对FC株猪源性肠毒素型大肠杆菌致病因子的研究

FC菌株是一株从腹泻仔猪粪便中分离的肠毒素型大肠杆菌(Enterotoxigenic E.coli,ETEC)。在MRHA反应中,本菌能凝集人O型、豚鼠、马、绵羊、牛、鸡和兔的红细胞,对人O型和豚鼠红细胞有很高的血凝性,血抗K88和K99血清不能抑制其对豚鼠和绵羊红细胞的血凝。在体外小肠上皮细胞吸附试验中,本菌对仔猪小肠上皮细胞具有强烈的吸附作用;透射电镜和扫描电镜观察证实了FC株菌除表面具有一种纤毛样结构外,还能定居在仔猪小肠段。血清学试验结果表明,本菌的O抗原属于O101。K88和987P两种抗血清均不能凝集本菌,而K99和F41抗血清均可凝集。对纯化的FC株菌粘着素抗原作等电聚焦和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,结果表明,该菌的粘着素是由等电点分别为4.61和9.78,分子量分别为29500和17500的两种蛋白质抗原所组成。此外,用乳鼠胃内投服试验和兔肠结扎试验证明,该菌只产生热稳定肠毒素。总之,本菌是一株能产生ST的K99,F41的肠毒素型大肠杆菌。     

猪源产肠毒素大肠杆菌疫苗的研究进展

仔猪腹泻是全球集约化猪场的高发疾病之一,给养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失.产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)是导致新生仔猪和断奶仔猪腹泻的主要致病菌,菌毛黏附素和肠毒素是其重要的致病因子.接种疫苗是仔猪腹泻最有效的防治方法,然而ETEC疫苗有明显的地域局限性和安全性问题.因此,研制安全、高效且适用性广的ETEC疫苗对畜禽养殖业具...     

猪源大肠杆菌耐热肠毒素基因的分子克隆

以ＰＣＲ方法克隆得到猪源大肠杆菌ＳＴ１基因缺失ＣｏｏＨ端了后两个编码密友和终止密码的ＤＮＡ片段,并以该片段为探针,筛选了以载体ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔ构建的猪大肠力Ｐ５５质粒ＤＮＡ文库,得到插入片段约５．５ｋｂ阳性克隆,亚克隆了约０．５ｋｂ含ＳＴ基因的ＴａｑＩ酶切片段,并对该基因核苷酸序列进行了分析。应用竞争性ＥＬＩＳＡ测定了ＳＴ基因在不同启动子调控下的表达情况,在Ｔ７启动子调控下,ＳＴ基因在大肠     

国内外猪源产肠毒素大肠杆菌疫苗研究进展

仔猪腹泻是全球规模化猪场最常见的疾病之一,给养猪业带来了巨大的损失。产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）是引起仔猪腹泻的主要病原菌,黏附素和肠毒素是其重要的致病因子,ETEC通过黏附素定植于小肠上皮细胞,在增殖过程中不断产生肠毒素,引起大量水和电解质进入肠腔,导致仔猪腹泻。目前,疫苗免疫是预防ETEC最有效的方法,然而许多商品化大肠杆菌疫苗的临床免疫效果不佳,且地域局限性明显。因此,研制安全、高效、广谱的ETEC疫苗对养猪业具有重要意义。近年来,许多新型试验性ETEC疫苗被相继报道,如ETEC菌毛黏附素和肠毒素疫苗;一些新开发的疫苗,如亚单位疫苗、菌影疫苗、植物载体疫苗和囊泡疫苗等,具有不同的优势,在不同的动物试验中均表现出良好的免疫保护效果。文章简述了国内外学者在ETEC疫苗领域的研究进展,对猪源ETEC各类疫苗的优劣及应用研究情况进行了综述,以期为今后猪源ETEC疫苗的研究提供参考。     

