四川省2019年猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体监测与分析

在2019年春、秋季集中免疫后,分别采集四川省21个市（州）被抽检县（区）的规模场、散养户、屠宰厂的猪血清共2 306份,采用ELISA方法进行口蹄疫O型免疫抗体检测。结果显示,2019年全省猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体的平均合格率为85.0%（1 960/2 306）,其中春季检测1 556份,合格1 370份,合格率为88.05%;秋季检测750份,合格590份,合格率为78.67%。结果表明我省2019年春秋两季猪O型口蹄疫疫苗免疫均取得理想效果,能够对猪群提供免疫保护。     

抗Asia1型口蹄疫病毒单克隆抗体的制备及抗原捕获ELISA检测口蹄疫病毒的研究

本研究用纯化的Asial型口蹄疫病毒(Foot and mouth disease virus,FMDV)免疫BALB/c小鼠,按常规单克隆抗体技术方法,经筛选获得6株能稳定分泌抗Asial型FMDV单抗的杂交瘤细胞株。以牛抗口蹄疫病毒IgG为捕获抗体,选择一株单抗(184)用辣根过氧化物酶标记(HRP-184)作为检测抗体,建立了检测Asial型FMDV的抗原捕获ELISA方法。该方法可检出0.5859μg纯化Asial型FMDV抗原和2.5×10~3TCID_(50)病毒,对O型FMDV、牛结核病、牛肺疫、牛流热、赤羽病、牛传染性鼻炎等病毒进行检测,均为阴性,无交叉反应发生。本研究建立的FMDV抗原捕获ELISA方法,具有敏感性高、特异性强和重复性好的特点,可用于Asial型FMDV的特异性检测。     

口蹄疫病毒3ABC绿色荧光蛋白载体构建及表达

将O型口蹄疫病毒Akesu／58株适应细胞培养。用RT—PCR技术从适应细胞株中克隆了3ABC基因,将其克隆入pGEM-T载体,测序鉴定。然后将目的基因与线性化的绿色荧光蛋白（PEGFPNl）栽体连接筛选阳性质粒命名为PEGFPN1-3ABC。将阳性质粒转入JM109大肠埃希茵增殖。提取PEGFPN1—3ABC质粒转染入BHK细胞,在荧光显微镜下直接观察表达结果。     

Enhanced immune response with foot and mouth disease virus VP1 and interleukin-1 fusion genes

The capsid of the foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus carries the epitopes that are critical for inducing the immune response. In an attempt to enhance the specific immune response, plasmid DNA was constructed to express VP1/interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and precursor capsid (P1) in combination with 2A (P1-2A)/IL-1α under the control of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediateearly promoter and intron. After DNA transfection into MA104 (monkey kidney) cells, Western blotting and an immunofluorescence assay were used to confirm the expression of VP1 or P1-2A and IL-1α. Mice were inoculated with the encoding plasmids via the intradermal route, and the IgG1 and IgG2a levels were used to determine the immune responses. These results show that although the immunized groups did not carry a high level of neutralizing antibodies, the plasmids encoding the VP1/IL-1α, and P1-2A/IL-1α fused genes were effective in inducing an enhanced immune response.     

不同方法检测猪O型口蹄疫疫苗抗体效价与攻毒保护相关性研究

为评价不同检测方法检测的口蹄疫疫苗抗体效价与免疫保护率的相关性,使用O型液相阻断ELISA、正向间接血凝试验、VP1结构蛋白抗体ELISA三种检测方法对免疫不同类型O型口蹄疫疫苗的60头猪进行血清抗体跟踪测定,免疫21 d后,分别用OZK/93和O/(XJ/10-11/MYA/98)毒株进行攻毒保护实验.数据统计和分析结果显示,0型液相阻断ELISA试验测定的抗体效价与攻毒保护率存在着极显著的正相关性(P＜0.01),相关系数为0.75;正向间接血凝试验测定的抗体效价以及VP1结构蛋白抗体ELISA法测定的S/P值与攻毒保护率之间均不存在线性相关关系(P＞0.05).试验表明,O型液相阻断ELISA抗体检测方法可作为田间猪O型口蹄疫疫苗免疫效果的评价方法.     

