狐两种繁殖障碍疾病的综合防治措施

1阴道加德纳氏菌对狐的危害 阴道加德纳氏菌是引起狐繁殖障碍的重要细菌性传染病之一。它能导致母狐阴道炎、子宫颈炎、子宫内膜炎,公狐的睾丸炎、附睾炎引起母狐流产和空怀,公狐的机能减退,死精,精子畸形等。该病多在本交配种期间最易传播,     

狐阴道加德纳氏菌病防治技术的研究

狐阴道加德纳氏菌病是一种新的人兽共患传染病 ,也是导致狐空怀与流产的重要病原之一。本文就其病原分离鉴定、流行病学、病原菌的血清型、血清学的特异诊断、病原菌对化学药物的敏感谱及疫苗的免疫预防研究进行了系统概述     

狐加德纳氏菌病的防治

正近几年来,我县很多养殖户反映狐狸流产、空怀的甚多,笔者根据近几年的临床经验发现狐的这种繁殖障碍多是由于狐加德纳氏菌病引起的,现总结如下,供广大养殖户参考。1病原加德纳氏菌在患狐流产的胎儿中或阴道的分泌物中均可分离到。本菌染色有可变性,但多为革兰氏染色阳性,形态多形性,呈球杆状、近球形及杆状,呈单个,     

狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌病的诊治

<正>狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌病是由阴道加德纳氏菌感染引起的一种狐狸繁殖障碍性疾病。貉、水貂也感染该病。以动物泌尿生殖系统感染、空怀和流产为主要特征。本病有明显的季节性,以动物发情活动旺盛期间居多。该病在我国毛皮动物养殖中广泛存在,流行呈上升趋势,并属于人畜共患病。1病原阴道加德纳氏菌形态呈球杆、近球形及杆状等,呈单个、短链、长链排列。革兰氏染色可变性,但分离的菌株多数为革兰氏阳性。该菌无荚膜、     

治疗蓝狐加德纳氏菌感染阴道炎的方法

笔者经过１０年对近１００多例病狐的治疗和摸索，总结出治疗蓝狐加德纳氏菌感染阴道炎的最佳方法。１病因主要原因是经产母狐在发情期和产仔期感染加德氏菌而引起阴道粘膜发炎。常造成母狐空怀、流产、产仔率下降、仔狐成活率低，严重影响蓝狐繁殖生产性能，降低经济效益...     

大庆地区狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌病调查及敏感药物试验

狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌可导致狐狸、貂、貉等动物泌尿生殖感染、不孕和流产,并证实该病是人畜共患病。随着大庆地区狐、貉养殖量增长,狐、貉发生流产的数量不断增多,狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌是狐狸、貉流产的主要致病菌,因此,针对大庆地区狐狸加德纳氏菌进行了调查研究。     

如何防治狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌病

狐狸加德纳氏菌病是由阴道加德纳氏菌引起的,主要症状为母狐流产、空怀,公狐性欲低下等,给狐场造成经济损失,并是危害人体健康的人兽共患传染病。针对此病,我们做了多年的临床治疗和预防工作,取得显著效果,现报告如下:1流行情况杜尔伯特自治县饲养蓝狐是以分散形式为主,单只笼装饲养,百只以上专业场很少,母狐采取多家公狐复配形式繁殖。饲养初期阶段,在一些饲养户中出现母狐屡配不孕、怀孕初期尿血、中后期流产现象,怀疑是饲料霉败及惊吓所致。但是近几年在标准饲料条件下空怀、流产狐狸还是越来越多。笔者1995年对35个饲养户255只母狐调查…     

狐阴道加德纳氏菌疫苗免疫狐血清抗体消长规律

应用ＤｏｔＥＬＩＳＡ检测狐阴道加德纳氏菌疫苗免疫狐的抗体水平及其哺乳仔狐的母源抗体水平。结果表明,接苗后４天开始产生抗体,７天阳转率７２７％,１０天时免疫狐１００％抗体阳转,２１～３０天抗体效价达高峰。接种后６个月血清抗体仍在１∶６４０以上,哺乳仔狐母源抗体随日龄增长而逐渐降低。３０日龄前,平均抗体效价（ＧＭＴ）为１∶２２６,以后逐渐降低。５０日龄抗体效价只有１∶１２。通过免疫抗体与攻毒保护相关性测试,抗体效价在１∶３２０以上,能抵抗１００个ＩＤ５０狐阴道加德纳氏菌强毒攻击。     