猪源大肠杆菌fedA基因的克隆及鉴定

断奶仔猪腹泻（post—weaning diarrhea,PWD）和猪水肿病（porcine edema disease,ED）是导致仔猪死亡的重要传染性疾病。PWD和ED分别由肠毒素大肠杆菌（enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC）和志贺氏毒素大肠杆菌（verotoxigenic Escherichia coli,VTEC）引起。ETEC和VTEC等病原菌除了产生毒素外,还同时具有菌毛粘附因子。F18菌毛是病原菌主要的粘附因子,介导细菌对小肠黏膜上皮细胞表面受体的粘附,在PWD和ED的发生中起着决定性的作用,是引起疾病的主要毒力因子之一。     

猪源产肠毒素大肠杆菌三重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立一种简单、快速、灵敏、准确的产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)检测方法,根据产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌毛(K88)和毒素(STa和LT)基因分别设计合成了1对引物,对K88、STa和LT基因扩增条件进行优化,建立了检测K88、STa和LT的三重PCR方法。该方法对K88、STa和LT基因的扩增产物分别为499 bp,190 bp和373 bp;此外,该方法具有良好的灵敏性和特异性。本实验建立的三重PCR方法为致幼畜腹泻ETEC的检测提供了快速准确方法。用所建立的三重PCR方法对实验室从临床腹泻样品中分离的120株大肠杆菌进行检测,结果 9株为K88/LT/STa阳性,14株为K88/LT阳性,21株K88/STa阳性,13株LT/STa阳性,8株K88阳性,2株LT阳性,12株STa阳性。     

产肠毒素大肠杆菌双重PCR检测方法的建立

为了快速检测和鉴定产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌毛(K88和K99)基因,本研究设计合成了针对K88、K99的2对特异性引物,对扩增条件进行优化,建立了检测K88和K99的双重PCR方法。该方法对K88、K99基因的扩增产物大小分别为237和314 bp;最终确定dNTP终浓度0.4 mmol/L,K88、K99的引物终浓度均为25 μmol/L,退火温度为52℃。试验结果表明,该方法具有良好的灵敏性和特异性。用所建立的双重PCR方法对实验室分离的23株大肠杆菌进行检测,结果显示,K88单重PCR阳性2株,K99单重PCR阳性3株,K88和K99双重PCR阳性5株。本研究建立的双重PCR检测方法为致幼畜腹泻产肠毒素大肠杆菌的快速准确检测提供了方法。     

牛产肠毒素大肠杆菌毒力因子多重PCR检测方法的建立

通过多重PCR扩增产肠毒素大肠杆菌（enterotoxigentic E.coli，ETEC）的毒力因子F41菌毛、K99菌毛和STa肠毒素的编码基因来检测和鉴定ETEC。试验中对影响PCR扩增的dNTP、Mg^2＋、引物浓度以及退火温度等因素进行优化，在优化条件的基础上，确定多重PCR的特异性和灵敏性，以此建立同时检测ETEC多个毒力因子的多重PCR方法。用该方法对分离于犊牛腹泻和犊牛肠毒血症的7株大肠杆菌进行检测，结果2株为F41、K99和STa阳性，4株为F41、STa阳性，1株为K99STa阳性。这与玻片凝集试验检测菌毛的结果一致。试验表明，该方法特异性强、敏感性高、简便、快速，适用于临床鉴定和检测牛ETEC菌株。     

产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌毛的DNA疫苗研究进展

肠毒素大肠杆菌是导致婴幼儿及旅游者急性腹泻,仔猪腹泻和水肿的主要病原菌之一。菌毛定居因子是该病原菌主要的致病因素。DNA疫苗既能激发机体的细胞免疫,也能诱导特异性的体液免疫。目前用于预防ETEC腹泻的DNA疫苗的研究已取得一定进展,作者从重组质粒的构建、免疫应答、疫苗的接种系统以及基因佐剂4个方面简单的概述了产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌毛的DNA疫苗的研究现状。     

产肠毒素大肠杆菌多重PCR检测方法的建立

为快速检测和鉴定产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)菌毛(K88和K99)和毒素(STa)基因,本研究设计合成了针对K88、K99和STa基因的3对特异性引物,对K88、K99和STa基因扩增条件进行优化,建立了检测K88、K99和STa的多重PCR方法.该方法对Kss、K99和STa基因的扩增产物分别为237 bp,314 bp和166 bp;此外,该方法具有良好的灵敏性和特异性.本实验建立的多重PCR方法为致幼畜腹泻ETEC的检测提供了快速准确方法.用所建立的多重PCR方法对实验室分离的23株大肠杆菌进行检测,结果2株为K99/STa阳性,1株为STa阳性.     

