陆川猪PTTG1基因克隆及序列分析

试验旨在克隆陆川猪PTTG1基因全长CDS序列并对其进行生物信息学分析。利用GenBank公布的猪PTTG1预测序列设计引物,用RT-PCR扩增得到目的基因片段,并用生物信息学软件分析和预测了陆川猪PTTG1基因的理化性质与二级结构。结果表明,陆川猪PTTG1基因全长CDS序列为609 bp,编码202个氨基酸;其核苷酸序列与牛、黑猩猩、人、猕猴、大鼠、小鼠、原鸡和斑马鱼相对应序列同源性分别为90.15%、87.85%、87.52%、87.03%、76.03%、74.38%、55.74%和44.48%;PTTG1基因编码的蛋白无信号肽,属于亲水性蛋白,主要存在于细胞质中,存在16个磷酸化位点。氨基酸系统进化树分析表明,不同物种PTTG1基因在进化过程中具有高度保守性。本研究成功克隆了陆川猪PTTG1基因,为今后研究PTTG1基因在猪早期胚胎发育过程中的作用奠定理论基础。     

陆川猪脂酰辅酶A氧化酶1基因克隆及序列分析

本研究旨在对陆川猪脂酰辅酶A氧化酶1（acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1,ACOX1）基因进行克隆及生物信息学分析。根据GenBank中猪ACOX1基因序列设计特异性引物,利用RT-PCR技术对陆川猪ACOX1基因进行克隆、测序和生物信息学分析。结果表明,陆川猪ACOX1基因CDS全长1 986 bp,编码661个氨基酸,陆川猪ACOX1基因与猪、牛、人、斑马鱼、鸡、猕猴、大鼠、小鼠、爪蟾序列同源性分别为99.5%、85.5%、87.1%、66.3%、75.6%、84.0%、82.3%、81.1%和69.1%。系统进化树分析结果表明,ACOX1基因在不同物种及进化的过程中具有高度保守性,蛋白质二级结构预测结果表明,陆川猪ACOX1蛋白没有信号肽,没有形成跨膜结构。本研究成功克隆了陆川猪ACOX1基因,为阐明其在陆川猪脂肪沉积及代谢方面的调控研究奠定了理论基础。     

陆川猪黑皮质激素受体4基因克隆及序列分析

试验旨在对陆川猪黑皮质激素受体4（melanocortin-4 receptor,MC4R）基因进行克隆及相关信息学分析。通过提取陆川猪背最长肌总RNA,采用RT-PCR、克隆等方法获得含目的基因MC4R的质粒pMD18-T-MC4R,经菌落PCR和测序鉴定正确后,应用相关生物信息学软件对陆川猪MC4R基因的理化性质、蛋白质的结构、修饰结构和亚细胞定位等进行预测分析。结果表明,MC4R基因CDS区长999 bp,编码332个氨基酸,与NCBI上公布的野猪MC4R基因序列中的CDS区存在4个碱基差异,其中175和906 bp处为同义突变,110和278 bp处为错义突变,分别引起第37位谷氨酸变为甘氨酸和第93位缬氨酸变为丙氨酸。同源性比对结果发现,MC4R基因在不同物种及进化的过程中具有较高的保守性。陆川猪MC4R蛋白有明显的疏水区域,不存在信号肽,但有7个跨膜结构域,其编码蛋白的二级结构元件有α-螺旋、延伸链、β-转角和无规则卷曲。修饰结构预测表明,MC4R蛋白存在多处N糖基化位点,但无O糖基化位点,可能主要分布于内质网和囊泡。本研究成功克隆了陆川猪MC4R基因,为更好地开发利用地方品种陆川猪及其繁育奠定理论基础。     