不同来源疫苗对乳牛口蹄疫免疫效果的对比分析

我国将口蹄疫列入强制免疫病种,实行预防为主的方针。文中就不同来源的疫苗对乳牛口蹄疫免疫效果进行对比试验,连续跟踪、检测乳牛免疫后3个月的口蹄疫抗体水平,并进行分析评价。     

The impact of seasonal variability in wildlife populations on the predicted spread of foot and mouth disease

Modeling potential disease spread in wildlife populations is important for predicting, responding to and recovering from a foreign animal disease incursion such as foot and mouth disease (FMD). We conducted a series of simulation experiments to determine how seasonal estimates of the spatial distribution of white-tailed deer impact the predicted magnitude and distribution of potential FMD outbreaks. Outbreaks were simulated in a study area comprising two distinct ecoregions in South Texas, USA, using a susceptible-latent-infectious-resistant geographic automata model (Sirca). Seasonal deer distributions were estimated by spatial autoregressive lag models and the normalized difference vegetation index. Significant (P < 0.0001) differences in both the median predicted number of deer infected and number of herds infected were found both between seasons and between ecoregions. Larger outbreaks occurred in winter within the higher deer-density ecoregion, whereas larger outbreaks occurred in summer and fall within the lower deer-density ecoregion. Results of this simulation study suggest that the outcome of an FMD incursion in a population of wildlife would depend on the density of the population infected and when during the year the incursion occurs. It is likely that such effects would be seen for FMD incursions in other regions and countries, and for other diseases, in cases in which a potential wildlife reservoir exists. Study findings indicate that the design of a mitigation strategy needs to take into account population and seasonal characteristics.     

肉牛口蹄疫免疫抗体、3ABC抗体、RT-PCR核酸检测结果分析

[目的]为了掌握肉牛口蹄疫免疫抗体检测结果、口蹄疫非结构蛋白3ABC抗体检测结果、口蹄疫O-P液RT-PCR核酸检测结果三者的相关性,[方法]张掖市动物疫病预防控制中心对甘州区28头肉牛开展相关检测。[结果]检测结果表明:O型口蹄疫免疫抗体合格率28份,合格率100%,3ABC抗体阳性27份,阳性率96.4%;对3ABC抗体阳性的27头牛分2次进行实时荧光RT-PCR核酸检测,被检的27头牛均为阴性。     

肉牛口蹄疫灭活苗不同免疫程序免疫效果的比较

为了解肃南地区肉牛口蹄疫免疫动态,达到为本地区肉牛养殖制定科学口蹄疫免疫程序的最终目的.本文与2019年3月份采用随机抽样方法选取120头肉牛,分成了3组,分别采取不同免疫程序,根据免疫抗体检测水平的变化,选择免疫效果最佳的免疫程序.试验结果表明,第3组的口蹄疫A型、O型抗体水平最高.因此,本试验推荐肉牛场每年免疫3～...     

反刍动物口蹄疫ELISA诊断试剂盒质量检测

利用参考血清,按试剂盒标明的使用方法,对上海优耐特生物医药有限公司提供的3批反刍动物口蹄疫病毒VP1结构蛋白抗体和3批反刍动物口蹄疫病毒NS非结构蛋白抗体ELISA诊断试剂盒的敏感性和特异性分别进行检测.结果表明,2种试剂盒的敏感性和特异性均符合相关标准的规定.     

内蒙古地区牛羊口蹄疫灭活疫苗的免疫效果比较研究

为准确掌握牛羊口蹄疫疫苗免疫效果,2012年对内蒙古自治区的牛羊口蹄疫O—AsiaI型双价灭活疫苗和牛羊口蹄疫A型灭活疫苗免疫效果进行了监测。采用液相阻断ELISA方法。共检测了8个旗县23018份免疫牛羊口蹄疫O—AsiaI型双价灭活疫苗和牛羊口蹄疫A型灭活疫苗15日、30日、60日的血清中口蹄疫免疫抗体水平。结果显示,牛羊口蹄疫疫苗免疫效果总体良好,免疫抗体合格率超过了70％。规模化奶牛养殖场免疫效果稳定,散养地区免疫效果稳定性差,且不同厂家的疫苗免疫效果不同,加强免疫后A、B、D三个厂家抗体合格率能达到100％,C厂家的免疫效果较差,抗体合格率为93-3％。采用3ABC—ELISA检测试剂盒对部分地区牛羊进行感染抗体检测,结果为阴性。     

