大豆异黄酮与脂肪、蛋白质含量基因定位分析

 【目的】研究大豆异黄酮与脂肪、蛋白质含量基因定位及相关性,为大豆品质改良、分子育种及基因克隆等应用提供理论依据。【方法】利用SSR技术,对晋豆23号和灰布支杂交构建的F13代大豆重组自交系群体的474个家系进行了连锁图谱的构建。在此基础上,利用 WinQTLCart2.0 软件分析了影响大豆异黄酮含量、脂肪含量和蛋白质含量3个重要品质性状的QTL,通过复合区间作图分析,检测QTL;同时,对异黄酮与脂肪、蛋白质的含量相关性分析。【结果】检测到23个QTL,其中控制异黄酮含量QTL有6个,分别定位在J、N、D2和G染色体的连锁群上;控制脂肪含量的QTL有11个,分别定位在第A1、A2、B2、C2和D2染色体的连锁群上;控制蛋白质含量的QTL有6个,分别定位在B2、C2、G和H1染色体的连锁群上。相关性分析结果表明：异黄酮与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关;蛋白质和脂肪含量呈极显著负相关;蛋白质和蛋白质脂肪总量呈极显著正相关。【结论】3个重要品质性状的部分基因定位结果与其相关性分析是一致的,其结果对大豆品质育种应用有重要利用价值。     

大豆主要产量性状QTL定位分析

【目的】进一步发掘与大豆产量性状紧密连锁且稳定存在的标记位点,为分子标记辅助选择培育高产大豆新品种奠定理论基础.【方法】利用QTL IciMapping v2.2完备区间作图法连续2年对F2及其衍生群体中4个主要产量相关性状进行QTL定位及效应分析.【结果和结论】以LOD=2.5为阈值,在大豆单株粒数、单株粒质量、百粒质量和单株荚数4个主要产量性状上共检测到19个具有明显加性效应的QTLs,其中主效QTLs 15个,即单株粒数QTLs 3个,单株荚数QTLs 2个,单株粒质量QTLs 10个,分布于4(C2)、12(G)、6(A1)和17(M)4个连锁群上;定位到了3个在2年间稳定存在的QTLs,即单株粒数QTL qNSPP-12-1、单株粒质量QTLs qSWPP-12-1和qSWPP-12-2;研究初步确定了1个新的大豆单株粒质量QTL qSWPP-12-5.研究中检测到的稳定存在和主效QTLs对今后大豆遗传育种研究将具有重要的指导意义.     

大豆主要农艺性状的QTL分析

【目的】大豆的多数农艺性状均为重要的数量性状。对大豆的数量性状进行基因定具有重要的研究和应用价值。【方法】以美国半矮秆大豆品种Charleston为母本，东北农业大学高蛋白大豆品系东农594为父本及其F2:10代重组自交系的154个株系为实验材料。164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增，并构建遗传图谱。对亲本间表现多态的12个农艺性状进行了调查及QTL分析。【结果】农艺性状包括品质性状（蛋白质含量、油分含量、蛋脂总量等）；产量性状（单株荚数、单株粒重、百粒重等）和其它农艺性状（株高、生育期、分枝数、主茎节数、平均叶长、平均叶宽等）。结果表明，12个农艺性状共检出68个QTLs。每个性状的QTLs检出个数从平均叶宽的3个到百粒重、株高等的8个，平均每个性状检测出5.8个。与国内外对应农艺性状QTL检测结果相比，多个性状的QTL位点均一致，说明QTL检测准确率较高，可以进一步用于分子辅助育种。【结论】获得了大豆12个重要农艺性状的68个主效QTLs。     

大豆花色的QTL分析

大豆是重要的油料和粮食农作物,大豆的多数农艺性状均为重要的数量性状,对大豆的数量性状进行基因定位具有重要的研究和应用价值.以美国半矮杆大豆品种Charleston与高蛋白品系东农594杂交得到的154株RILs群体作为实验材料,利用在亲本之间表现多态的SSR引物对群体进行分析,在群体开花期,利用数码相机获取花的图片,再利用Photoshop7.0软件测其色度值,根据已有的遗传图谱,利用浙江大学朱军的QTLmaper2.0对数据进行分析.根据LOD值的大小,确定与大豆花色有关的两个QTLs主要分布在F连锁群上,其相关QTL在GMRUBP和Satt030,Satt030和Satt146引物之间出现几率较大.     