陆川猪Occludin基因克隆及生物信息学分析

本试验旨在获得陆川猪Occludin基因的编码区（CDS）序列,并对其进行生物信息学分析。根据GenBank中公布的猪Occludin基因序列（登录号：NM_001163647.2）设计1对特异性引物,采集健康陆川猪的回肠组织提取总RNA并反转录成cDNA,以cDNA作为模板进行RT-PCR扩增并获得目的基因片段,将其插入pMD18-T载体,筛选阳性克隆菌测序正确后并利用生物信息学软件对所获序列进行分析。结果表明,试验成功克隆获得陆川猪Occludin基因CDS,长度为1 569 bp,共编码522个氨基酸。序列比对结果显示,陆川猪Occludin基因与参考序列的同源性为99.7%,存在3个差异位点,其中第16 bp处C→T为错义突变,引起第6位的亮氨酸变成苯丙氨酸;第1 059 bp处A→G和第1 218 bp处C→T均为同义突变,该错义突变位点可能是陆川猪肠道屏障功能与其他猪种不同的原因。同源性比对结果显示,陆川猪Occludin基因与小鼠、牛、人、果蝇、猕猴和犬的同源性分别为83.8%、89.5%、88.1%、84.1%、88.3%和86.6%。系统进化树分析发现,陆川猪与牛的遗传距离最近,与犬的遗传距离最远。Occludin蛋白分子质量为59.13 ku,氨基酸组成中丝氨酸含量较高（9.2%）,在肽链N端为Met,Occludin蛋白在水溶液中280 nm消光系数为96 415,不稳定指数为62.85,属于不稳定蛋白。疏水性分析结果表明,Occludin蛋白是亲水性蛋白。陆川猪Occludin蛋白存在5个跨膜螺旋区,不存在信号肽,包含2个超家族结构域：MARVEL超家族结构域和Occludin-ELL超家族结构域。二级结构预测结果显示,陆川猪Occludin蛋白中α-螺旋、延伸链及无规则卷曲分别占41.00%、5.36%和53.64%,三级结构与二级结构相一致。本试验成功克隆了陆川猪Occludin基因CDS并进行了生物信息学分析,为深入探讨Occludin基因对地方猪种肠道屏障功能的影响提供参考。     

猪磷酸酪氨酸互作结构域1基因的融合表达及其多克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

本文旨在通过原核表达获得猪磷酸酪氨酸互作结构域1(p PID1)重组蛋白,并制备p PID1多克隆抗体。将p PID1基因插入p ET28a(+),构建重组p ET28a(+)-p PID1大肠杆菌表达质粒,然后将重组质粒p ET28a(+)-p PID1转化到大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞中,获得的重组子以不同异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)浓度、温度和时间诱导,确定p PID1融合蛋白表达的最适条件。将表达产物经镍离子-亚氨基二乙酸(Ni2+-IDA)亲和层析纯化后进行基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MSMS)鉴定。同时,将纯化获得的p PID1融合蛋白免疫SD大鼠,制备p PID1多克隆抗体,并检测抗体效价。结果表明:p PID1融合蛋白表达的最佳条件为30℃以0.1 mmol/L IPTG诱导4 h;纯化的融合蛋白经MALDI-TOF-MSMS鉴定为p PID1;特异性的p PID1多克隆抗体成功制备,抗体效价为1∶20 480。本试验成功制备了高纯度的重组p PID1及其多克隆抗体。     

白洗猪PID1基因克隆及序列分析

本研究旨在对白洗猪磷酸酪氨酸互作结构域1 (phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1,PID1)基因进行克隆和生物信息学分析。采用Nest PCR及T克隆技术对白洗猪PID1基因进行克隆测序,运用生物学分析软件分析其结构功能及其在种内及种间的遗传进化关系。结果表明,白洗猪PID1基因CDS区全长654 bp,编码217个氨基酸,白洗猪与山东莱芜猪、广西陆川猪PID1蛋白氨基酸同源性为98.2%与97.7%;进化树分析结果表明白洗猪与两个猪种间遗传关系相对较远,种间比对黄牛、牦牛、猕猴、小鼠、眼镜王蛇、人、原鸡、非洲爪蟾、大鼠和斑马鱼PID1蛋白氨基酸同源性依次为96.6%、96.6%、96.3%、95.0%、93.9%、91.7%、90.8%、88.2%、69.7%和67.3%;系统进化树分析表明PID1基因在多物种之间的进化高度保守,结构功能分析表明白洗猪PID1基因功能区主要是编码链氨基酸C端的PTB结构域。本研究成功克隆了白洗猪PID1基因,为探究其对白洗猪肌内脂肪沉积方面的影响及为白洗猪种资源开发利用奠定理论基础。     