母源抗体对猪口蹄疫疫苗免疫应答的影响

用液相阻断ELISA(Liquid phase blocking ELISA,LPB-ELISA)和正向间接血凝(Indirect hemagglutination test,IHAT)2种血清学试验方法对规模化饲养猪群仔猪的口蹄疫母源抗体、母源抗体的传递途径、消长规律、母/仔代特异抗体相关性及母源抗体对口蹄疫疫苗免疫的影响进行了研究和分析。结果表明,2种血清学方法均没有从未吸吮初乳的新生仔猪中检出特异抗体;在吸吮初乳后的仔猪血清中可检出特异性抗体,并于10日龄左右抗体效价升至峰值,而后随着日龄的增加,特异性抗体的效价呈明显的线性下降,母源抗体半衰期约为10～20d,至45～60日龄母源抗体效价降至不完全保护带(lgX<1.8)或更低;仔猪母源抗体水平与母体特异抗体水平呈正相关。通过对不同日龄仔猪接种口蹄疫疫苗后抗体水平检测发现,仔猪体内较高水平的母源抗体对疫苗免疫应答具有明显或一定的负面影响。     

仙游县猪口蹄疫免疫效果检测与分析

通过对仙游县2014年秋季猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体检测,了解和掌握仙游县猪口蹄疫免疫效果,以更好地指导今后动物疫病防控工作。     

口蹄疫O型固相竞争ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的临床应用

用口蹄疫O型固相竞争ELISA检测血清1 150份,口蹄疫O型免疫血清820份,敏感性为91.83%;试剂盒特异性评价检测血清180份,其特异性为89.4%;固相竞争ELISA和液相阻断ELISA共同检测血清100份,其相关性分析为0.964 1,R2为0.929 5,属于高度相关。3批试剂盒检测血清样品50份,检测结果差异不显著,口蹄疫O型固相竞争ELISA抗体检测试剂盒检测结果比较稳定,具有良好的批间可重复性和稳定性。     

用大肠杆菌表达FMDV NSP 3ABC鉴别感染与注苗动物ELISA方法的建立

用大肠杆菌表达的FMDV NSP 3ABC经纯化复性后作为抗原,建立了鉴别感染动物与注苗动物的间接ELISA方法.用该方法检测了大量的牛血清样品,确定了3ABC-I-ELISA判定标准.3ABC-I-ELISA以(OD样品-OD阴性)÷(OD阳性-OD阴性)来计算待测样品效价.当效价小于0.2为阴性,介于0.2～0.3之间为可疑,大于0.3为阳性.根据此判定标准所测试验感染动物血清都为阳性,敏感性达100%;97.06%疫苗注射动物血清为阴性;98.39%的非免疫健康牛(未感染也未注射疫苗牛)血清为阴性.研究证实感染牛在1年以后仍能检测到3ABC抗体.这说明3ABC-I-ELISA能够鉴别FMDV感染动物和注苗动物,可作为大面积疫情监测的方法应用.     

牛用口蹄疫AsiaI—O型双价灭活苗与猪用口蹄疫O型灭活苗对猪的免疫效果比较试验

使用牛用口蹄疫AsiaI-O型双价灭活苗与猪用口蹄疫O型灭活苗分别接种50d商品猪和怀孕90d种猪,免疫前和免疫后的3w及7w进行抗体水平检测。O型口蹄疫采用正向间接血凝试验、AsiaI型口蹄疫采用液相阻断ELISA检测。同时对接种猪进行免疫应激观察。结果显示：猪使用牛用口蹄疫AsiaI—O型双价灭活苗3w后口蹄疫AsiaI的抗体水平十分低,最高只有5％,口蹄疫O型抗体合格率在35％以上;而注射猪用口蹄疫O型灭活苗的O型抗体水平合格率只有35％。而牛用口蹄疫AsiaI-O型双价灭活苗两次接种后,AsiaI和O型抗体水平均达到大于70％的要求。     

