共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
我国林业有害植物危害现状及防控对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对外来入侵有害植物发生与危害概况、正确认识有害植物的入侵问题、如何防控外来有害植物入侵和当前外来林业有害植物防控对策等4个方面进行论述,为今后做好外来林业有害植物防控工作提供了决策参考. 相似文献
5.
南岳外来有害植物红花酢浆草的入侵风险评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
参照国内外专家对有害生物风险分析的方法,结合南岳外来有害植物的特点,初步探讨适应于南岳外来有害植物风险评价的定量分析方法,并采用该方法分析红花酢浆草在南岳的入侵风险,结果表明,红花酢浆草的风险值R为1.94,属中度至高度风险之间的植物;提出相关管理建议。 相似文献
6.
悬铃木方翅网蝽在山西的风险评估及防控措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
悬铃木方翅网蝽是新入侵我国的有害生物,具有较强的扩散能力,严重危害悬铃木等园林植物,被增列入我国林业危险性有害生物名单。笔者通过有害生物危险性分析指标体系,对悬铃木方翅网蝽在山西的风险性进行了定性和定量分析,得出悬铃木方翅网蝽的风险值R=1.08.评价结果表明,悬铃木方翅网蝽在山西省属于低度危险的林业有害生物。最后,从加强检疫、加强对监测和预警技术的研究、加强疫区防治、加强检查与防护4方面提出了悬铃木方翅网蝽的防控措施。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
湖北省外来入侵植物研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过实地调查和查阅文献,研究了湖北省外来入侵植物的种类、原产地、生活型等。结果表明:当前湖北省共有外来入侵植物114种,隶属于28科,其中,在外来入侵植物中,菊科最多(34种),占总数的29.8%;豆科次之(14种);禾本科排第3位(11种)。从入侵湖北省的外来入侵植物总体构成来看,以来自美洲的外来植物种类最多(66种),占57.9%,其次为欧洲(29种),占25.4%,亚洲和非洲较少。笔者还对湖北省外来植物的入侵现状进行了讨论。 相似文献
10.
1林业有害植物的特点
植物一般为人侵种,入侵种的确定主要参考Schwartz的9条标准,但也有例外。我国确定入侵种的标准也不统一,常用的标准是:借助人类活动越过不能自然逾越的空间障碍而入境;能在当地自然或人为生态系统中定居,并可自行繁殖和扩散;对当地生态系统和景观造成明显的影响,损害我国的生物多样性。对比以往的研究成果发现,国家林业局公布的24种林业有害植物有以下特点: 相似文献
11.
酶法提取葛根渣中异黄酮的研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
葛粉提取后形成的葛根渣含有活性成分异黄酮,将葛根渣的酶法预处理与乙醇抽提工艺相结合,可使异黄酮的提取率明显提高。以10 g葛根渣为原料,当纤维素酶用量为10 FPIU(以每克葛根渣计,下同),处理12 h后,总异黄酮得率可增至1.14%,为常规醇提法的1.36倍;在木聚糖酶用量为300 IU的条件下,处理6 h后,总异黄酮得率1.28%,为常规醇提法的1.52倍。纤维素酶和木聚糖酶之间存在着协同作用:每克葛根渣采用300 IU的木聚糖酶和7.5 FPIU的纤维素酶协同处理6 h后,总异黄酮得率可达1.38%,为常规醇提法的1.64倍。 相似文献
12.
以葛根为原料,以葛根素为主要评价指标,研究了葛根中各主要活性成分的含量、葛根黄酮的制备、葛根黄酮饮品的稳定性及极端条件的破坏性、葛根黄酮饮品口感及感官指标、葛根黄酮饮品生产工艺等。结果表明:与泰国葛根、粉葛等相比,湘葛一号葛根中葛根素等活性成分含量明显较高。不同浓度乙醇提取葛根总黄酮,以65%乙醇提取效果最好。湘葛一号天然葛根饮品的制备过程中,低浓度(21.6 mg/500 mL)、中浓度(216 mg/500 mL)饮品在不同温度条件下的葛根黄酮均无明显变化,含量稳定;高浓度(360 mg/500 mL)饮品葛根黄酮含量均有不同程度减少,稳定性稍差;中、高浓度饮品葛根黄酮高温易氧化变色,低温易沉淀析出,故低浓度饮品稳定性最佳。在各浓度葛根饮品中,每500 mL含葛根素100 mg及以下的葛根饮品颜色透明清亮;每500 mL含葛根素2.16 mg等低浓度的饮品与纯净水无明显口感差异,21.6 mg级别的饮品口感微苦,并有一种清凉感,适合饮用。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
16.