大豆重组自交系群体异黄酮含量QTL连锁定位与关联定位的比较研究

【目的】异黄酮是大豆等豆类植物中富含的一类次生代谢产物,对食品和保健产业有重要作用。大豆籽粒可分离出12种异黄酮组分,可归为三大类:大豆苷类异黄酮、染料木苷类异黄酮和黄豆苷类异黄酮。通过鉴定大豆籽粒异黄酮总含量及3个组分含量性状的加性及上位性QTL,进而全面解析其复杂的遗传构成。【方法】利用先进2号和赶泰2-2双亲衍生的大豆重组自交系群体NJRSXG,在5个环境下测定4个异黄酮含量性状:异黄酮总含量(total isoflavone content,SIFC)、大豆苷类异黄酮总含量(total daidzin group content,TDC)、染料木苷类异黄酮总含量(total genistin group content,TGC)和黄豆苷类异黄酮总含量(total glycitin group content,TGLC)。选用混合模型复合区间作图法(mixed-model-based composite interval mapping,MCIM)和限制性两阶段多位点全基因组关联分析方法(restricted two-stage multi-locus genome-wide a...     

多环境条件下大豆倒伏性相关形态性状的QTL分析

【目的】定位大豆倒伏性相关形态性状的QTL为培育抗倒伏性高的品种提供依据。【方法】以美国大豆品种Charleston为母本,东北农业大学大豆品系东农594为父本及其F2:16-F2:18的重组自交系的147个株系为试验材料,164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增,并构建遗传图谱。在三年两个地点对大豆的主茎节数、茎粗和茎秆重性状进行调查及QTL分析。【结果】共检测到16个主茎节数QTL,分别位于A1、B1、C2、D1a、D2、F、G、H和N连锁群上;检测到10个茎粗QTL,分别位于A1、B1、C2、D1a、E和G连锁群上;检测到15个茎秆重QTL,分别位于A1、A2、C2、D1a、D1b和G连锁群上。在得到的这些QTL中,2种算法都能检测到5个主茎节数QTL,解释表型变异范围为8.6%-27.0%;1个茎粗QTL,解释表型变异范围为9.0%-11.0%;6个茎秆重QTL,解释表型变异范围为6.0%-39.0%。在2年以上能被检测到3个主茎节数QTL,解释表型变异范围为8.0%-60.2%;2个茎秆重QTL,解释表型变异范围为10.0%-23.0%;2年以上未重复检测到茎粗QTL。【结论】通过比较定位的主茎节数、茎粗和茎秆重QTL,发现这些性状之间存在较大的遗传相关性。     

大豆产量相关性状的多年多点QTL分析

目前大豆和其他高产作物相比,相对产量偏低,提高大豆产量潜力是大豆育种的重要任务。产量是一个综合性状,受多个形态、生理以及农艺性状的影响。定位大豆产量性状QTL,具有重要的研究和应用价值。以美国大豆品种Charleston为母本,东北农业大学大豆品系东农594为父本及其F2:14代重组自交系的154个株系为试验材料,164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增,并构建遗传图谱。在两年同一地点下对亲本间表现多态的12个与产量相关的农艺性状进行了调查及QTL分析。产量相关性状包括荚数、荚长、荚宽、百粒重等。QTL检测结果表明,在两年的种植环境下,12个产量相关性状共检测到QTL 33个。每个性状的QTLs在两种环境下共检出个数1~9个不等,其中6个QTLs在2个环境下被检测到,它们受环境的影响较小,为较稳定的QTLs。其他产量QTLs只在单一环境下被检测到,说明产量相关QTLs与环境之间存在明显的互作。与国内外对应农艺性状QTLs检测结果相比,多个性状的QTLs位点均一致,说明QTLs检测准确率较高。利用分子标记遗传图谱,定位控制产量相关性状的QTL,为利用分子标记改良大豆产量潜力提供了有力手段。     

大豆形态性状的QTL分析

大豆的多数农艺性状均为重要的数量性状,对大豆的数量性状进行基因定位具有重要的研究和应用价值.以美国半矮秆大豆品种Charleston为母本,东北农业大学高蛋白大豆品系东农594为父本及其F2:14代重组自交系的154个株系为试验材料.164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增,并构建遗传图谱.对亲本间表现多态的8个农艺性状进行了调查及QTL分析.结果表明,9个农艺性状共检出25个QTLs,每个性状的QTLs检出个数1～10个不等,平均每个性状检测出3.1个.与国内外对应农艺性状QTL检测结果相比,多个性状的QTL位点均一致,说明QT检测准确率较高,可以进一步用于分子辅助育种.     