Prevalence of the enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 gene and its relationship with fimbrial and enterotoxin genes in E. coli isolated from diarrheic piglets.

A total of 720 Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic piglets on 756 swine farms were screened for the presence of the enteroaggregative E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1) gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Escherichia coli strains that carried EAST1 genes were also tested by PCR for the presence of 4 fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F41), 2 heat-stable enterotoxins (STa and STb), and 1 heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) gene. One hundred sixty-four (22.7%) of the 720 E. coli isolates carried genes for EAST1. Of these 164 isolates, 62 (37.8%) carried EAST1 genes only, 11 (6.7%) carried genes for at least 1 of the fimbrial adhesins, 51 (31.1%) carried genes for at least 1 of the enterotoxins, and 40 (23.8%) carried genes for at least 1 of the fimbrial adhesins and enterotoxins. Forty-six percent of strains that carried EAST1 genes carried STa genes, and 16% of strains that carried EAST1 genes carried F4. The isolation rate of enterotoxigenic E. coli strains carrying genes for EAST1 gene was 63%. The 6 major genotypes observed in this study (in decreasing order) were EAST1+, EAST1+STa+, EAST1+STa+STb+, EAST1+STa+F5+, EAST1+STa+F4+, and EAST1+STb+F4+. EAST1 is widely prevalent among diarrheagenic strains of E. coli and may represent an important virulence determinant in the pathogenesis of enteric colibacillosis of preweaned pigs.     

Comparative prevalence of four enterotoxin genes among Escherichia coli isolated from swine

Presence of Escherichia coli enterotoxin genes LT (heat-labile enterotoxin), STaP (heat-stable enterotoxin a, porcine genotype), STaH (heat-stable enterotoxin a, human genotype), and STb (heat-stable enterotoxin b) among 874 swine isolates of E coli was determined, using DNA probes and the DNA colony hybridization technique. Of the 874 isolates evaluated, 45% hybridized with at least one of the enterotoxin gene probes and were designated as enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC). Eighty-five percent of the ETEC were from pigs with enteric colibacillosis. The remaining 15% were from pigs with edema disease or various other diseases, and from healthy swine. Seventy-four percent of the ETEC hybridized with the STb probe, 52% with STaP, and 31% with LT; ETEC did not hybridize with the STaH probe. Most of the ETEC hybridized with more than one enterotoxin gene probe. Isolates that hybridized with the LT probe also hybridized with STb. The most prevalent gene combination was LT-STb. However, 35% of the ETEC from neonatal (less than or equal to 1 week old) swine with enteric colibacillosis were of the STaP-only genotype, and 33% of the ETEC from older swine with enteric colibacillosis were of the STb-only genotype.     

Detection of the enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1) gene and its relationship with fimbrial and enterotoxin markers in E. coli isolates from pigs with diarrhoea

The presence of the astA gene responsible for production of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1) was examined in E. coli strains isolated from pigs with postweaning diarrhoea. Two hundred and seven isolates were tested using PCR for the astA marker and for heat-labile I (LTI), heat-stable I (STI), and heat-stable II (STII) enterotoxin genes. Moreover, the isolates were also analysed for their serotypes (O and K antigens) as well as for fimbrial adhesins using agglutination methods. It was shown that 96 (46.4%) of the isolates possessed the astA genetic determinant. The most common EAST1-positive E. coli serotype was O149:K91 and these strains were mostly LTI/STII-positive. A close correlation between the presence of F4 fimbriae and the EAST1 gene was also observed: 88 of 96 (91.7%) astA(+) isolates tested possessed the F4 antigen. Thus, EAST1 enterotoxin may represent an additional virulence determinant playing a role in the pathogenesis of porcine colibacillosis.     