Development and validation of a 3ABC indirect ELISA for differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus infected from vaccinated animals

Non-structural protein (NSP) 3ABC antibody is considered to be the most reliable indicator of present or past infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vaccinated animals. An indirect ELISA was established, using purified His-tagged 3ABC fusion protein as antigen, for detection of the antibody response to FMDV NSP 3ABC in different animal species. The method was validated by simultaneous detection of the early antibody responses to NSP and structural protein (SP) in FMDV Asia 1 infected animals. The performance of the method was also validated by detection of antibody in reference sera from the FMD World Reference Laboratory (WRL) in Pirbright, UK, and comparison with two commercial NSP ELISA kits. The results showed that the antibody response to SP developed more quickly than that to NSP 3ABC in FMDV infected animals. In contact-infected cattle, the antibody response to NSP 3ABC was significantly delayed compared with that to SP antibody. The early antibody responses to SP and NSP 3ABC in FMDV inoculated cattle and contact-infected or inoculated sheep and pigs were generally consistent. In pigs, 3ABC antibody was linked to the presence of clinical signs; however, in sheep, subclinical infection was detected by the development of 3ABC antibodies. Therefore, the antibody responses to 3ABC varied between host species. Eight out of 10 positive serum samples from FMD WRL were tested to be positive at cutoff value of 0.2. The rate of agreement with the ceditest FMDV-NS and the UBI NSP ELISA were 98.05% (302/308) and 93.2% (287/308), respectively. The prevalence of 3ABC antibodies reached 71.4% in some diseased cattle herds. The further work is required to evaluation the performance of this method in different animal species and different field situations.     

兔病毒性出血症病毒抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

建立一种检测兔病毒性出血症病毒(RHDV)抗体的间接ELISA方法。对RHDV陕西分离株VP60基因进行原核表达,Western blot分析表达产物的免疫反应性;以纯化的蛋白为包被抗原建立ELISA方法,并对反应条件进行优化。结果表明,VP60蛋白在大肠杆菌中成功表达,产物约为42.34 ku的融合蛋白,具有良好的反应原性;优化的ELISA最佳工作条件为:重组抗原包被浓度2.9μg/mL,37℃2 h后4℃过夜,1%BSA 37℃封闭2 h,待检血清37℃孵育1 h,酶标抗体1∶10 000稀释,37℃作用1 h,37℃显色5 min,临界值为0.340;建立的ELISA方法特异性强、重复性好、敏感性高;临床检测180份样品,与血凝抑制试验的符合率为74.1%,与商品化试剂盒检测结果符合率为94.8%。该方法可用于临床样品的大批量检测。     

The foot and mouth disease (FMD) epidemic in the United Kingdom 2001

The foot and mouth disease epidemic commenced in February 2001 when diseased pigs were identified in an abattoir. The infection had become widespread in sheep in England and Wales before this discovery. It was decided to eradicate the disease by slaughter rather than use vaccine. The virus was a Pan-Asia O strain that caused few lesions in sheep and this made the identification of infected flocks very difficult leading to a long drawn-out epidemic. Over four million animals were slaughtered in 2000 herds and flocks. The last outbreak was in September.

Résumé

L'épizootie de fièvre aphteuse a commencé en février 2001 quand elle a été identifiée sur des porcs maladies dans un abattoir. L'infection avait beaucoup diffusé auparavant chez le mouton en Angleterre et au pays de Galles. Il a été d'écidé d'éradiquer la maladie par abattage plautôt que par vaccination. Le virus était une souche Pan-Asia de type O, provoquant des lésions limitées chez le mouton, ce qui a rendu trés difficile l'identification des troupeaux infectés et conduit à une longue queue d'épizootie. Plus de quatre millions d'animaux ont été abattus dand 2000 troupeaux. Le dernier foyer a été identifié en Septembre.