蛇蛔虫及蛇蛔虫病的研究进展

蛇蛔虫是常见的且严重危害蛇健康的一类寄生虫,呈世界性分布,蛇感染后主要造成胃肠道损伤,影响其消化功能。蛇蛔虫的感染可通过流行病学调查、临床剖检以及粪便检查等方法进行诊断。蛇蛔虫病的治疗主要通过服用磷酸左旋咪唑等咪唑类抗寄生虫药。本文对蛇蛔虫病的病原种类、危害、流行概况、分子鉴定研究现状、治疗与预防措施等方面进行综述,旨在为蛇蛔虫病的研究和防控提供参考。     

不同树形青脆李光合特效及果实品质的研究

以4 年生青脆李为试材,在相同光照条件下,比较了三主枝开心形、四主枝开心形、主干形、Y字型、UFO形五种树形青脆李的光合作用强度及果实品质,综合比较光合作用强度及果实品质均表现为四主枝开心形最佳,其次是Y字形和三主枝开心形,最后是UFO形和主干形。     

METASTATIC GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR IN A MANGROVE SNAKE (BOIGA DENDROPHILA MELANOTA)

A 12-year-old, female mangrove snake (Boiga dendrophila melanota) was presented with a 1-month history of anorexia, lethargy, and progressive distention of the caudal coelomic cavity. Based on ultrasonographic and cytological examination, an ovarian neoplasia was considered to be the presumptive antemortem diagnosis. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a granulosa cell tumor (GCT) with metastatic tumors in the coelomic fat bodies. Four months following oophorectomy and surgical removal of the distant metastasis, the snake was euthanized because of sudden onset of lethargy, cardiomegaly, and dyspnea. Postmortem examination revealed the presence of metastatic tumors in the lung, liver, and kidneys. Primary ovarian neoplasms are relatively rare in reptiles. Although GCTs have been documented in snakes, definitive diagnosis is typically determined through postmortem histopathological examination. The present case describes a suitable antemortem diagnostic approach of a malignant GCT in a mangrove snake with distant metastases.     

兰州市中心城区道路绿地土壤pH和养分特征

为掌握兰州中心城区道路绿地土壤pH和养分状况,找出主要限制因子并提出解决办法,以行道树周边土壤为研究对象,分0?30和30?60 cm两个土层,根据土壤有无植被覆盖,分裸露和植被覆盖两组采样,运用分组回归方法分析土壤pH与土壤肥力间相关性,研究不同pH组道路绿地土壤养分的基本状况.结果表明:1)土壤pH在7.91～9....     

METHOD OF SEMEN COLLECTION AND ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN SNAKES

This study focuses on the method for sperm extraction and artificial insemination in snakes. Ten adult healthy snakes (4.6) were included in the study (Pantherophis guttatus 1.3; Hydrodynastes gigas 1.1; Corallus hortulanus 1.1; and Sanzinia madagascariesis 1.1). Massage of the ventral aspect of the caudal third of the male snake body for 2 to 3 minutes was performed successfully for the semen collection. Both female and male P. guttatus and H. gigas were placed in brumation, with the female snakes being assessed for ovarian activity after emerging from dormancy. Only females showing ultrasonographic evidence of vitellogenic follicles were included in the study. S. madagascariensis and C. hortulanus were maintained at the same temperature through the year, and the ovarian activity was assessed ultrasonographically prior to artificially inseminating the animal. With the aid of a rigid endoscope, fresh semen was delivered through the cloaca and into the females’ oviducts using a catheter connected to the syringe. The technique failed in female S. madagascariensis and H. gigas. Two female P. guttatus laid eggs 2 months after artificial insemination, with hatchlings emerging following 2 months of development within the eggs. The third female corn snake did not lay an egg. The female C. hortulans produced eggs 4 months after insemination. The manual massage method of sperm collection in male snakes and endoscopy-assisted insemination in female snakes may be useful for conservation programs.     

我国绿肥的研究进展

绿肥种植具有提供养分、培肥地力、改善土壤结构、提供饲草、保障粮食安全、改善生态环境以及节能减耗等作用,在我国传统农业中具有重要的发展意义。我国绿肥种质资源丰富,主要有豆科(Leguminosae)、禾本科(Gramineae)、十字花科(Brassicaceae)和菊科(Compositae)等。绿肥应用模式主要包括间套作、轮作、肥饲兼用型绿肥牧草生产以及果园绿肥种植模式,而且由于我国的气候类型与农作物的种植模式不同,各种模式的区域分布不同。本文通过对我国绿肥种质资源、绿肥应用模式和绿肥效应研究进行总结阐述,指出我国绿肥未来发展方向：加强现有绿肥种质资源的引入与保存,扩大品种资源的储备与利用;大力发展绿肥的产业化研究;加强绿肥效应评价与分析方面的研究,全面发展绿肥的肥饲综合利用价值,为绿肥产业可持续发展提供依据。     

绿色奶源基地建设存在问题及其对策

本文分析了制约我国奶业发展的主要因素，从建设绿色奶源基地的角度，提出了包括良种工程、饲料基地、生态环境和标准化生产等一系列关键措施，并根据他们的相互关系及其影响，试图探索出一条建设绿色奶源建基地的有效途径。     

A novel method for estimating tree dimensions and calculating canopy volume using digital photography

Studies on plant phenology and browse capacity require effective methods to rapidly quantify plant dimensions such as tree height, height of maximum canopy diameter, height of first leaves, maximum canopy diameter, and diameter of trunk(s) at height of first leaves. Here we describe a method for estimating tree dimensions and calculating canopy volume using a measuring staff (for calibration), a digital camera and our VolCalc software. The method requires a photograph be taken of the measuring staff placed next to an object whose measurements are to be determined. The two objects must be adjacent to one another in the photograph. For rapid analysis, multiple photographs of different objects can be taken over a short period of time using the measuring staff. The method is not limited to plants and can be used to determine, for example, browser height, height at which browsers feed, and primate resource abundance. The method has been tested in the field and provides a fast and precise tree dimension parameter estimation option, where sampling time is of the essence. Test results compare well to alternative methods currently utilised, showing improved precision and faster field data collection times, which are important to researchers and ecologists.     