猪ROCK1基因克隆、序列分析及时空表达研究

为进一步获得猪肉质性状候选基因Rho相关激酶1（Rho-associated,coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1,ROCK1）的序列特征、生物学功能及时空表达规律等信息,本研究通过PCR、SMARTer RACE PCR的方法克隆了猪ROCK1基因,应用生物信息学方法分析该基因的蛋白质序列在不同物种中的进化关系,并采用RT-PCR和实时荧光定量PCR的方法检测其在不同组织和不同猪种背最长肌不同发育阶段的表达。结果显示,ROCK1基因有2个转录本,包含4 065 bp的开放阅读框（ORF）,编码1 354个氨基酸;猪ROCK1基因ORF序列与人、小鼠和大鼠的ORF序列的同源性分别为95%、91%和91%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性分别为98%、96%和94%,该蛋白在不同物种间高度保守;ROCK1基因的组织分布较广泛,不同发育阶段在同一组织中的表达会发生变化;胚胎期ROCK1基因在梅山猪背最长肌中的表达极显著高于大白猪（P < 0.01）,出生后ROCK1基因在2个猪种背最长肌中的表达无显著差异（P > 0.05）。本试验结果为研究ROCK1基因在猪骨骼肌发育中的生物学功能及其分子机制奠定基础。     

陆川猪MC1R和KIT基因型鉴定

为了检测陆川猪种群的纯度,本研究以4个华南地方猪种（莆田黑猪、粤东黑猪、大花白猪、巴马香猪）和3个外来猪种（杜洛克猪、大白猪、长白猪）作为对照,利用PCR测序法对陆川猪群体56个样本的MC1R和KIT基因进行基因型鉴定。测序结果表明,大白猪和长白猪KIT基因内含子17的第1个碱基发生G>A剪接突变,而陆川猪和4个华南地方猪种,以及杜洛克猪中KIT基因型一样,均为野生型的GG基因型;MC1R基因编码区分析表明,以海南野猪MC1R基因型作为参考序列,陆川猪和4个华南地方猪种在MC1R基因编码区存在95Val > Met和102Leu > Pro两个错义突变;MC1R基因非编码区分析表明,与大白猪、长白猪和杜洛克猪相比,陆川猪和4个华南地方猪种MC1R基因的5'UTR分别存在5~6个SNPs,3'UTR存在1个A碱基的缺失。另外,试验对一窝毛色异常的陆川猪仔猪及其亲本的KIT和MC1R基因进行测序分析,结果表明,仔猪及其亲本的KIT基因型均为GG野生型,仔猪和母本的MC1R基因均存在E^D1和E^p两种不同的基因型,父本的MC1R基因型为E^D1,因E^p对应于皮特兰猪的斑块表型,所以初步判定母本渗入了外来猪种的血统。本研究通过检测陆川猪等8个猪种的毛色相关基因KIT和MC1R基因的基因型,证实了中外猪种间在毛色遗传上的分子差异,为今后深入研究猪毛色遗传的分子调控机理提供参考。     

广西陆川猪肺炎支原体P46基因克隆及序列分析

In order to understand the sequence characteristics, basic structure and genetic variation of P46 gene which was the main immunogenic surface membrane protein gene of local prevalent Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) strains in Guangxi Luchuan pig.The Mhp P46 gene in positive diseased swine samples which were collected from the purebred Luchuan pig farms in Guangxi from 2011 to 2013 was amplified using PCR,and then cloned into pMD18-T vector and transformed into E.coli DH5α.We chose the positive clones and sequenced.We amplified P46 genes of four positive strains (GXLC1,GXLC2,GXLC3 and GXLC4).Use the DNAStar software to analyse the cloned sequence.The results showed that P46 gene sequence was 1104 bp coding 368 amino acids.The sequence included three Trps coded by TGA codons which weren’t termination codons and one Arg coded by CGG codons which weren’t nonsense code.The homologies of nucleotide sequences of 4 strains were 98.4% to 99.4%,and the homologies of deduced amino acid sequences were 98.6% to 99.5% with these sequences of standard J strain,232 strain,7448 strain and 168 strain.The P46 genes of these strains had highly conservation because of the high-level homologies.     

