不同配伍下黄芪——当归的药理研究进展

黄芪和当归药对作为临床常用的气血双补药对,在临床上被广泛用于妇科、内科、外科等方面的病症,本文从药理作用、药效机制,临床表现等方面进行了综合探讨,以阐述黄芪、当归配伍在造血、免疫以及对脏器影响等几方面的药理作用。     

猪的死胎原因及其预防措施

本文介绍了猪死胎的原因及预防死胎的措施。其原因有营养与饲料方面、疾病方面、管理方面、遗传方面和母体方面等。防止死胎的措施如复合预混料的应用、严防用发霉变质饲料喂猪,管理得当和做好防疫灭病工作等。     

地表水特定项目中有机物检测技术的探讨

对109项特定项目中有机物的检测,主要应该考虑设备、资金、人员、技术等方面的因素,技术方面又包括前处理方法、检测方法、标样、人员培训等.本文针对以上方面所存在的问题进行了探讨.     

地表水特定项目中有机物检测技术的探讨

对109项特定项目中有机物的检测,主要应该考虑设备、资金、人员、技术等方面的因素,技术方面又包括前处理方法、检测方法、标样、人员培训等。本文针对以上方面所存在的问题进行了探讨。     

夏季奶牛热应激的发生及综合防治

本文从夏季热应激对奶牛采食、产奶、繁殖等方面的影响入手,从外界高温、奶牛自身因素和环境应激等3方面分析了奶牛热应激发生的原因,并着重从改变圈舍结构、遗传选育、加强饲养管理、合理调整日粮和添加抗应激剂等方面提出了综合防治措施。     

提高母犬繁殖力的措施

犬的繁殖力是指犬维持正常生殖功能、繁殖后代的能力.母犬繁殖力取决于其性成熟的早晚、发情是否正常、排卵数的多少、卵子的受精能力、妊娠期的长短和哺育幼仔的能力等. 1 做好选种工作 犬只的个体好坏是整个繁殖过程的基础和重要保证.选种和留种应从犬的遗传方面和个体品质方面进行选择.遗传方面,应根据系谱选择繁殖性能好的犬,主要在产仔数、产仔性能和母性等方面加以选择;个体品种方面,应从符合品种标准、健康情况、生殖器官发育情况和无疾病等方面加以选择.     

简述紫外线疗法的照射技术

紫外线疗法是利用紫外线照射来防治疾病的一种物理治疗技术,在预防疾病、杀灭病菌等方面具有应用简便、有效、成本低等优势,本文将从组成、杀菌原理等方面探讨其在动物疾病治疗方面的应用前景。     

发酵饲料在畜禽日粮中的应用

本文通过对发酵饲料在畜禽日粮中应用的主要作用入手分析,然后从养猪方面的应用、反刍动物方面的应用、家禽方面的应用、水产中的应用等方面进行具体分析,系统阐述发酵饲料在畜禽日粮中的主要应用,并提出目前我国发酵饲料存在添加量无法有效控制、没有统一生产技术标准等问题,需要进一步得到改善的建议。     

辽宁省生猪生产现状及对策建议初探

生猪是我国人民肉类的主要来源,生猪生产在保障人民食品安全方面有着至关重要的作用。辽宁省是农业大省,生猪养殖有着得天独厚的条件,生猪养殖是一个庞大的产业链,涉及养加销等多个环节,关联着种植业、畜牧业、饲料业、兽药等相关产业,在促进地方经济发展、增加农民收入、提供就业岗位等方面起着重要作用。本文从辽宁生猪生产现状入手,从品种、数量、疾病等方面分析了辽宁生猪生产的现状,从生产、成本、定价权等方面剖析了生猪生产存在的问题,并对生产形势进行了预测,以期为辽宁省生猪生产提供有益参考。     

奶牛腐蹄病的防治研究进展

通过对奶牛腐蹄病的病因、治疗及预防等方面研究进展的阐述,从日粮营养、运动场结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面,提出实用而有效的防治措施。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

两种绿头鸭肌肉营养成分分析及评价

本试验旨在研究两种绿头鸭（白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭）肌肉营养组成和价值,为绿头鸭肉产品的开发利用提供基础数据和理论依据。选择白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭60只（每个品种各30只,公母各半）,依照国家标准测定胸肌粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、胆固醇含量及氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素和维生素的组成和含量,并对胸肌进行氨基酸评价及脂肪酸营养价值评价。结果显示,白羽绿头鸭肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;两种绿头鸭肌肉中均检测到17种含量大于0.01%的氨基酸,其中白羽绿头鸭肌肉苏氨酸、组氨酸、丝氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,赖氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到13种含量均大于0.01%的脂肪酸,其中白羽绿头鸭硬脂酸和油酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到9种矿物质元素（钠、镁、钾、钙、锰、铁、铜、锌和硒）,两种绿头鸭差异不显著（P>0.05）;检测到8种维生素,白羽绿头鸭肌肉维生素B₁含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,维生素D和维生素E含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）。两种绿头鸭肌肉氨基酸比例接近世卫组织推荐的理想模式,富含人体所需的矿物质元素和维生素,具有广阔的开发利用前景。     