桑茶间作套种试验简报

2012—2016年,平利县组织开展了桑园间作套种茶树生产效益比较试验。结果表明:桑茶间作套种第一年的生产投资较高,但低于普通密植桑园和纯茶园单独建园的投资之和;进入丰产期后,3种不同栽植密度的桑茶间作套种园的生产收益均高于普通密植桑园和纯茶园,以每667m~2栽桑1000株和750株的桑茶间作套种园生产效益较好。     

绿色校园建设中滨水绿地驳岸的生态改造——以上海城市管理职业技术学院为例

滨水绿地是比较特殊的绿地形态之一,在绿色校园建设中．滨水绿地是集科研、应用、教学、展示为一体的环保节能操作平台。作为绿地和水面交界处的驳岸无论在空间形态还是使用功能上都起着重要的作用。通过总结已有驳岸形式的基础上．对上海城市管理职业技术学院校园案例研究．将校园中心的滨水绿地驳岸分为3种类型,每种类型各有两个子类,6种不同的驳岸形式,这些驳岸达到空间形态、使用功能、剖面设计、植物配置4个方面的有机耦合,在校园绿化建设中起到示范作用。     

植保无人飞机对主干形桃树和梨树的喷雾效果研究

摘 要：为了探明植保无人飞机喷雾雾滴在主干形果树冠层中的沉积分布规律,针对2种果树分别设计了4种不同作业速度梯度的喷雾效果试验,研究了3WQFTX-10型电动四旋翼植保无人飞机和3WQF120-12型油动单旋翼植保无人飞机分别对于主干形桃树(超红)和主干形梨树(新世纪梨)冠层各位置的雾滴沉积分布情况。结果表明：在风速小于1.2 m/s的微风条件下,当使用植保无人飞机以距离果树冠层顶部2 m的高度对主干形果树喷雾时,以果树为中心航线进行作业有助于雾滴更好的沉降。对于主干形桃树,当采用电动四旋翼植保无人飞机进行喷雾作业时,建议飞行速度处在2~4 m/s的范围内,此时雾滴在主干形桃树不同位置的雾滴沉积密度大于25个/cm₂。对于主干形梨树,当采用单旋翼油动无人飞机进行喷雾作业时,建议飞行速度处于2~3 m/s的范围内,此时雾滴在主干形梨树不同位置的沉积密度大于39.00个/cm₂。此外,飞行速度对于雾滴分布均匀性影响较大,2种主干形果树冠层各采样位置测得的雾滴分布变异系数均值普遍处于20%以上水平,最高值高达63.56%,未来对于果树航空喷雾均匀性方面的研究还需加强。研究结果可以为使用植保无人飞机防控主干形果树果园病虫害提供喷雾技术依据。     

孔雀石绿及其代谢物在鲫亲子代间传递的研究

为研究孔雀石绿(MG)残留在亲鱼及其子代之间的传递作用以及鱼卵阶段违禁使用孔雀石绿的溯源分析,通过硼氢化钾将孔雀石绿还原成无色孔雀石绿,采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法检测孔雀石绿及其代谢产物的总量。以浓度为0.5mg/L的孔雀石绿浸泡鲫亲鱼4h,分别跟踪检测雌雄亲鱼肌肉、内脏团以及生殖组织中药物残留变化。取第30天带有MG残留的雌雄亲鱼与空白亲鱼交叉繁殖,检测子代受精卵与鱼苗中药物残留情况,并与空白鱼卵浸泡0.15mg/L孔雀石绿溶液1h后的残留情况作比较。结果显示,各组织中孔雀石绿的残留分布情况在雌雄亲鱼之间无显著性差异;不同组织中残留浓度大小:内脏团肌肉精巢/卵巢,内脏团和肌肉中孔雀石绿残留浓度逐渐下降,精巢/卵巢从0.25h检测到药物残留,之后呈先增加后缓慢下降的趋势。污染孔雀石绿的亲鱼所产的受精卵中,药物残留初始浓度较低,分别为5.1μg/kg±0.8μg/kg、23.8μg/kg±1.3μg/kg、29.5μg/kg±1.1μg/kg,均缓慢下降。而空白受精卵浸泡孔雀石绿溶液后的初始浓度为1 265.8μg/kg±21.1μg/kg,在出苗前保持在较高的浓度,在鱼苗完全孵出后(第5天)残留浓度大幅度下降为163.4μg/kg±7.9μg/kg。因此,亲鱼体内残留的孔雀石绿及其代谢产物残留能够传递到子代,并可根据鱼卵中药物残留浓度变化的差异,区别判断受精卵污染孔雀石绿的来源途径,为养殖环节的孔雀石绿残留溯源分析提供参考。     

桑树ITS序列测定及特点的初步分析

以蒙桑 (M .mongolicaSchneid)为试验材料 ,采用PCR产物直接测序法测定了其核糖体基因转录内间隔区 (InternalTranscribedSpacer ,IST)的全序列 ,分析了桑树该序列的特点 ,指出了该序列在桑树分子系统学及分子进化研究中潜在的重要作用