大豆农艺性状QTL定位

大豆的许多农艺性状都是由微效多基因控制的数量性状,对这些性状进行QTL定位,是大豆遗传育种工作中的一个重要工作。该试验利用科新3号为父本、中黄20为母本建立重组自交系群体,含有192个株系,利用F2构建的分子遗传图谱,对F3农艺性状进行进QTL定位分析,定位了3个性状相关的3个QTL,贡献率分别为4．76％、5．39％和6．64％。     

多环境条件下大豆倒伏性相关形态性状的QTL分析(英文)

[目的]定位大豆倒伏性相关形态性状的QTL为培育抗倒伏性高的品种提供依据。[方法]以美国大豆品种Charleston为母本,东北农业大学大豆品系东农594为父本及其F2:16-F2:18的重组自交系的147个株系为试验材料,164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增,并构建遗传图谱。在三年两个地点对大豆的主茎节数、茎粗和茎秆重性状进行调查及QTL分析。[结果]共检测到16个主茎节数QTL,分别位于A1、B1、C2、D1a、D2、F、G、H和N连锁群上;检测到10个茎粗QTL,分别位于A1、B1、C2、D1a、E和G连锁群上;检测到15个茎秆重QTL,分别位于A1、A2、C2、D1a、D1b和G连锁群上。在得到的这些QTL中,2种算法都能检测到5个主茎节数QTL,解释表型变异范围为8.6%—27.0%;1个茎粗QTL,解释表型变异范围为9.0%-11.0%;6个茎秆重QTL,解释表型变异范围为6.0%-39.0%。在2年以上能被检测到3个主茎节数QTL,解释表型变异范围为8.0%-60.2%;2个茎秆重QTL,解释表型变异范围为10.0%-23.0%;2年以上未重复检测到茎粗QTL。[结论]通过比较定位的主茎节数、茎粗和茎秆重QTL,发现这些性状之间存在较大的遗传相关性。     

Rapid HPLC Method for Determination of 12 Isoflavone Components in Soybean Seeds

It is important to determine the isoflavone components by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)for the molecular assistant selection of isoflavone in soybean.Based on the standard samples of 12 isoflavone components,the isoflavone components were analyzed using the determination of absorbance peaks method by HPLC.The results showed that there were different maximum ultraviolet(UV)absorbance for the aglycones of daidzein,glycitein,and genistein,which were at 250,257,and 260 nm,respectively.A linear gradient elution of acetonitrile(13-30%)containing 0.1% acetic acid as a mobile phase was applied on a YMC-C18 column at 35℃.The 12 isoflavone components were determined using the UV detector by HPLC.We concluded that this is a rapid and precise method which adapted to determine the large numbers of samples with microanalysis.     

大豆籽粒异黄酮含量与生态因子相关关系的研究

 2001～2002年在河南省夏大豆主产区的5个试点,以豫豆25号为材料分13期播种,将109个大豆样本的异黄酮含量与气象、土壤养分和海拔等33个生态因子进行了逐步回归统计分析。结果表明,9个生态因子与大豆异黄酮含量密切相关。并明确了在夏大豆鼓粒成熟期较低的均温和较大的昼夜温差有利于异黄酮的积累;在出苗期较多的日照和较低的均温有利于异黄酮的形成;出苗期降水与异黄酮含量呈二次抛物线曲线关系,75mm是最佳值;分枝期较小的昼夜温差利于异黄酮的形成;土壤中较高的有机质含量和较低的硫含量也有利于异黄酮含量的提高。在本     