表达无毒性大肠杆菌ST1-LTB融合蛋白基因工程菌株的构建

利用基因突变技术，将形成ST1分子内二硫键的半胱氨酸碱基进行突变，使ST1失去本身毒性，进而将其与含有LTB基因的pET-28b( )连接，转化至受体菌BL21(DE3)，重组菌株BL21(DE3)(pXST3LTB)经IPTG诱导后，其表达产物免疫的小鼠能够抵抗大肠杆菌强毒菌的攻击并且消除了ST1的毒性，表明构建的工程菌株BL21(DE3)(pXST3LTB)可作为预防幼畜大肠杆菌性腹泻基因工程菌苗的候选菌株。     

猪源多重耐药大肠杆菌中整合子的检测

为了解猪源多重耐药大肠杆菌中整合子的流行状况和分子特性,分析整合子在细菌多重耐药中的作用,采用PCR方法检测75株多重耐药大肠杆菌中整合酶基因和整合子基因盒。结果显示,猪源大肠杆菌Ⅰ型整合子流行普遍,75株猪源大肠杆菌中检出Ⅰ类整合子56株,检出率为74.7%;检出Ⅱ类整合子4株,检出率5.3%;未检出Ⅲ类整合子。共检出5种Ⅰ型整合子,各种Ⅰ型整合子整合不同种类、不同数目的耐药基因盒。这表明Ⅰ型整合子对细菌多重抗药性的产生和传播起着重要作用,整合子是介导细菌多重耐药性的重要分子机制。     

Effects of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin, atropine, clonidine, and morphine on chloride efflux from isolated enterocytes

The effects of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) on chloride efflux rate were investigated in 3 fractions of enterocytes isolated in a villus-to-crypt gradient from porcine jejunum. There was no difference in chloride efflux rates between mature and immature cells from controls. Heat-stable enterotoxin significantly increased chloride efflux in all fractions. Morphine inhibited ST-augmented secretion in mature enterocytes. Atropine or clonidine had no effect. Calcium efflux rates and glucose or glutamic acid metabolism were not altered by ST. The results indicate that ST may stimulate chloride secretion in both villus and crypt cells and that opiates inhibit intestinal secretion by a direct action on villus epithelial cells.     

猪源大肠杆菌药敏试验结果与分析

大肠杆菌在猪场是一个伺机而动的沉默杀手,得到机会就会毫不犹豫地出手.江苏省农业科学院兽医诊断检测中心在2020年对猪源大肠杆菌分离菌株的药敏试验结果显示:分离菌株对猪场常用药物阿莫西林和氟苯尼考完全耐药,而磷霉素和丁胺卡那的敏感率较高.在"禁抗"时代,对大肠杆菌病的防控是摆在猪场面前的一个重要挑战.     

Detection with nonradioactively labeled probes of the toxin genes of different E. coli pathotypes from swine]

We tested hemolytic E. coli from 86 pigs with edema disease or colidiarrhea. They were tested serologically and with nonradioactive digoxigenin-dUTP labelled probes for the presence of enterotoxin or Shiga-like-toxin genes. By slide-agglutination we detected 38 cases with E. coli O149:K88, 28 with E. coli O139:82B and 20 with E. coli O141. E. coli of serogroup O149:K88 isolated from diarrheic pigs, reacted with the probes for LT and STb genes. Edema disease E. coli O139:82B reacted with the SLTII probe. E. coli O141, isolated from colidiarrhea or edema disease showed a diversity of toxin gene patterns. All the E. coli O141 from diarrheic pigs reacted with the probes for LT and STap in addition to SLTII. No strains isolated from pigs with edema disease possessed any of these enterotoxin genes. Gene probe technique confirmed the serological method as useful tool for diagnosing E. coli O149:K88 and O139:82B as ETEC or VTEC, respectively. On the other hand only the demonstration of toxin genes with probes could explain the pathological findings in the pigs shedding E. coli of serogroup O141.