阿维菌素驱除猪体内寄生虫实验

用猪为实验对象，分为2个实验组和1个对照组，比较了阿维菌素1%的注射液和伊维菌素1%的注射液，驱除猪体内寄生虫的效果。结果驱虫后第9天，粪便中线虫虫卵的转阴率均为100%，线虫虫卵减少率均为100%，表明阿维菌素能有效驱除猪体内线虫，且达到伊维菌素驱除体内线虫的效果。两种药物对妊娠母猪的怀孕和哺乳仔猪没有产生可见影响。     

阿维菌素驱杀牛疥螨的效果观察

以自然患有疥螨病的黄牛为试验动物，分别用1％阿维菌素注射和1％伊维菌素注射液按每千克体重0．02mL的剂量颈部皮下注射，各治疗一组，另设一个对照组。用药后第7天、重复用药一次，观察阿维菌素的驱虫效果。用药后第14、21、28天虫体转阴率为100％。该药对妊娠母牛、哺乳母牛、哺乳犊牛均无不良影响。     

伊维菌素对驱除猪疥螨的效果

本试验测定了伊维菌素混到饲料中喂饲(试验1,头数为24)和皮下注射(试验2,头数为22)对驱除猪疥螨的效果。试验1处理组饲料中伊维菌素含量按100和200薇克/千克体重/日配制,饲喂7天;对照组用无药饲料饲喂7天。试验2中处理组猪用100和200薇克/千克体重皮下注射两次,间隔7天。试验后,14和28天分别检查猪疥螨数。结果表明伊维菌素混到饲料中和皮下注射的效果都显著,但混到饲料中较皮下注射的效果好。处理后14天混到饲料中100和200徽克/千克体重/日将螨全部杀灭。间隔7天两次皮下注射100和200微克/千克伊维菌素的驱除效果分别为99.32％和99.61％。     

阿维菌素和伊维菌素对猪疥螨驱除效果研究

将30头感染疥螨的猪分成3组,用来测定阿维菌素类药物对疥螨的治疗效果,第1组注射1%阿维菌素注射液,第2组注射1%伊维菌素注射液,另设一不用药组作为对照。用药后第7天,重复用药1次,用药后第14、21、28天疥螨全部死亡,并且该类药对妊娠母猪、哺乳母猪、哺乳仔猪均无不良影响。     

阿维菌素浇泼剂治疗猪疥螨试验

阿维菌素浇泼剂是一种新型的预防和治疗家畜体内外寄生虫的驱虫药 ,尤其能有效地对抗侵害猪的各种疥螨。为了验证其确实效果 ,笔者进行了本次试验 ,报告如下。1　治疗方法　 ( 1 )阿维菌素浇泼剂为蓝色液体 ,塑料瓶装 ,每瓶 1 0 0 ml,由北京中农华威科技有限公司提供 ,批号 :990 2 1 4。用精制敌百虫为对照药物 ,江苏省江都市动物药厂生产 ,批号 :970 1 0 5。( 2 )试验动物与分组 ,选自某猪场自然感染疥螨的病猪 2 0头 ,平均体重 1 6.7kg,性别不拘 ,随机分为四组 ,平均每组 5头。第 1组用常量 ( 0 .5 mg/kg)阿维菌素治疗 ,第 2组用大剂量 ( …     

农用阿维菌素防治猪疥螨效果好

防治猪疥螨一直是猪场的一大难题,每年的春、秋季猪场管理者都要为驱虫工作犯难,投入和效益始终很矛盾,尽管防治猪疥螨的方法很多,但是要从众多的方案中选择一个既省钱又有效的方法却很不容易。笔者受农用阿维菌素防治园林观赏灌木红蜘蛛(一种农业害螨)良好效果的启发,将其用来防治育肥猪的疥螨,取得了很好的效果。2006年2月初西1育肥舍有120多头猪由于得了疥螨病,皮肤上密布红色小疙瘩,皮肤又红又黄,并形成皱缩和干痂,患猪到处蹭痒,到了出售日龄却达不到出栏体重。2月9日傍晚,笔者取1.8%阿维菌素(青岛东生药业有限公司生产,100mL/瓶)10mL…     