中国大豆资源异黄酮含量及其组分的遗传变异和演化特征

【目的】中国拥有丰富的栽培大豆和野生大豆资源,研究不同生态区大豆种质异黄酮含量的遗传变异和演化特征为专用型品种的选育奠定基础。【方法】以来自中国各生态区的580份地方品种、106份育成品种、209份野生大豆组成的895份大豆种质为材料,88份国外品种为参照,采用快速高效液相色谱法测定12种大豆籽粒异黄酮,分析其遗传变异和演化特征。【结果】全国野生大豆、地方品种与育成品种大豆异黄酮总含量(TISF)及其组分均存在很大变异。TISF变幅分别为927.29—7932.94、259.38—7725.45和489.67—5968.90μg·g-1,平均分别为2994.51、3241.33和2704.83μg·g-1。从野生种到地方品种再到育成品种,长期人工育种使染料木苷类总含量(尤其是丙二酰基染料木苷)与黄豆苷类总含量(尤其是乙酰基黄豆苷和丙二酰基黄豆苷)增加,大豆苷类总含量(尤其是乙酰基大豆苷)却明显降低,从而导致育成品种平均TISF低于野生种。各生态区的野生和栽培种质的TISF及其组分均有大量变异。野生种TISF与种质来源地经、纬度无显著性相关,栽培种则由于各地人工进化的差异形成了与地理经、纬度均有极显著负相关(r=-0.264和-0.380)的特点。从983份材料中优选出ZYD3621(TISF7932.94μg·g-1)、N3188(TISF7725.45μg·g-1)、N20793(TGL5122.21μg·g-1)等一批高TISF与高组分特异种质可供异黄酮育种利用。【结论】中国从野生种到地方品种再到育成品种,异黄酮含量及其组分的演化特点为栽培大豆平均异黄酮总含量、染料木苷类与黄豆苷类总含量均高于野生种,大豆苷类总含量低于野生种。中国各生态区域内大豆异黄酮及其组分均有丰富变异,从中筛选出一批高含量、高组分种质可供异黄酮育种利用。     

Genetic Analysis of Combining Abilities and Heterosis for the Contents of Soybean Isoflavone and Its Components Among the Soybean Varieties [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

The genetic analysis of soybean isoflavone content and its components were carried out based on the NC Ⅱ mating design in eight soybean varieties. The results showed that the isoflavone contents and its components of soybean seed are quite differences among the tested materials, the contents of isoflavone and daidzein are controlled not only by additive effects and but also by non-additive effects, while the content of genistin is dominated by non-additive effects,and genistein, glycitin and daidzin are mainly controlled by additive effects. There are significant differences in the contents of isoflavone and its components among the combinations derived from different parents. Results also indicated that the tested traits are negatively heterosis except for the contens of daidzein and daidzin are positively heterosis based on the data of the GCA and SCA in average heterosis values. In this research we have a suggestion that soybean variety with high isoflavone should be used as one of the parents in the breeding program, and it is the best choice that the combinations crossed between two high isoflavone varieties or a high variety and a low one.     

大豆异黄酮及其组分含量的配合力和杂种优势

 为了能在大豆异黄酮及其组分的育种中合理选配亲本，利用杂种优势，本研究选用8个异黄酮含量不同的大豆品种采用NCⅡ设计配置杂交组合，对大豆籽粒异黄酮及其组分含量进行遗传分析。研究结果表明，大豆籽粒异黄酮及其组分含量在供试品种间表现有明显的差异，籽粒异黄酮含量和黄豆甙元既受加性效应又受非加性效应的控制，染料木甙主要受非加性效应控制，染料木素、大豆甙元和大豆甙这3个性状的遗传主要受加性效应控制；不同亲本组配的不同组合的GCA和SCA差异较大。在中亲优势测定中，除黄豆甙元含量和大豆甙表现为正向超亲外，其余性状均表现为负向超亲。本研究认为在大豆高异黄酮育种中应选择高异黄酮材料作为亲本之一，选配组合时亲本最好采用高×高类型或高×低类型配置组合。     

Genetic Analysis of Embryo, Cytoplasm and Maternal Effects and Their Environment Interactions for Isoflavone Content in Soybean [Glycine max （L.） Merr.]