几个柑橘品种实生苗的抗旱性评价研究

以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明：胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

不同品种苜蓿生产性能测定试验

[目的]为了筛选适应临泽县种植的高产优质苜蓿品种。[方法]选择阿迪娜、金皇后、阿尔冈金和甘农3号4个苜蓿品种在统一管理的情况下对生产性能、营养指标进行比对试验。[结果]结果表明,在相同条件下,粗蛋白平均含量最高是阿迪娜,含量达19.25%,其次是金皇后、甘农3号、阿尔冈金,含量依次为19.15%、19.05%、19.05%;酸性洗涤纤维含量最低的是金皇后,31.75%,其次是阿尔冈金、阿迪娜和甘农3号,含量依次为32.75%、33.15%、33.75%;中性洗涤纤维含量最低的是金皇后,41.9%,其次是阿迪娜、甘农3号、阿尔冈金,含量依次为41.9%、42.2%、43.05%。第二年干草产量最高是阿迪娜,达14 706 kg/hm^2,其次是金皇后、甘农3号、阿尔冈金,分别达到14 402 kg/hm^2,14 231 kg/hm^2、13 804 kg/hm^2。[结论]根据综合生产性能表现,阿迪娜是比较适应我县种植的高产优质苜蓿品种。     

Evaluation of Indicators of Weight-Carrying Ability of Light Riding Horses

To answer the question of whether horse height, cannon bone circumference, and loin width can be used as indicators of weight-carrying ability in light horses, eight mature horses underwent a submaximal mounted standard exercise test under four conditions: carrying 15, 20, 25, or 30% of their body weight. Heart rate was monitored, plasma lactate concentration was determined in jugular blood samples pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and 10 minutes post-exercise, with serum creatine kinase activity determined at the same times as plasma lactate concentrations, with additional samples collected at 24 hours and 48 hours post-exercise. Muscle soreness and muscle tightness scores were determined using a subjective scoring system 24 hours before and 24 hours after exercise. Heart rates remained significantly higher when the horses carried 25 and 30% of their body weight. Plasma lactate concentrations immediately and 10 minutes after exercise differed when horses carried 30% of their body weight compared with 15, 20, and 25% weight carriage. Horses tended to have a greater change in muscle soreness and muscle tightness when carrying 25% of their body weight, and a significant change in soreness and tightness scores was found in horses carrying 30% of their body weight. Loin width and cannon bone circumference were found to be negatively correlated to the changes in muscle soreness and tightness scores. In conclusion, the data suggest that horses with wider loin and thicker cannon bone circumference became less sore when carrying heavier weight loads.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats

A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified.     

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition of Muscles of Two Kinds of Mallard

This experiment was aimed to study the nutritional content and value of the muscles of two mallards (White feather mallard and mallard),and provide basic data and theoretical basis for the development and utilization of mallard meat products.60 White feathered mallards and mallards (30 for each breed,half of male and female) were chosen,and the composition and content of pectoral muscle crude protein,crude fat,cholesterol,amino acids,fatty acids,trace elements and vitamins were determined according to national standards and the nutritional values of muscle were evaluated.The results showed that the content of crude protein in muscle of White feather mallard was significantly lower than that of mallard (P<0.05).17 kinds of amino acids with contents higher than 0.01% were detected in the muscles of the two kinds of mallards,among which the contents of threonine,histidine,serine and proline in the muscles of the White feather mallard were significantly higher than those of mallard (P<0.05).The contents of lysine,glutamate and arginine were significantly lower than those of mallard (P<0.05).13 kinds of fatty acids with contents higher than 0.01% were detected,and the contents of stearic acid and oleic acid were significantly lower than those of the mallard.9 mineral elements (sodium,magnesium,potassium,calcium,manganese,iron,copper,zinc and selenium) in two kinds of mallards were detected,and there was no significant difference between the two kinds of mallards (P>0.05).8 kinds of vitamins were detected,and the content of vitamin B₁ in muscle of White feather mallard was significantly higher than that of mallard (P<0.05),but the contents of vitamin D and vitamin E were significantly lower than that of mallard (P<0.05).The ratio of amino acids in muscle of two kinds of mallards was close to the ideal model recommended by WHO,which was rich in mineral elements and vitamins for human body,and had a broad prospect of development and utilization.     

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 利用单因素及正交试验法对高产虾青素酵母菌株摇瓶发酵条件进行探索。结果表明,碳源以葡萄糖为宜,氮源以硫酸铵为宜,葡萄糖、硫酸铵、磷酸二氢钾、酵母膏和番茄汁最适添加量分别为4%、0.4%、0.4%、0.6%和0.6%,培养基最适初始pH值为5,最适培养温度为22 ℃,最适装液量以50 mL/500 mL(发酵液体积/三角瓶体积)。