果肉ABA浓度是种仁的8~9倍,并随着果实的发育逐渐增加,接近成熟时达到最高,主要表现出对果肉成熟的调控作用。障碍果中Z的浓度在内果皮硬化初期明显高于正常果,与其缝合线异常生长(凸起)吻合;障碍果种仁的IAA浓度在内果皮硬化初期明显低于正常果,果肉中IAA浓度在内果皮硬化后上升,且障碍果高于正常果,说明IAA对中果皮细胞的扩大与成熟软化起调控作用。JA在种仁中的浓度是果肉的3~6倍,在硬核初期障碍果明显低于正常果,到硬核结束时则高于正常果,推测可能JA与内果皮发育有关。 相似文献
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金魁猕猴桃发育过程中香气成分的动态变化 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
采用顶空固相微萃取法(HeadspaceSolid-PhaseMicro-Extractions,HS-SPME),提取美味猕猴桃品种金魁发育过程中的香气成分,经气相色谱/质谱(GasChromatography/MassSpectrometry,GC/MS)联机分析,在6、7、8、9、10月份的果实中,分别检测出55、48、47、51、47种香气成分,占各自总峰面积的99.07%、96.33%、99.96%、99.99%、99.96%。分类分析表明,果实香气成分主要以酯类、醇类、醛类为主。其中,酯类物质相对含量在果实发育过程中呈现出降-升-降的变化规律,最高值出现在9月份,为73.26%;而醇类和醛类物质均呈升-降-升的变化规律,最高值分别出现在7月份和8月份,为56.5%和27.95%。此外,还检测出乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、己酸乙酯等猕猴桃特征香气成分。 相似文献
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A novel melon cultivar (‘Flavor No. 3’) containing high acid concentration as well as high sugar content in the mature fruit was successfully bred out. The aim of this study is to determine the main organic acids present in this novel melon and to clarify the mechanisms of acid accumulation. Fruit development and acid accumulation patterns in ‘Flavor No. 3’ were compared with those of a conventional low-acid melon, ‘Xuelihong’. The titratable acidity (TA) and organic acids in fruits were measured at different developmental stages. There is a positive correlation between TA and citric acid content in ‘Flavor No. 3’, indicating that citric acid is the predominant organic acid present throughout the fruit development. The activities of the enzymes involved in citric acid metabolism, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), citrate synthase (CS), aconitase (ACO), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and malic enzyme (ME), were determined. Although no single enzyme was responsible for citric acid accumulation throughout the fruit development, the activities of ACO and ME were positively correlated with citric acid concentration in the two cultivars from 5 to 25 days after pollination (DAP). Moreover, ACO and ME activities in ‘Flavor No. 3’ increased over time and were higher than those in ‘Xuelihong’, resulting in citric acid accumulation in the fruits of ‘Flavor No. 3’. Although a sharp decrease in ACO activity took place after 25 DAP in the fruits of ‘Flavor No. 3’, the earlier accumulation of citric acid was sufficient enough to maintain the high acid concentration until the melon fruits became mature. 相似文献
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杨梅果实挥发油的气-质联用分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
首次对新鲜和贮藏的木叶杨梅(Myrica rubra Sieb.et Zucc.)果实挥发油(volatile oils)进行了GC-MS联用分析比较。新鲜果实挥发油分离得到58个色谱峰,从中鉴定出49种成分,占挥发油相对含量的96.03%;3~5℃贮藏5 d后的果实挥发油分离得到66个色谱峰,从中鉴定出57种成分,占挥发油相对含量的87.17%。木叶杨梅果实中因含大量单萜及倍半萜而带有浓郁的甜香、花香和木香。杨梅贮藏过程中挥发油萜类化合物种类和含量变化明显,使杨梅的香气、口感发生改变,新鲜度降低。贮藏过程中具有抗菌作用化合物的消失和含量的减少,使杨梅果实抗菌防腐能力降低。研究结果为杨梅果实的保鲜、加工和开发提供了参考依据。 相似文献