应用阿维菌素、伊维菌素驱虫的几点体会

阿维菌素是一种高效安全、能同时驱杀体内外寄生虫的新型驱虫药。伊维菌素通过阿维菌素加氢还原所得，性质更加稳定。该药已被推广使用多年，其驱虫效果为广大用户肯定，但因用户使用方法不当，仍存在驱虫效果不佳、无效，甚至发生中毒等问题。为达到选用阿维菌素、伊维菌素驱虫的最佳效益，方便广大用户，本人将用药经验总结如下，供大家参考。1正确选药市场上的阿维菌素有2类。合格产品是用阿维菌素菌丝体提炼后的纯品或伊维菌素来配制，适口性较好，毒副作用小。而市场假药多以菌丝体或菌丝体渣直接加入某些辅料配制而成，不但气味大，易…     

五种药物对猪疥螨病治疗效果的对比试验

2010年10月,雅安一猪场仔猪发生猪疥螨病。为了验证不同药物对疥螨病的治疗效果,对感染猪进行随机分组,用不同的药物进行治疗。结果表明:伊维菌素和阿维菌素的治愈率为100%,优于其他几种药物,与其他几种药物的治疗效果相比差异显著。     

阿力佳浇泼剂治疗犬疥螨病试验

为驱除犬体疥螨，笔者选自然感染疥螨病犬20只，试验1、2组各用犬8只，分别用阿力佳浇泼剂0.5mg/kg浇泼和敌百虫涂擦治疗，另4只为不用药对照组。治疗20天后，阿力佳组患犬病灶处已无螨虫，治疗愈率100%，体增重比对照组多18.5%；而敌百虫组患犬仍有疥螨2.1只/cm^2，体增重多11.86%，对照组13.5只/cm^2。两药物组效果差异显著，表明阿力佳浇泼剂治疗犬疥螨病优于敌百虫。     

Experimental quantification of the transmission of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis among finishing pigs

In this study, the rate of S. scabiei var. suis transmission among finishing pigs was quantified in a contact transmission experiment. Forty piglets originating from a mange free farrow-to-finish herd were randomly allocated to three groups and one S. scabiei var. suis infested finishing pig was subsequently added to each of these groups. After 35 days, the three seeder pigs were removed from the groups and the remaining 40 pigs were re-allocated to five pens. Ear scrapings, to be examined for mites, were collected from each pig on days 1, 14, 28, 42, 56, and 84 of the experiment. Blood samples, to be tested for antibodies against S. scabiei, were collected from each pig on days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84 and 112 after the introduction of the seeder pigs.From the results of the ear scrapings and the blood samples the number of susceptible (not infested) and infested pigs was derived at the time of each sample collection and the number of new infestations in the intervals between the sample collections. From these data the infestation rate parameter beta (average number of new infestations per infested pig per day) was estimated by use of a Generalised Linear Model (GLM) and accordingly, beta was estimated at 0.056 (95% CI: 0.037-0.085) infestations per infested pig per day.Next, by use of beta, the transmission of S. scabiei was simulated in a population of 100 finishing pigs for 100 days after the introduction of a single infested pig. For this purpose, 500 simulations were done. The 90% confidence interval of the number of infested pigs at day 100 ranged from 12 to 88 (median: 63). It was concluded that transmission of S. scabiei among finishing pigs is slow. Due to the presumed lower contact rate between sows as compared to finishing pigs, it is anticipated that transmission of S. scabiei among sows will even be slower than among finishers These findings are of particular interest for the development of surveillance programmes for S. scabiei free herds.     

