果子狸生殖腺的形态与组织结构研究

对成年果子狸生殖腺（卵巢、睾丸）进行大体解剖和显微观察,发现其生殖腺随季节性繁殖而出现周期性变化,繁殖旺季性腺明显增大且具有丰富的各级生殖细胞;休情期则显著缩小,性腺活动处于停滞状态,没有成熟的生殖细胞。     

白唇鹿肾上腺,甲状腺的组织学观察

白唇鹿是我国特有的珍贵兽类,但很少研究。就目前资料看,在白唇鹿的野生生活习性和人工饲养管理方面已有报道,组织学研究仅见胃肠和雌性生殖器官。肾上腺、甲状腺作为内分泌器有在机体的内分泌调节中发挥着重要作用。为此,作者选用白唇鹿肾上腺、甲状腺为材料,对其组织结构作了观察研究,旨在为白唇鹿的研究利用提供基础资料。     

果子狸个体生长发育的研究

果子狸从出生到性成熟，个体生长发育可分为仔狸、幼狸、成狸三个不同时期。仔狸期即哺乳期。营养主要来自母乳。生理特点是体发育明显增长、器官功能日趋完善。断奶后，小兽则进入幼狸期，即育成期。营养完全依赖饲料供给。生理特点是长骨骼，长肌肉，增体重。二冬龄后，小兽开始进入成狸期。亦称种狸期。生理特点是体发育趋于停滞，性器官出现季节性周期性发育成熟，并有效地参与生殖活动，繁殖后代。     

抗应激添加剂对热应激肉鸡甲状腺和肾上腺组织结构的影响

１５０只２８日龄健康艾维茵肉鸡随机分为三组,每组５０只。Ａ、Ｂ组鸡舍温度模拟夏季昼夜温度变化,间歇性控制在２８～３６℃,Ａ组饲料中添加０．２％的抗应激添加剂;Ｂ组为热应激组,Ｃ组为常温对照组。４２日龄时称重、解剖、取材作石蜡切片,观察甲状腺、肾上腺和肝脏的组织结构变化,结果表明,Ｂ组鸡体重明显低于Ａ、Ｃ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,Ａ组与Ｃ组间无显著性差异。热应激对甲状腺、肾上腺及肝脏均有不同程度的损伤性不良影响,抗应激添加剂能有效地对抗这种不良影响,促进肉鸡生长,提高抗病力,防止热应激的产生。     

果子狸脊髓、小脑形态学的初步观察

本文通过对５ 只果子狸的脊髓、小脑的大体解剖及组织学研究,结果表明：果子狸脊髓小脑的形态结构与其他高等哺乳动物的基本相似,但由于对环境的适应及各种复杂的行为,某些结构出现了一些适应性的变化。     

果子狸消化管的形态学研究

本文对果子狸消化管的组织结构研究,报道了果子狸的胃、食道和大肠的形态特征。     

果子狸脾脏和淋巴结的大体解剖及组织形态学研究

通过研究发现 ,果子狸的脾脏和淋巴结在大体解剖和组织结构上有着不同的特征。果子狸淋巴结的被膜较厚 ,皮质部位于淋巴结的中央 ,髓质部位于淋巴结的四周 ,淋巴小结的生发中心明显。脾脏的脾窦相对发达 ,脾小梁丰富 ,脾小体生发中心明显 ,脾脏的被膜及被膜内平滑肌发达。     

果子狸血液生理生化指标的测定

20 0 1年 10月 ,在湖南省野生动物救护繁殖中心随机抽取果子狸血液样品 ,用血液检验的常规方法测定血液学和部分血液生化指标 ,统计结果表明 ,果子狸的红细胞 (RBC)为 (7 0 1± 1 0 7)× 10 1 2 /L ,血红蛋白含量(HB)为 (84± 13 2 7)g/L ,红细胞压积 (PCV)为 33 80 %± 4 86 % ,平均红细胞血红蛋白 (MCH)为 (12 1±2 0 2 )pg ,平均红细胞体积 (MCV)为 (48 6± 8 0 3)fL ,平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度 (MCHC)为 2 4 9%± 1 2 9% ,谷丙转氨酶 (GPT)为 35 8± 13 5赖氏单位 ,谷草转氨酶 (GOT)为 4 7 5± 2 1 0 3赖氏单位 ,乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)为710± 379 8活性单位 ,碱性磷酸酶 (AKP)为 2 14± 0 75布氏单位 ,此测定值可作为正常值供以后研究参考。     

去势对白来航母鸡垂体和肾上腺的影响

垂体和肾上腺在摘除卵巢的雌性动物性激素合成过程中起到重要作用。为研究去势对白来航母鸡垂体和肾上腺的影响,实验对6只9周龄白来航母鸡进行卵巢摘除手术,饲养至97周龄时,检测去势白来航母鸡与同周龄未去势母鸡的血清性激素水平、冠高和距长,比较分析垂体重、肾上腺重差异,并检测垂体发育相关基因GREB1的表达量。结果显示:去势母鸡雌二醇浓度(P<0.05)、肾上腺重量(P<0.01)以及GREB1相对表达量(P<0.05)低于未去势母鸡;冠高、距长和垂体重量高于未去势母鸡(P<0.05)。可见,摘除母鸡卵巢可抑制肾上腺发育,促进垂体发育。     