水牛LPIN1基因克隆及序列分析

试验旨在克隆获得水牛脂素1（LPIN1）基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析,为揭示该基因在水牛脂肪沉积、生殖发育和泌乳调控中的作用奠定基础。本研究以水牛卵巢组织cDNA为模板,PCR扩增获得了LPIN1基因CDS区全长后测序,并结合生物信息学分析方法预测及分析蛋白质理化性质、二级结构及三级结构等。结果表明,水牛LPIN1基因编码区长2 793 bp,编码930个氨基酸。MegAlign软件分析显示,水牛LPIN1基因核苷酸序列与水牛（预测）、牦牛、黄牛、山羊、藏羚羊、绵羊、猪、骆驼、人和小鼠LPIN1基因的同源性分别为99.6%、97.9%、97.7%、97.5%、97.4%、97.1%、89.9%、89.8%、86.2%和83.5%;水牛lipin1蛋白氨基酸序列与黄牛、牦牛、山羊、藏羚羊、骆驼、猪及人的同源性分别为99%、99%、99%、99%、94%、94%及90%。应用Mega 5.0软件构建系统进化树发现,水牛与黄牛的亲缘关系最近,其次为绵羊和山羊,LPIN1基因在不同物种及进化的过程中具有高度保守性。对lipin1蛋白分析发现,其二级结构由α-螺旋、β-折叠、T-转角和无规则卷曲组成;蛋白呈弱酸性,无信号肽,亚细胞主要定位于细胞核中,存在Lipin_N、LNS2和AF1Q等结构域,其中Lipin_N、LNS2为保守结构域。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of ACOX1 Gene in Luchuan Pig

The objective of this study was to clone the acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) gene of Luchuan pig and analyze its genetic structure with bioinformatics. A pair of special primer was designed according to predicted sequence of pig ACOX1 gene in GenBank. The ACOX1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR, the physicochemical property and secondary structure of ACOX1 gene were systemically analyzed by bioinformatics techniques. The results showed that ACOX1 gene fragment included an 1 986 bp whole length CDS (coding 661 bp amino acids). The sequence multi-aligned results showed that Luchuan pig shared 99.5%, 85.5%,87.1%,66.3%,75.6%,84.0%,82.3%,81.1% and 69.1% of similar nucleotide sequence with that of pig,human, zebrafish, chicken, rhesus monkeys, mice, rat and frog, respectively. The prediction of ACOX1 secondary structure showed that Luchuan pig ACOX1 had no signal peptide and transmembrane structure. This study suggested that the whole CDS sequence of ACOX1 gene was successfully cloned in Luchuan pig, and the cloning and analysis of ACOX1 gene provided an important foundation for further studying on the fatty deposition and lipornetabolism of ACOX1 gene in Luchuan pig.     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of PTTG1 Gene in Luchuan Pig

This experiment was aimed to clone PTTG1 gene CDS sequence of Luchuan pig,and was analyzed by bioinformatics methods.A pair of special primers was designed according to predicted sequence of porcine PTTG1 in GenBank.The coding sequence of PTTG1 in Luchuan pig was amplified by RT-PCR,its gene sequence characteristics and protein structure was systemically analyzed by bioinformatics techniques.The results showed that the cloned PTTG1 fragment included a 609 bp CDS (coding 202 amino acids).The sequence multi-aligned results showed that Luchuan pig shared 90.15%,87.85%,87.52%,87.03%,76.03%,74.38%,55.74% and 44.48% of similar nucleotide sequence with that of Bos,Pan troglodytes,Homos,Macaca,Rattus,Mus,Gallus and Danio retio,respectively.The protein structure analysis results showed that the protein attributed hydrophilic protein without signal peptide,localized in cell cytoplasm and had 16 phosphorylation sites.The phylogentic tree of amino acid indicated that PTTG1 was highly conserved in the process of evolution of different species.The cloning and analysis of PTTG1 gene provided an important foundation for further study biological function of porcine PTTG1 during early embryonic development.     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of P97 Gene R1 Region of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in Guangxi Luchuan Pig