Clinical Picture and Antibody Response in Pigs Infected by Sarcoptes scabiei var, suis

Abstract— Clinical signs and antibody responses were observed in juvenile SPF-pigs experimentally infected with Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis and in neonatal pigs born to a sow cronically infected with S. scabiei. Mange became evident after 2–3 weeks. Three SPF-pigs, which were infected twice, developed clinical signs a few days earlier than three other SPF-pigs infected once. Serum antibodies to S. scabiei were demonstrated by an ELISA, using an extract of S. scabiei var. vulpes as an antigen, 5–7 weeks after the experimental infection and significant levels of antibody to S. scabiei were seen during the acute and chronic phases of the disease. Pruritus was seen at 4 days of age in piglets born to the infected sow. Maternal antibodies to S. scabiei were demonstrated within 6 h reaching mean maximum levels between 24 and 48 h after birth. Résumé— Les symptômes et la réponse anticorps chez des pores SPF infestés expérimentalement par Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis et des porcelets nouveaux nés dans une porcherie infectée chroniquement par Sarcoptes scabiei one étéétudiés. La gale est apparue au bout de deux à trois semaines. Trois pores SPF, qui ont été infectés deux fois, ont présenté des symptômes quelques jours avant trois porcelet SPF infectés une seule fois. Les anticorps spécifiques de Sarcoptes scabiei ont été mis en évidence par une technique EIA, utilisant comme antigène des extraits de Sarcoptes scabiei tar. vulpes, 5 à 7 semaines après l'inoculmation. Des taux significatifs ont été observés tant pendant la phase aigue aue la phase chronique de la maladie. Le prurit était observé dès l'âge de 4 jours pour les porcelets nés dans la porcherie infectée. Des anticorps maternels spécifiques Sarcoptes scabiei ont été mis en evidence dès la sixième heure, avec des pics maximum entre 24 et 48 heures après la mise-bas.     

Hemagglutinating factor in an extract of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis (De Geer)

A naturally occurring hemagglutinating factor to tanned human O positive, ovine and porcine erythrocytes was found in extracts from Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. This hemagglutinating factor did not react with bovine, equine or avian erythrocytes. This factor was demonstrated by microscopic examination of the tanned erythrocytes and by the passive hemagglutination assay.     

Serological survey of Sarcoptes scabies var. suis infection using colostrum samples: preliminary results

Pig mange was investigated serologically in colostral samples with ELISA using Chekit Sarcoptest. This test has already been using to investigate sera samples from swine in veterinary practice. A total of 684 sow colostral samples were collected from 24 mange free breeding units and 6 units with clinical manifestation of mange infestation. The specificity of the test was more than 99% and the mean seroprevalence 30% (range 6% to 100%). This simple method will allow in the future not only the rapid and certain diagnosis of pig mange but also the screening of pig breeding units after eradication of the disease.     

Production performance and pruritic behaviour of pigs naturally infected by Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in a contact transmission experiment

Reports on the effects of mange on the production performance of pigs are conflicting. So far, studies have used experimental infections, by depositing encrusted lesions from chronically infected pigs into the ears of experimental pigs. However, this is a poor representation of what happens under natural field conditions. The purpose of our study was to quantify the effects of sarcoptic mange on production performance and pruritus in pigs that were infected by contact with S. scabiei var. suis-infected pigs. A total of 80 piglets were matched by sex and weight and randomly divided between experimental and control compartments. In the experimental compartment, each of three naturally S. scabiei var. suis-infested pigs were randomly allocated to three pens with 13 susceptible pigs each. From day 0 to 35, the growth performance of pigs in the experimental compartment was significantly (P=0.04) worse (35 g/d) than of pigs in the control compartment. From day 35 to 112, there was a statistical trend (P=0.10) that the growth performance of pigs in the experimental compartment was lower (50 g/d) than that of pigs in the control compartment. For the complete fattening period (0-112 or more days), the growth performance of pigs in the experimental compartment was significantly (P=0.05) worse (41 g/d) than that of pigs in the control compartment. Mean feed conversion ratio (kg feed per kg gain) was 2% higher in the experimental compartment compared with the control compartment. Pigs in the experimental compartment had a nine times (95% CI: 2 - 44) higher chance of showing pruritic behaviour than pigs in the control compartment.     

