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神农架东方蜜蜂的形态特征研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
该研究通过测定神农架6个不同采样点的6群东方蜜蜂,每群15只工蜂,每只蜜蜂样共38个形态特征,并结测定的性状特征数据进行因素分析、集合分析和区辨分析;形态性状与生态环境因子相关性分析:并与周边省份东方蜜蜂的相关数据进行比较.发现,神农架蜜蜂种群内遗传变异丰富,种群中许多形态性状特征表现出较明显的地理变异性;蜜蜂个体增大、体色变深,具体是前翅长、前翅宽、背板3、4宽;后腿长、蜡镜长、蜡镜宽、蜡镜间距、腹片3、6的长和宽逐渐增加;而背板3、4的色素度、小盾片的色素度逐渐加深.神农架东方蜜蜂种群形态性状的多态性、多型性及其生态地理变异式样,均具有生态适应意义. 相似文献
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甘肃东方蜜蜂的形态特征研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过测定甘肃2个不同样点的4群东方蜜蜂发现,甘肃蜜蜂种群内遗传变异丰富,种群中许多形态性状特征表现出较明显的地理变异性;蜜蜂个体增大、体色变深,具体是:前翅长、前翅宽、背板3,4宽;后腿长、蜡镜长、蜡镜宽、蜡镜间距、腹片3,6的长和宽逐渐增加;背板3,4、小盾片的色素度逐渐加深。这些均具有生态适应意义。 相似文献
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陇南东方蜜蜂的分类地位 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该研究通过测定甘肃陇南地区的岷县、临潭县,甘肃陇东地区的天水、四川西北部阿坝州的九寨沟8个不同样点的16群东方蜜蜂,每群15只工蜂,每只蜜蜂样共38个形态特征,测定的性状特征的数据进行因素分析,集合分析和区辨分析,并就这些数据进行ANOVA比较,发现:甘肃陇南地区的蜜蜂种群中许多形态性状特征比较特别:蜜蜂个体最大、体色最深,具体是:前翅长、前翅宽、背板3、4宽;后腿长、蜡镜长、蜡镜宽、蜡镜间距、腹片3、6的长和宽在目前收集的东方蜜蜂数据库里均为最大值,与天水、四川九寨沟的东方蜜蜂有很明显的差异(P<0.005);背板3、4的色素度、小盾片的色素度很深,与周边省份和亚洲其它国家的东方蜜蜂的相关数据进行比较,初步结论是陇南地区的东方蜜蜂应属于一个新的类群或亚种. 相似文献
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通过测定皖南山区5个不同采样点的15群中华蜜蜂,每群15只工蜂,每只蜜蜂样共8个形态特征,结合测定的性状特征数据进行差异显著性检验,发现形态特征存在差异,其中喙长、右前翅长、第三节背板宽、第三节背板颜色、第四节背板宽、第四节背板颜色差异显著;皖南中蜂种群内遗传变异丰富,种群中许多形态性状特征表现出较明显的地理变异性.皖南山区中华蜜蜂的前翅长与宽均较大,说明皖南中蜂飞翔能力强,采集能力强.第3 4背板长也较大,而背板长可以反映出蜜囊的的大小,蜜囊越大,贮存花蜜越多,蜂群进蜜就越快.从形态上说明皖南中蜂是较理想的蜜蜂品种. 相似文献
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云南东方蜜蜂形态特征与环境因子相关性的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
云南东方蜜蜂种群内遗传变异丰富 ,每个形态性状特征均具有丰富的多态性 ,种群间具多型性 ,且种群中许多形态性状特征表现出较明显的地理变异性[1~ 3 ] 。从滇南 -滇中 -滇西北 ,随纬度或海拔的增加 ,形态特征变异的总趋势是 :蜜蜂个体增大、体色变深。具体是 :1.前翅长、宽 ,背板 3、 4宽 ;2 .后腿长 ,蜡镜长、宽 ,蜡镜间距 ,腹片 3、 6的长和宽逐渐增加 ;3.背板 3、 4的色素度 ,小盾片的色素度逐渐加深。云南东方蜜蜂种群形态性状的多态性、多型性及其生态地理变异式样 ,均具有生态适应意义 :与云南东方蜜蜂分布区的气候特点相适应 ,而且还与海拔高度和纬度的变化有着密切的适应关系 相似文献
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选择浙江省12个样点36群中华蜜蜂样本,每群随机抽取15只工蜂,每只工蜂测定27项形态特征指标。利用SPSS16.0对形态特征数据进行因素分析、聚类分析和变异分析。结果表明:浙江省境内的中华蜜蜂存在较大的形态差异及种群分化。因素分析结果提取3个特征值高(>3)的因素,包括了63.798%的变异。利用提取的主因子进行聚类分析,分为4个类群:永康、义乌、金华、杭州和丽水的样本为第1类;长兴、黄岩、慈溪的样本为第2类;江山、嵊州和舟山的样本为第3类;苍南的样本与其他地区样本的遗传距离最远,单独为一类。变异分析结果显示:浙江省12个样点中华蜜蜂除后翅钩数样点间差异不显著(P>0.05)外,其余26项形态指标样点间差异较大。其中,舟山中华蜜蜂的翅长、翅宽、第3、4背板总长、第4、7腹板总长及腿相关4项指标平均值最大,与其余地区中华蜜蜂形态差异性较大;苍南中华蜜蜂的蜡镜长、蜡镜间距离和蜡镜斜长指标均值最大,与其它地区中华蜜蜂形态差异显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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【目的】本实验选取云南6个东方蜜蜂群体工蜂进行形态指标比较分析,以研究其形态指标的差异显著性及相关性。【方法】分别对所选样本的吻长、右前翅长与宽、翅面积、肘脉指数、第3与4背板总长等指标进行测定,并对所得数据进行统计分析。【结果】6个东方蜜蜂群体之间在形态指标上存在显著或极显著差异(P0.05或P0.01),云南东方蜜蜂形态指标存在丰富的遗传多样性。【结论】通过对形态指标相关性分析表明6个东方蜜蜂种群的翅长、翅宽、翅面积与第3、4背板总长均有极显著相关(P0.01)。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献