采用乡土植物、地带性植物优先原则,物种多样性原则进行恢复植物物种选择,同时结合植物群落的演替理论、植物种群的生态位理论、植被恢复的美学理论等对其恢复植物进行组合设计,提出了新河高速公路路域边坡及相似类型的裸露边坡地区在植被恢复中可供选择利用的5种植物组合:①苦楝(或香樟)+美丽胡枝子+葛藤+坡柳+狗牙根组合;②山黄麻+清香木+含羞草+皱叶狗尾草+地果+牛筋草组合:③黄金间碧玉+棕叶芦+椭圆叶木蓝+皱叶狗尾草+掌叶鱼黄草+竹节草组合;④五节芒+绢毛木蓝+委陵菜(或草玉梅)+稗+密花葛(或粉葛、苦葛)+山麦冬组合;⑤羊蹄甲(或苹婆)+香花崖豆藤(或多花崖爬藤)+地果+积雪草(或杠板归)组合。 相似文献
17.
Leaf-lamina resistance, R(L), accounts for a large fraction of branch resistance across a wide range of plant species. This work hypothesized that large R(L) is essential for distributing water equally to leaves on the shoot, and tested this hypothesis through theoretical analyses and measurements using over 10-m-long current-year shoots of kudzu vine, Pueraria lobata [Willd.] Ohwi. First, the hydraulic architecture and the distribution of the motive force achieving equal distribution of water delivery were theoretically obtained by simulating water flow through a hypothetical shoot comprising an axial pathway and several lateral pathways as a stem and leaves, respectively, in a kudzu-vine shoot. The model predicts that large resistance of the lateral pathway relative to that of the axial pathway is associated strongly with small variation in the hydraulic conductance of a pathway from the base of the axial pathways to the lateral pathway among the nodes, rendering water delivery to each lateral pathway equal under small variation in motive force for water flow. For the kudzu-vine shoot, the measured ratio of the lateral (a petiole) to the axial (a stem) resistance was 115. When R(L) was added to the lateral pathway, the ratio increased to 1136. According to the model prediction, these values imply that the hydraulic conductance of a pathway comprising a stem and a petiole, K(BP), is favored strongly at the basal nodes, while the hydraulic conductance of a pathway including a stem, a petiole and a lamina, K(SL), is slightly different across the nodes. For the shoots with leaf lamina, the diurnal change in transpiration rate was not different between the leaves on the three nodes dividing the shoot into four parts. K(SL) was not related significantly to node number. Conversely, K(BP) at the distal node was ~0.06-fold that at the basal node. Furthermore, the motive force for water flow should vary by 6.64-fold among nodes to compensate for the favored distribution of K(BP), which is an unrealistic value. These results indicate that R(L) contributes largely to an equal distribution of water delivery in a shoot, supporting our hypothesis. 相似文献
18.
Neo C MOKGOLODI 《中国林学(英文版)》2011,13(1):57-63
In order to identify the relationship between diurnal changes in the net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of Pueraria lobata and environmental factors,diurnal changes in the Pn of leaves of two P.lobata cultivars were measured using a CIRAS-1 portable photosynthesis measurement system(PP-Systems,UK).The results show that diurnal changes in Pn of both cultivars could be interpreted as double-peak curves,indicating the occurrence of an obvious midday depression.Further analyses indicate that the correlation between Pn and stomatal conductance was positive and extremely significant(p 0.01).The correlations of Pn with intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate were positive and significant(p 0.05),while the correlations of Pn with air and leaf temperatures were negative and significant(p 0.05).The results indicate that among the factors affecting photosynthetic properties,some can be grouped as stomatal limitations while others are non-stomatal limitations. 相似文献