治疗狐阴道炎的方法

<正>阴道炎是狐阴道内和阴道粘膜的炎症,常见于经产母狐。(一)病因;主要原因是母狐在发情期和分娩时受加德纳氏菌的感染而引起阴道发炎,常造成母狐空怀、流产及仔狐生长发育不良等症,是严重影响北极狐繁殖的传染病。     

狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌病及其防制

狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌病是由狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌 (Gard nerellavaginalisoffox ,GV )引起的[1] ,可导致狐狸、貉、貂等泌尿生殖感染、不孕和流产。在我国毛皮动物饲养中 ,流行呈上升趋势 ,应引起饲养者的注意。1　病原狐狸阴道加德纳氏菌属于 1980年建立的新属Gardnerella ,本菌是其中一个亚种。可致狐狸泌尿生殖感染、不孕和流产 ,并经性交传播 ,其微生物学特征有别于人体阴道加德纳氏菌。菌体通常是革兰氏阴性杆菌或变异的球菌样小杆菌 ,长0 3～ 0 5 μm ,宽 0 1～ 0 2 μm。形体比乳酸杆菌小 ,两端呈圆形 ,无荚膜及鞭毛。菌体呈革兰…     

The live attenuated bovine viral diarrhea virus components of a multi-valent vaccine confer protection against fetal infection

Fetal infection with bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes severe economic loss and virus spread in cattle. This study investigated the ability of modified live BVDV I and II components of a commercially available modified live virus (MLV) vaccine (Breed-Back FP 10, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc.) to prevent fetal infection and abortion, and therefore the birth of persistently infected animals. Heifers immunized with vaccine 4-8 weeks before insemination showed no adverse effects. All vaccinated animals had seroconverted to BVDV 4 weeks after immunization. Pregnant heifers were divided into two vaccination and two control groups and challenged with type I or II BVDV on days 60-90 of gestation. Seroconversion, clinical signs, immunosuppression, viremia, mortality, abortion rate, and fetal infection were studied. Post-challenge, 6/11 (type I challenged) and 8/11 (type II challenged) vaccinated heifers were free from clinical signs of BVD. Post-challenge clinical signs noted in the vaccinated groups were mild to moderate, while all unvaccinated controls had clinical signs ranging from moderate to severe. Viremia was not detected post-challenge in any of the vaccinated heifers. However, 100% of the controls were BVDV viremic on at least 1 day post-challenge. One of 22 vaccinated heifers had transient leukopenia, whereas 2/8 and 6/7 unvaccinated heifers in control groups I and II, respectively, had transient leukopenia. Type II BVDV infection led to abortion or death in 86% of unvaccinated heifers. The corresponding vaccinated group showed no deaths or abortions. All control group fetuses were infected with BVDV. The test vaccine gave 91% (type I BVDV challenged) and 100% (type II BVDV challenged) protection from fetal infection. This vaccine is safe and effective against fetal infection, abortion (type II BVDV) and the birth of persistently infected animals.     

Immune potency of lyophilized, killed vaccine for equine viral arteritis and its protection against abortion in pregnant mares

Immune potency test was conducted in horses by inoculating a killed vaccine for equine viral arteritis (EVA) which had been freeze-dried and contained aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. Serum neutralizing (SN) antibody to equine arteritis virus (EAV) was detected at maximal titers of 1:80 to 1:640, 1 to 2 weeks after 2-dose vaccination of 6 female horses. However, 6 pregnant mares inoculated with the vaccine which had been kept in storage for 1 year at 4°C produced much higher titers ranging from 1:320 to 1:1280. A maximal mean titer of 1:199.5 occurred in the 1st and 2nd week after 2-dose inoculation with the nonpreserved vaccine, whereas a maximal mean titer of 1:794.3 occurred in the 2nd week using the preserved vaccine. The horses showed no systemic or local adverse reactions clinically or hematologically after vaccination. Four of the 6 vaccinated pregnant mares were exposed to the Bucyrus strain of EAV but resisted challenge exposure, while 3 nonvaccinated control pregnant mares revealed acute EVA causing abortion and death. Isolation of EAV was positive from the body tissues of the aborted and dead fetuses and their dams, but was negative from the vaccinated mares. No significant rise of SN antibody titers was detected in the vaccinated mares following challenge exposure, suggesting that the vaccine can protect against EAV infection in pregnant mares and prevent abortion or death.     