Soybean seed products contain isoflavones （genistein, daidzein, and glycitein） that display biological effects when ingested by humans and animals. These effects are species, dose and age dependent. Therefore, the content and quality of isoflavones in soybeans is a key factor to the biological effect. Our objective was to identify the genetic effects that underlie the isoflavone content in soybean seeds. A genetic model for quantitative traits of seeds in diploid plants was applied to estimate the genetic main effects and genotype x environment （GE） interaction effects for the isoflavone content （IC） of soybean seeds by using two years experimental data with an incomplete diallel mating design of six parents. Results showed that the IC of soybean seeds was simultaneously controlled by the genetic effects of maternal, embryo, and cytoplasm, of which maternal genetic effects were most important, followed by embryo and cytoplasmic genetic effects. The main effects of different genetic systems on IC trait were more important than environment interaction effects. The strong dominance effects on isoflavone from residual was made easily by environment conditions. Therefore, the improvement of the IC of soybean seeds would be more efficient when selection is based on maternal plants than that on the single seed. Maternal heritability （65.73%） was most important for IC, followed by embryo heritability （25.87%） and cytoplasmic heritability （8.39%）. Based on predicated genetic effects, Yudou 29 and Zheng 90007 were better than other parents for increasing IC in the progeny and improving the quality of soybean, The significant effects of maternal and embryo dominance effects in variance show that the embryo heterosis and maternal heterosis are existent and uninfluenced by environment interaction effects.     

Genetic Analysis on Isoflavone Content in Soybean Seeds

Fifteen combinations with six soybean cultivars of different isoflavone content were formulated and planted in a randomized complete-block design model; genetic factors of isoflavone quantity were analyzed. Resuits indicated that genetic factors of isoflavone contents in F2 population inherited quantitatively. Isoflavone content of F1, F2 seeds normally trended. There were heterosis in F1, F2 of most combinations, and also heterobeltiosis in part of the crosses. The broad sense heritability of F2 was higher in parts of the crosses. It predicted the selection might be carried out preliminarily in F2 hybrids. There was significant positive correlation between hybrids and mid-parent.     

QTL Mapping of Isoflavone,Oil and Protein Contents in Soybean （Glycine max L. Merr.）

Soybean （Glycine max L. Merr.） is the world＇s foremost source of edible plant oil and proteins, meantime, the biologically active secondary metabolites such as saponins and isoflavones are benefit to human health. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci （QTL） and epistatic interactions associated with isoflavone, protein, and oil contents in soybean seeds. An F13 recombinant inbred line （RIL） comprising 474 lines was derived from a cross between Jindou 23 and Huibuzhi cultivars. SSR technique was employed for mapping of the QTLs. The QTLs for isoflavone, protein, and oil contents were analyzed and 23 QTLs were detected based on the constructed linkage map. Six QTLs for isoflavone content were localized in linkage groups J, N, D2, and G, eleven QTLs for oil content were localized in the linkage groups A1, A2, B2, C2, and D2, and six QTLs for protein content were localized in linkage groups B2, C2, G, and H1. The correlative analysis demonstrated that the isoflavone content had significant correlation with protein content, while significantly negative correlations was existed between oil and protein content, and significantly positive correlations was existed between protein and oil content. All these findings have laid an important basis for the marker assisted breeding in soybean. The phenotypic correlations of quantitative traits may be resulted from the correlation of the QTL controlling those traits.     

Studies on the Correlations Between Isoflavone Contents in Soybean Seed and the Eco-Physiological Factors

The soybean cultivar Yudou25 was sown at 5 locations of Henan Province on 13 different dates in 2001 and 2002. The data of isoflavone contents for the 109 samples of soybean seed and 33 eco-physiological factors including meteorological factors, soil nutrition and altitudes were received and used for statistical analysis. The step-wise regression was used to screen the correlated factors, which significantly effected isoflavone contents. Results showed that 9 eco-physiological factors were highly correlated with isoflavones. Low mean temperature, high diurnal temperature range at seed filling and maturity, more sunlight hours and low mean temperature at emergence were favorable to isoflavone accumulation. The rainfall at emergence showed a nonlinear relationship with isoflavone content and its optimum value was 75 mm for isoflavone formation. Low diurnal temperature range at branching, high organic matter and low sulfur content in soil were suitable for the formation of isoflavones. The isoflavone contents would not be affected by other eco-physiological factors in this study.