Persistent efficacy of doramectin and ivermectin against experimental infestations of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in swine

Two studies were performed to compare the persistent efficacy of doramectin and ivermectin in swine experimentally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. In the Study 1, 84 pigs were treated with doramectin, ivermectin, or saline solution on Day 0. Pigs were then challenged with mites on Days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, or 42. Weekly evaluations were performed for 5 weeks following challenge with mites. Weekly evaluations included physical examination for clinical signs of sarcoptic mange and collection of skin scrapings for determination of mite counts. In the Study 2, 80 pigs were treated with doramectin, ivermectin, or saline solution on Day 0, and challenged with mites on Days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, or 27. Weekly evaluations were performed for 6 weeks after challenge exposure. All negative-control (saline-treated) animals in both studies developed evidence of mite infestation. In the Study 1, doramectin prevented mite infestations 7 days longer than ivermectin. Results from the Study 2 indicated that the persistent efficacy of doramectin was 18 days on the basis of mite recovery. This was twice as long as the persistent efficacy of ivermectin, which was 9 days on the basis of mite recovery.     

Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in a closed pig breeding and fattening herd and control possibilities after treatment

On an Austrian pig breeding and finishing farm containing 13,000 pigs a mange prevalence of 38.7% according to the results of the skin scraping and 28.2% based on serology was determined. Due to the insufficient treatment (single treatment of the sows using Phoxim [Sebacil pour on]), sustainable control was impossible. That could be confirmed by the high number of mange positive gilts and finishing pigs. Before eradication started the following prevalences of mange could be found: sows 6.74% (skin scrapings), respectively 6.18% (serologically), gilts 18.18% resp 28.67%, finishing pigs 54.35% and 38.58%. The breeding stock for eradication was treated with doramectin (Dectomax) injectable solution and the finishing pigs with Ivomec-praemix, both applied twice. The success of treatment of the different farm units and of different age groups was controlled for the following ten months by combined diagnostic methods. In addition to skin scrapings, serum and colostral samples were carried out using a commercially available ELISA licensed for investigation of blood serum and colostrum. After treatment antibodies in the serum of the sows and gilts and Sarcoptes mites in their skin scrapings were detectable for up to four months after treatment. In serum samples of piglets and colostrum samples antibodies against Sarcoptes mites were detectable up to five months after final treatment. Due to the higher level and longer verifiability of antibodies in blood samples of piglets for five months after treatment and high prevalences their use as a diagnostic tool can be recommended. In contrast the use of colostral samples for routine diagnosis should be investigated more thoroughly. The comparison of the results of different diagnostic methods showed that for reliable mange diagnosis combined methods are recommended.     

Preventing transmission of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis from infested sows to nursing piglets by a prefarrowing treatment with doramectin injectable solution

Studies were conducted at swine facilities in Illinois and North Carolina to evaluate the effect of treatment with doramectin injectable solution on transmission prevention of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis from sows to nursing piglets. Approximately 42 days prefarrowing, 58 mange-free sows were experimentally infested with 200 S. scabiei in each ear. Seven to fourteen days prior to farrowing, 22 sows were given doramectin injectable intramuscularly at a dose of 300 microg/kg of body weight. A total of 21 sows served as untreated controls. Skin scrapings for mite counts and lesion scoring were performed on sows before treatment on day 21, and on either day 35 or 42. Each sow was observed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 or 42 for the incidence of scratching/rubbing. Skin scrapings, lesion scoring, and observation of scratching/rubbing were performed on the piglets after weaning and at the end of the nursery stage. Geometric mean mite counts of the untreated sows were 0.70 and 0.26 on days 21 and 35 or 42, respectively, and 0.00 for doramectin-treated sows over the same time periods (P<0.05). Lesions scores and the incidence of scratching/rubbing were both higher in the untreated sows as compared to the doramectin-treated sows during the same time periods (P<0.05). Geometric mean mite counts of piglets farrowed by untreated sows were 0.50 and 0.60 after weaning and at the end of the nursery stage, respectively, and 0.00 for piglets from doramectin-treated sows over the same time periods (P>0.05). Lesion scores and the incidence of scratching/rubbing were both higher in piglets from untreated sows as compared to those piglets from doramectin-treated sows (P<0.05). Treating S. scabiei-infested sows with doramectin injectable solution before farrowing eliminated mite infestation and prevented the transmission of S. scabiei to piglets.