张氏红山茶（Camelliachangii）原始分布区

文章对张氏红山茶原生地生境及其所属云开大山山系的地质和地史进行记录和分析后，认为张氏红山茶和云开大山古老的地层有关，是一个孑遗物种。其生命力极为顽强，在地质长河的变迁中适应了河尾山二岔河这一特殊生境：应对它就地保护，反对将此生境外繁殖的张氏红山茶作回归移植。     

应用SSR分子标记技术鉴定张氏红山茶杂交F1代真实性的研究

张氏红山茶 Camellia changii 是新兴的山茶属珍稀种质资源,在茶花杂交育种方面具有极高的科研价值。为建立鉴定张氏红山茶杂交后代的方法,本研究采用 SSR 标记技术,对以张氏红山茶为亲本的杂交后代以及所有杂交组合的亲本进行了分子鉴定。研究结果显示：张氏红山茶和博白大果油茶杂交后代仅有母本特征带,推测其有可能是自交种;张氏红山茶和超级南天武士的杂交后代出现了父母本均没有的条带,显示可能有外来血缘;其余组合杂交 F1代均包含了父母本的特征带,从而表明杂交是成功的。从本研究结果看,应用 SSR 分子标记技术,可以方便地对杂交后代的真实性进行鉴定。     

砧木及嫁接方法和时间对张氏红山茶嫁接成活率的影响

采用L16(43)正交试验设计方法,对影响张氏红山茶嫁接成活率的砧木种类、嫁接方法和嫁接时间等因子进行研究。结果表明:砧木种类和嫁接方法是影响张氏红山茶嫁接成活率的主要因子;3个因子不同水平对嫁接成活率的影响各有差异;以油茶大砧或红露珍做为砧木,采用皮接法嫁接张氏红山茶,全年均可嫁接,且其嫁接成活率均较高。     

不同促根剂处理对张氏红山茶扦插苗生长和光合特性的影响

对张氏红山茶扦插苗浇施不同的促根剂溶液,研究其对扦插苗生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明,使用"速生根"20 ppm和IBA 40 ppm处理对张氏红山茶扦插苗的促根效果明显,扦插苗的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)与苗的生长量基本一致,2种处理适宜用于张氏红山茶生产中提高扦插苗的移植成活率和培育壮苗。     

不同施肥处理方式对盆栽杜鹃红山茶苗木生长的影响

以杜鹃红山茶(Camellia azalea)为供试材料,比较研究5种不同施肥方式对杜鹃红山茶地径、苗高、叶片数和总叶绿素含量、年抽梢次数、开花数的影响。结果表明:施肥处理(春夏施氮肥,秋冬施磷肥)能较大地增加杜鹃红山茶苗木的地径、苗高、叶片数和叶绿素含量,有效促进杜鹃红山茶抽梢和开花,是较为经济合理的施肥方式,建议在生产上推广应用。       

3种山茶属植物花粉活力测定方法的比较

采用I-IK法、过氧化物酶法和TTC法对张氏红山茶、越南抱茎、南山茶新鲜花粉的活力进行了测定。3种方法测定的结果表明:3种花粉活力都在92.00%以上,南山茶的花粉活力最高,在90.20%~100.00%,越南抱茎茶次之在80.80%~99.40%,张氏红山茶在84.80%~96.00%。3种方法所测花粉活力存在显著差异或极显著差异。I-IK染色法所测花粉活力高于过氧化物酶法和TTC法所测花粉活力,此法染色快,并且染色清晰,可用于山茶花粉活力的快速测定;过氧化物酶法次之,TTC法所测花粉活力最小,这2种方法,染色需时长,而且染色不清晰,不适于快速测定山茶花花粉活力。     

杜鹃红山茶

山茶花素有“木本花卉王后”之美誉。继金花茶之后,茶花王国里又添新秀杜鹃红山茶。杜鹃红山茶以其独特的叶形、花形以及四季开花的特点,成为山茶科中奇异特殊的原种,吸引着广大山茶花爱好者和育种专家的目光,为中国乃至世界山茶花育种事业的发展开拓了更广阔的发展前景。杜鹃红山茶是山茶科山茶属的常绿灌木或小乔木,     

大花红山茶大砧撕皮嵌合枝接技术

为了更好地开发利用大花红山茶这一珍贵的树种资源，对其不同的人工繁殖方法进行了探讨，并重点摸索了用大花红山茶接穗与普通油茶大砧进行嵌合枝接的技术，文章介绍了大花红山茶大砧撕皮嵌合枝接的操作方法和技术要点。     

杜鹃叶山茶Camellia azalea 与红山茶组10 个物种间的杂交亲和性研究

采用常规育种的方法,以杜鹃叶山茶Camellia azalea和山茶属红山茶组10个原生物种作为杂交育种亲本,设计20个杂交组合,研究其种间杂交亲和性。结果显示,杜鹃叶山茶与红山茶组原生种间反交时的杂交亲和性和育种效率要显著于正交组合。与杜鹃叶山茶进行杂交的亲和性,最好的是多齿红山茶C. polyodonta、南山茶C. semiserrata和浙江红山茶C. chekiangoleosa,其次是尖萼红山茶C. edithae、长毛红山茶C. villosa、滇山茶C. reticulata和全缘红山茶C. subintegra,较差的是厚叶红山茶C. crassissima和怒江红山茶C. saluenensis,最差的是毛蕊红山茶C. mairei。     

杜鹃红山茶扦插繁育技术研究

杜鹃红山茶具有极好的观赏价值,花色鲜艳、花期长、四季开花,是一种可新兴开发的花卉品种。通过对扦插时间、基质、插穗组织充实程度等3个方面进行扦插繁育研究,结果表明杜鹃红山茶基本上常年可以进行扦插繁殖,扦插的基质以培养土+黄泥土(1∶2)为好,插穗要选择组织充实、粗壮、无病虫害的枝条。     

