金荞麦鲜草高产栽培技术研究

利用正交试验设计研究播种密度和氮磷钾肥对金荞麦鲜草产量的影响及其生产经济效益,结果表明:适宜的播种密度和氮磷钾肥合理施用能显著提高金荞麦的鲜草产量,增产效果依次为:磷钾肥>播种密度>氮肥,磷钾肥和播种密度对金荞麦产量影响明显。综合各处理的产量和经济效益,金荞麦的高产栽培方案为:种植密度株行距40 cm×60 cm,氮肥10 kg/667 m2,磷肥15 kg/667 m2和钾肥21 kg/667 m2。     

白花扁豆种植密度试验研究

为了究研白花扁豆在广西最适合种植的密度,对5个不同密度(播种量)试验组进行3次测产分析。试验结果表明,在本试验区鲜草产量最高的播种密度为A组(30cm×20cm),其次分别为B、C、D、E组。从本试验结果看,白花扁豆鲜草产量在一定的范围内与播种量成正比关系。     

南山绒毛草品种试验及生产试验报告

绒毛草与多年生黑麦草品种试验,测产两年,鲜草与干草产量差异均不显著,但绒毛草比多年生黑麦草相对增产,其增产率第一年鲜草增产６０９ ％ ,干草增产１２０ ％ 。第二年鲜草增产８２ ％ ,干草增产１２５ ％ 。在退化的多年生黑麦草与白三叶草混播的人工草地上补播与不补播绒毛草生产试验,测产两年,鲜草与干草产量差异显著或极显著。     

新型商产牧草鲁梅克斯引种栽培试验

通过在不同海拔高度设置4个点3个组的对比试验结果为:海拔400m以下A组年平均产鲁梅克斯鲜草128814.3kg/hm~2,B组均产107308.5kg/hm~2;海拔600～700m的A组年平均产鲁梅克斯121310.6kg/hm~2,B组年平均产107558.6kg/hm~2;海拔400～500m的C组年均产125312.6kg/hm~2。鲁梅克斯第1年种植均是3次测产,牧草生长良好。其产草量均高于我区其他牧草产量。该牧草引种栽培试验成功,将为西部大开发,退耕还草,大面积推广种植,改善生态环境,解决畜禽饲料,推动畜牧业的大发展起到重要作用。     

落盘式测定法在封育亚高山草甸产草量估测中的应用研究

为评价落盘式测定法在产草量估测中的应用效果,利用落盘式测产仪对封育亚高山草甸产草量进行估测试验．分析草层压缩高度与鲜草产量之间的相关性,建立并验证草地产草量的估测模型。结果表明,草层压缩高度与鲜草产量之间存在显著的线性关系,草地产草量的估测值与实测值之间显著相关。落盘式测定法能够对试验区封育亚高山产草量进行准确、快速的估测。     

优质高产青饲料──俄罗斯饲料菜

俄罗斯饲料菜,属藜科多年生宿根性植物,叶片宽大肥厚,成墩成簇生长,再生能力极强,分蘖快。自1990年引种,经八年繁殖栽培试验,俄罗斯饲料菜具有三大经济特点：一是产草量高。由于饲料菜生长力强,春、夏、秋三季可随割随长,北方每年可割3—4次,南方每年割4—5次,在高产栽培试验中每亩每次可收割鲜草4000—5000公斤。当年栽植,当年即可利用。栽植第二年即可达到标准产量,每亩约产鲜草15000—25000公斤。在同等栽培条件下,俄罗斯饲料菜比其它牧草产量高3—8倍。二是适口性好。俄罗斯饲料菜的质地细软,切碎后柔软多汁,微甜清香,…     

喀斯特山区禾本科牧草品种比较试验

对多年生黑麦草(卓越、庆典),多花黑麦草(蓝天堂、杰威)、苇状羊茅(法恩)、鸭茅(大使)、猫尾草(Tinothy)和无芒雀麦(旱地),进行两年试验比较。通过对牧草物候期、鲜草产量、植株高度、单株分蘖数进行测定,结果多花黑麦草(杰威)播种当年鲜草产量达76843.5kg/hm2,第二年产量比第一年产量下降51.9%,而多年生黑麦草(庆典)第二年产量达73179.0kg/hm2,比第一年产量上升。各供试品种均能适应当地自然条件,但猫尾草、无芒雀麦长势差,产量低,不能作为高产品种推广应用。     

喀斯特山区禾本科牧草品种比较试验

对多年生黑麦草(卓越、庆典),多花黑麦草(蓝天堂、杰威)、苇状羊茅(法恩)、鸭茅(大使)、猫尾草(Tinothy)和无芒雀麦(旱地),进行两年试验比较.通过对牧草物候期、鲜草产量、植株高度、单株分蘖数进行测定,结果多花黑麦草(杰威)播种当年鲜草产量达76 843.5 kg/hm2,第二年产量比第一年产量下降51.9%,而多年生黑麦草(庆典)第二年产量达73 179.0kg/hm2,比第一年产量上升.各供试品种均能适应当地自然条件,但猫尾草、无芒雀麦长势差,产量低,不能作为高产品种推广应用.     

不同播种方式对岷山红三叶草产量的影响

通过在海拔2 450 m的岷县南部高寒阴湿地区进行岷山红三叶Trifolium pratense cv.Minshan干草丰产栽培试验,得到以下结论：条播为岷山红三叶进行干草生产的最佳播种方式,行距以20 cm最为理想,该行距下生长速度快,而且产草量最高。播种当年A组（行距20 cm）鲜草产量比对照组(撒播)高出4 987.5 kg/hm2,是对照组的1.27倍,差异极显著（P＜0.01）;A组鲜草产量比B组（行距40 cm）高101 kg/hm2,差异显著（P<0.05）。生长第2年,A组鲜草产量均高于对照组和B组,是对照组的1.16倍,差异极显著（P＜0.01）,是B组的1.02倍,差异显著（P＜0.05）。不同播种方式对岷山红三叶鲜干比无影响。     

宁夏中卫南山台开发区红豆草引种试验

试验证明，红豆草不仅能适应该区气候和土壤条件，而且表现良好，其产草量当年播种，每公顷产鲜草 ９６００．４５ｋｇ，第二年为４６８０２．４ｋｇ，第三者为４６４９２．３５ｋｇ，第２￣３年是当年产草理的５倍；采种宜选择第二年以上地块，两茬每公顷收种２２５０ｋｇ左右，种子大，千粒重２２．７２ｇ，幼苗顶土力强，易栽培，翌年４月１０日左右返青，根系强大，侧根分枝多，单株２３条￣２５条，重１８ｇ￣３２ｇ，根瘤多。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.