Artificial regeneration with <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">Quercus ilex</Emphasis> L. and <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">Quercus suber</Emphasis> L. by direct seeding and planting in southern Spain

 Introduction   

The limited ability of Quercus species to regenerate naturally in Mediterranean forests has led to the development of various artificial regeneration methods; however, there is no general consensus as to what specific method is the best one for this purpose.     

Carbon in heartwood,sapwood and bark along the stem profile in three Mediterranean <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus</Emphasis> species

• Context   

Understanding biological processes in forests is necessary to orientate ecosystem management towards potential C sequestration. To achieve this, information is required about changes in forest biomass C pools, including the stem components (bark, sapwood and heartwood).     

Estimation of tree biomass,carbon pool and net primary production of an old-growth <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus kesiya</Emphasis> Royle ex. Gordon forest in north-eastern India

• Background  

The data on carbon pool and biomass distribution pattern of old-growth Pinus kesiya Royle ex. Gordon forests are not available.     

Canopy structure analysis for estimating forest regeneration dynamics and growth in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nothofagus pumilio</Emphasis> forests

•Introduction   

Silviculture systems applied in Nothofagus pumilio forests are based on opening the canopy to stimulate natural regeneration by modifying light and soil moisture. The objective is to evaluate regeneration dynamics of N. pumilio along different forest canopy and solar radiation gradients.     

Modelling the risks of natural stand closure release with ageing in pure beech (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Fagus sylvatica</Emphasis>) and spruce (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Picea abies</Emphasis>) stands

• Background  

In the development of pure beech and pure spruce pristine forests, we assume there should be a continuous transition from full stocking to successive disintegration and, finally, total replacement of the first generational wave at the end of its lifetime, dependent on mortality due to overcrowding as well as ageing, leading newly recruited cohorts to grow up from below.     

Fagacées: a tree-centered growth and yield model for sessile oak (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Quercus petraea</Emphasis> L.) and common beech (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Fagus sylvatica</Emphasis> L.)

• Introduction  

Fagacées is a growth model that has been developed for pure Oak or Beech stand management in even-aged high forests and coppice with standards forests. It has been calibrated for the plain forests of northern France.     

Lack of genetic differentiation after host range extension argues for the generalist nature of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pityogenes chalcographus</Emphasis> (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

Context  

The bark beetle, Pityogenes chalcographus, is one of the main pests in Picea abies stands, and it has also been found on other European Pinaceae species. With massive introductions of North American conifer species into European forests, this insect has extended its host range to exotic Pinaceae species.     

Changes in forest structure and composition on Changbai Mountain in Northeast China

Introduction   

Long-term ecological studies are essential for understanding the dynamics of natural systems. However, describing long-term dynamics in old-growth forests is often hindered by a lack of archival data.     

Tourism-induced deforestation outside Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve,northeast China

• Introduction   

Old-growth forests on Changbai Mountain are economically and ecologically important but have been fragmented outside Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve. The trend of forest landscape degradation on Changbai Mountain threatens forest sustainability and biodiversity conservation in the region. Previous studies have focused mainly on the structure and function of protected forests but have ignored managed forests outside the reserve border.     

Storm-induced tree resistance and chemical differences in Norway spruce (Picea abies)

Introduction   

Windstorm is one of the most destructive environmental disturbance factors on forests, but its influence on conifer defense chemistry and susceptibility to insects and diseases is not well understood.     

Changes within collembolan communities in windthrown European montane spruce forests 2 years after disturbance by fire

• Context   

In July 2005, a wildfire occurred in windthrown spruce forests in High Tatra Mountains and damaged roughly 229 ha of previously clear-cut area.     

Unexpected seedling growth in the understory of post-agricultural forests from Eastern Canada

•Introduction  

The agricultural landscape in Eastern Canada has drastically changed in the last decades. Whilst certain forest communities are disappearing, post-agricultural forests are emerging from old fields colonized by fast-growing tree species.     

Changes in carbon density for three old-growth forests on Changbai Mountain,Northeast China: 1981–2010

Introduction  

The old-growth forests on Changbai Mountain have been well protected from human activities and provide a living laboratory for studying forest carbon sequestration under natural environmental conditions.     

Contribution of forest management artefacts to plant diversity at a forest scale

• Introduction   

Most temperate forests are managed for wood production, and some forestry practices generate typical environmental features such as roads, paths, ditches and tractor ruts, which are likely to affect forest species distribution.     

Using airborne laser scanning data for detecting canopy gaps and their understory type in mature boreal forest

• Introduction   

Canopy gap dynamics in old-growth boreal forests is a result of tree mortality caused by insects, diseases, or meteorological phenomena. Canopy gaps improve the possibilities of natural regeneration, and concentrations of decomposed deadwood are often found in these natural openings, which provide specific habitats for many deadwood-dependent species and organisms.     

Capsis: an open software framework and community for forest growth modelling

Context  

Forest scientists build models to simulate stand growth and forests dynamics. Dedicated computer tools are often developed to implement these models in order to run silvicultural scenarios and explore simulation results.     

At which spatial scale are plant species composition and diversity affected in beech forests?

• Context  

Landscape structure is crucial for forest conservation in regions where the natural forest is fragmented. Practical conservation is currently shifting from local stands to a landscape perspective, although few studies have tested the relative effects of different spatial scales on plant species composition and diversity in forests.     

Spatio-temporal litterfall dynamics in a 60-year-old mixed deciduous forest

Introduction  

To increase our understanding of litterfall dynamics in mixed-species forests, seasonal and annual variations in litterfall mass and nutrient concentrations were assessed for a 60-year-old spontaneously developed forest dominated by silver birch (Betula pendula Roth), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), and northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) in Belgium.     

Reproductive phenology of Brazilian savannas and riparian forests: environmental and phylogenetic issues

Introduction   

The reproductive phenology of plants is expected to be influenced by climatic factors and by the phylogenetic history of the species. In savannas, the peaks of flowering and fruiting are associated with climate seasonality. However, there is still a controversy about the reproductive phenology of plants in riparian forests, a vegetation type that does not experience a severe water shortage.     

ALS-based estimation of plot volume and site index in a eucalyptus plantation with a nonlinear mixed-effect model that accounts for the clone effect

Introduction  

Most airborne laser scanning (ALS) studies have been carried out in semi-natural forests, but some research has also been carried out in plantations. Results indicate that methods similar to those which are used in semi-natural forest are also usable in plantation forestry. The study was conducted in a pulpwood plantation growing Eucalyptus urograndis in Bahia State, Brazil.