珍稀濒危植物杜鹃红山茶嫁接苗对水分胁迫的生理响应

在温室中采用模拟干旱的方法,研究杜鹃红山茶(Camellia changii)嫁接苗对水分胁迫的生理响应。研究表明:在干旱和复水过程中,叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、电导率、MDA、SOD、POD、CAT等生理指标的代谢情况虽各有不同,但变化指向适应干旱的环境,杜鹃红山茶嫁接苗可以适应20 d以内持续干旱的环境而不致死亡,复水后可以迅速恢复正常生长。研究认为,杜鹃红山茶嫁接苗具有较强的抗旱性,可在城市园林中推广应用。     

中国特有濒危植物杜鹃红山茶群落特征初步研究

杜鹃红山茶仅分布于广东阳春市鹅凰嶂省级自然保护区。在杜鹃红山茶群落中设置了6条5 m×80 m的样带。在样带中记录了维管植物182种(包括变种),隶属74科135属。植物区系以泛热带成分为优势,具有明显的热带北缘性质。群落可分为乔、灌、草3层,但结构比较残次。Shannon指数为3.48,远低于海南热带雨林类群。聚类和排序结果反映了植物群落类型和环境梯度之间的关系,表明影响杜鹃红山茶群落分布格局的主导生态因子为气候类型和海拔梯度。     

杜鹃红山茶在海南中部地区扦插育苗技术研究

为掌握杜鹃红山茶引种到海南中部地区的扦插育苗技术,通过扦插实验实验表明:杜鹃红山茶在11月的扦插生根效果最好,9月与3月的生根率也达到80%以上,故较好的扦插时节在中秋后至入夏之前;使用浓度为500mg/L的NAA浸泡枝条下部,生根率最高;半木质化的插穗生根效果最好;基质则以红壤土体积:河沙体积=1:1的混合基质效果最理想。     

Differences in the ultrastructure of their large warts allow white cypress pine (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Callitris glaucophylla</Emphasis>) to be distinguished from black cypress pine (<Emphasis Type="Italic">C. endlicheri</Emphasis>)

White cypress pine (Callitris glaucophylla) wood is durable enough to be used outdoors, but occasionally there are reports of its premature failure in ground contact, which may be due to its substitution by the less durable species, black cypress pine (C. endlicheri). It has been difficult to prove this, however, because the woods of both species are very similar in structure and cannot be separated using conventional anatomical features. This study examined whether differences in the size and morphology of warts on tracheid walls in the two species could be used to identify them. There were significant differences in the height, width and shape of warts in the two species, but there was considerable overlap in the distribution of these parameters between specimens. Warts in C. endlicheri were more likely to be bent-over near their tops than those in C. glaucophylla, and the angle bending of warts was greater in C. endlicheri. Quantification of these parameters produced complete separation of multiple specimens of the two species, and could potentially be used to help determine whether premature failure of C. glaucophylla heartwood in ground contact is the result of its substitution by C. endlicheri. More generally it can be concluded that the morphology of large warts may have taxonomic value in identifying coniferous wood species beyond the generic level.     

江西油茶栽培区划初探

超地理区城引种栽培油茶,导致生长发育不良、丰产性能降低甚至失败的结果。可能是历史上油茶造林由热变冷没有发展起来的重要原因之一。油茶物种的自然分布和适生的栽培区域反映了油荼的生态习性与所在的生态环境相一致的客观规律。基于这一理论基础,本文提出了油茶栽培区划的任务、目标与原则,对江西油茶栽培区划进行了初步探讨,但针对不同优良品系的栽培区划尚需进一步研究。     

樟树几种化学类型及近缘种的ISSR分析

利用ISSR分子标记分析了樟树3种化学类型及3个近缘种的亲缘关系和遗传多样性,从40条ISSR引物中筛选到具有多态性的引物15条用于PCR扩增,共扩增出133条DNA带,多态性条带比率为58.65%。供试样品的遗传相似系数变化范围在0.108~0.986之间。对35个样品进行聚类分析结果表明,所选材料在GD(遗传距离)约为0.21处可划分为樟树、油樟、云南樟、猴樟4大类群,在GD约为0.18处可将樟树的几种化学类型明显划分为芳樟、桉樟、脑樟3类,表明樟树种内具有丰富的遗传变异。     

Yellowing of disease? Or differentiating for adaptation? Study on Cinnamomum camphora ecotypes

Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl is an evergreen broad-leaved tree of the Lauraceae family, widely distributed in the sub-tropical areas in the south of China and used as a virescent tree in urban gardens and streets in Shanghai for its beautiful shape and intensive stress-resistance. However, yellowing of C. camphora in recent years casts doubt about its significance. We believe the green-leaved and yellow-leaved C. camphora might be two different ecotypes, and tentatively refer to the green-leaved C. camphora as C. camphora f. viridis f. nov (CCV) and the yellow-leaved as C. camphora f. flavus f. nov (CCF). We studied their differences and arrived at the following conclusions: 1) compared with CCF, the area of lamina of CCV is significantly larger and the amount of chlorophyll (Chl) significantly higher; 2) the lamina and palisade tissues of CCV are significantly thicker than those of CCF, but its cuticle is significantly thinner; 3) the shape of the stomata of CCV is different from that of the CCF; the stomatal density and stomatal index of CCV are significantly lower than those of CCF. These results show that C. camphora might evolve adaptive differentiation in some aspects which can be used in virescence in urban streets and gardens.