Through in-depth understanding of sequence characteristics, structure and genetic variation of adhesion factor P97 gene R1 region of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) epidemic strains in Guangxi Luchuan pig, the assay was aimed to provide theoretical basis for mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) integrated effective prevention and control measures of Guangxi local variety Luchuan pig, and lay a solid foundation for further study the characteristics of Mhp epidemic strains in Guangxi Luchuan pig.A pair of primers was designed to amplify P97 gene R1 region according to Mhp genome sequence, the MPS positive disease materials of Guangxi Luchuan pig from 2011 to 2014 as the object of study, after genomic DNA extraction and PCR amplification of P97 gene R1 region, the PCR products were sequenced.The base composition and deduced amino acid sequence of P97 gene R1 region of Mhp epidemic strains of Guangxi Luchuan pig were compared.The analysis of DNAStar showed that there were multiple base mutations in P97 gene R1 region of 15 strains of Guangxi Luchuan pig Mhp strains (GXLC-1, GXLC-2, GXLC-3, GXLC-4, GXLC-5, GXLC-6, GXLC-7, GXLC-8, GXLC-9, GXLC-10, GXLC-11, GXLC-12, GXLC-13, GXLC-14 and GXLC-15) and 3 strains of Guangxi other breeds of pigs Mhp strains (GX227, GX595 and GX674).The statistical repeat number of five amino acid (AAKPV/E) of P97 R1 region were 9 to 18, the average value was 12, TN repeats were 1 to 4.We found that Guangxi Luchuan pig Mhp strains mutation made its virulence and adhesion ability enhancement, and respiratory of Luchuan pig with the special structure of short and narrow, which could more easily lead to the occurrence of Guangxi Luchuan pig MPS.     

广西陆川猪猪肺炎支原体P97基因R1区克隆及序列分析

本试验通过深入了解广西陆川猪猪肺炎支原体(Mhp)地方流行毒株的黏附因子P97基因R1区的序列特征、基本结构及遗传变异等特点,为广西地方品种陆川猪猪支原体肺炎(MPS)有效的综合防控措施提供理论依据,并为进一步研究广西陆川猪Mhp地方流行毒株特性打下坚实的基础。参考Mhp基因组序列设计扩增P97基因R1区的1对引物,以 2011年-2014年广西陆川猪MPS阳性病料为研究对象,提取基因组DNA,PCR扩增P97基因R1区,对PCR产物进行测序,将广西陆川猪Mhp不同地方流行毒株的P97基因R1区序列的碱基组成和推导的氨基酸序列进行比对。DNAStar软件分析结果表明,所获得的15株广西陆川猪Mhp毒株(GXLC-1、GXLC-2、GXLC-3、GXLC-4、GXLC-5、GXLC-6、GXLC-7、GXLC-8、GXLC-9、GXLC-10、GXLC-11、GXLC-12、GXLC-13、GXLC-14、GXLC-15)和3株广西其他品种猪Mhp毒株(GX227、GX595、GX674)的P97基因R1区的多处碱基发生变异。通过推导氨基酸序列统计P97 R1区五氨基酸(AAKPV/E)重复数为9~18,平均值为12,TN重复数为1~4,结果发现广西陆川猪Mhp流行毒株变异使其毒力和黏附能力增强,再加上陆川猪呼吸道短小狭窄的特殊结构,更易导致广西陆川猪MPS的发生。     

陆川猪GPR1基因真核表达载体构建及组织表达谱分析

试验旨在构建陆川猪G蛋白偶联受体1（G protein-coupled receptor 1,GPR1）基因真核表达载体,并对其组织表达谱进行分析。采用RT-PCR技术从10周龄陆川猪皮下脂肪组织中扩增出GPR1基因CDS区后,使用常规分子克隆手段构建含GPR1基因片段的真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-GPR1,利用双酶切和测序对重组质粒pEGFP-N1-GPR1进行鉴定,并以脂质体法将重组质粒转染3T3-L1细胞24 h后观察细胞荧光表达情况。收集所转染3T3-L1细胞并提取其总RNA,实时荧光定量PCR进一步检测GPR1真核表达载体表达情况;提取6头10周龄陆川猪心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、背最长肌、皮下脂肪总RNA,实时荧光定量PCR检测GPR1基因mRNA在陆川猪各组织中的表达量。结果表明,陆川猪GPR1基因CDS全长1 068 bp,成功将其连接至pEGFP-N1真核表达载体,重组表达载体pEGFP-N1-GPR1质粒和空载pEGFP-N1质粒所转染3T3-L1细胞均能表现出绿色荧光,且空白对照组并未表现出绿色荧光。实时荧光定量PCR结果证实,GPR1基因在重组质粒试验组的表达量极显著高于空载质粒组（P<0.01）。GPR1基因在10周龄陆川猪肝脏中表达量最高,在心脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、皮下脂肪中均有表达,在背最长肌中几乎不表达。本试验成功构建了真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-GPR1,并获得了GPR1基因组织表达谱,为进一步研究GPR1基因对陆川猪脂肪沉积的影响提供参考。