禽类输卵管精子腺组织学与组织化学研究

采用解剖学、组织学及组织化学方法,观察了鸡、鸭、鹅、鹌鹑的输卵管精子腺形态学特点。结果表明,禽类输卵管精子腺是由单层柱状上皮或锥形细胞围绕而成的单管状腺,分布于黏膜固有层内;含输卵管精子腺的环状黏膜带的宽度因输卵管的机能状态及种类不同存在差异;鸡、鹌鹑和鹅的输卵管精子腺细胞,在产卵期和休止期均呈过碘酸雪夫染色(PAS)阳性反应,而鸭呈PAS阴性反应;产卵期和休止期鸡精子腺细胞,均呈脂肪染色强阳性反应,而鸭、鹅、鹌鹑的精子腺细胞呈阴性反应。     

Ultrasonography Criteria for Differentiating ACTH Dependency from ACTH Independency in 47 Dogs with Hyperadrenocorticism and Equivocal Adrenal Asymmetry

Background: Adrenal ultrasonography (US) in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) is commonly used to distinguish adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)‐independent (AIHAC) and ACTH‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism (ADHAC). To date, no cut‐off values for defining adrenal atrophy in cases of adrenal asymmetry have been determined. Given that asymmetrical hyperplasia is sometimes observed in ADHAC, adrenal asymmetry without ultrasonographic proof of adrenocortical tumor such as vascular invasion or metastasis can be equivocal. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare adrenal US findings between cases of ADHAC and AIHAC in dogs with equivocal adrenal asymmetry (EAA), and to identify useful criteria for their distinction. Animals: Forty dogs with EAA were included. Methods: Ultrasound reports of HAC dogs with adrenal asymmetry without obvious vascular invasion or metastases were reviewed. Dogs were classified as cases of ADHAC (n = 28) or AIHAC (n = 19), determined by plasma ACTH concentration. The thickness, shape, and echogenicity of both adrenal glands and presence of adjacent vascular compression were compared between AIHAC and ADHAC groups. Results: The maximal dorsoventral thickness of the smaller gland (SDV) ranged from 2.0 to 5.0 mm in AIHAC and from 5.0 to 15.0 mm in ADHAC. The 95% confidence intervals for estimated sensitivity and specificity of a SDV cut‐off set at 5.0 mm in the diagnosis of AIHAC were 82–100 and 82–99%, respectively. Other tested US criteria were found to overlap extensively between the 2 groups, precluding their usefulness for distinction. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: In EAA cases, an SDV ≤5.0 mm is an appropriate cut‐off for AIHAC ultrasonographic diagnosis.     

Arterial Vascularization and Morphological Characteristics of Adrenal Glands in the Pampas Deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus,Linnaeus 1758)

This research presents morphological characteristics of adrenal glands and a demonstration of arterial vascularization in the Pampas deer, which is considered to be in extreme danger of extinction. A total of ten deer constituted the material of the study. Vascularization of organs was investigated by using latex injection technique. Left adrenal glands were basically supplied by coeliac, cranial mesenteric, renal and lumbal arteries. The arterial vascularization of the left adrenal glands was very complex in comparison with right adrenal glands. In two examples, branch of the lumbal artery was divided into phrenic caudal artery and cranial adrenal artery. In six examples, it was observed that the caudomedial and ventral regions of the left adrenal glands were also supplied by thinner branches that stemmed from second left lumbal artery. Besides, coeliac and cranial mesenteric arteries also gave off shorter branches supplying the cranial region of the left adrenal glands in five examples. It was determined that two branches originated from abdominal aorta directly for supplying left adrenal glands in only two examples. In four examples, two caudal adrenal arteries stemmed separately from left renal artery in a short distance. Arterial vascularization of right adrenal glands was more constant and supplied by lumbal and renal arteries. The adrenal glands were generally oval or round shaped. In only two examples, left adrenal glands were ‘V‐’ or heart‐shaped. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in sizes between right and left adrenal glands.     

东北林蛙皮肤及其腺体组织形态学观察

本文观察了东北林蛙皮肤及其腺体组织形态学结构,结果表明：东北林蛙体表各部位皮肤薄厚不一,头部背侧皮肤最厚（224.4±5.46μm）,后肢腹侧皮肤最薄（135.7±5.06μm）,但基本结构相同,由表皮和真皮组成。表皮薄,为复层扁平上皮;真皮疏松层有大量腺体分布,主要是粘液腺和颗粒腺。粘液腺广泛分布于全身皮肤,颗粒腺多见于背部皮肤,以躯干背侧褶处体积最大。色素细胞分布于真皮浅层,以背侧皮肤多见。