陕南白山羊伪结核棒状杆菌分离鉴定及灭活铝胶疫苗研制

羊干酪性淋巴结炎又称羊伪结核病,是由伪结核棒状杆菌感染引起的一种人畜共患慢性接触性传染病,对山羊危害最为严重,目前尚无有效治疗措施。陕西省石泉县陕南白山羊饲养量较大,羊群也存在伪结核棒状杆菌的感染,造成较大的经济损失。为筛选对当地伪结核棒状杆菌敏感的药物和研制灭活疫苗,本研究从疑似伪结核病患羊采取多份新鲜的脓液,进行细菌分离鉴定;对获得的1株分离菌进行药物敏感性试验并用其研制灭活疫苗。结果显示,分离菌在固体培养基上形成白色、干燥、扁平、不透明、边缘整齐的中等大小菌落,革兰染色阳性,经16SrRNA检测和序列分析,证实分离到的菌株为羊伪结核棒状杆菌。药物敏感性试验结果显示,该分离菌对环丙沙星、头孢曲松、红霉素、卡那霉素、头孢噻肟、妥布霉素、强力霉素、庆大霉素、氯霉素高度敏感;对四环素、利福平、链霉素中度敏感。以该分离菌为种子菌制备的灭活铝胶疫苗无菌检验合格,试验接种山羊无不良反应,目前已经在采样羊场进行临床应用,进一步评价免疫效果。     

Induction of immune responses to glycoprotein gD of Aujeszky's disease virus with DNA immunization.

In an attempt to produce a DNA vaccine to prevent Aujeszky's disease, the induction of immune responses against Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) gD was investigated in mice. The plasmid was constructed by placing ADV gD gene downstream of murine cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter of expression vector pMYK, which was injected twice on the skin of mice by using a gene-gun. All mice showed neutralizing antibodies against ADV gD at 4 weeks after immunization. The induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and splenic natural killer cells was also observed at 6 weeks post immunization. These results indicate that ADV gD gene in the form of DNA vaccine may induce specific as well as non-specific immune responses in vivo.     

Induction of immune responses in sheep by vaccination with liposome-entrapped DNA complexes encoding Toxoplasma gondii MIC3 gene

Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that has been extensively studied due to its medical and veterinary importance in terminating pregnancies. Consequently, a satisfactory vaccine is required to control its adverse effects on pregnant animals. The microneme protein, MIC3, is a major adhesion protein that binds to the surface of host cells and parasites, and is therefore a potential vaccine against T. gondii. The viability of MIC3 as a vaccine is investigated in this study. Sheep were injected twice, intramuscularly, with plasmids containing DNA encoding for the mature form of MIC3 protein formulated into liposomes. Control sheep were injected with an empty vector or received no injections. The injection of sheep with DNA plasmids encoding for MIC3 elicited an immune response after the first and second injections as indicated by antibody responses and the production of IFN-gamma. The immune response, as measured by the IgG2 and IgG1 serum levels, was boosted after the injection of the MIC3 DNA vaccine together with high anti-MIC3 antibodies. The results demonstrate that the intramuscular injection of sheep with a plasmid containing DNA coding for MIC3 protein induces a significant and effective immune response against T. gondii.     

猪高致病性蓝耳病弱毒活疫苗免疫试验

为了更好地指导养殖户应用高致病性蓝耳病活疫苗（JXA1-R株）,本中心从淋巴细胞计数、病毒核酸检测、免疫抗体检测等方面,分析了高致病性蓝耳病弱毒活疫苗免疫应答情况。本次试验选取30天龄的杜长大三元断奶仔猪20头,随机分成A、B两组,每组10头。A组注射JXA1-R株活疫苗,B组头注射生理盐水作对照。结果显示该疫苗免疫仔猪28天后,淋巴细胞由7．585×10^9／L上升到15．28×10^9／L,免疫抗体阳性率由0％上升到100％,免疫猪病毒核酸检出率由0％上升到90％。揭示了PRRS活疫苗（JXA1-R株）能使仔猪产生较好的免疫应答,疫苗毒感染持续时间多数超过28天。     

Efficacy of bovine herpesvirus-1 inactivated vaccine against abortion and stillbirth in pregnant heifers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of an inactivated bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) vaccine to protect against BHV-1 challenge-induced abortion and stillbirth. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 35 beef heifers. PROCEDURES: Before breeding, heifers were vaccinated with a commercially available BHV-1 inactivated vaccine SC or IM. The estrous cycle was then synchronized, and heifers were artificially inseminated 30 to 60 days after vaccination. Heifers (n = 21) were challenge inoculated IV at approximately 180 days of gestation with virulent BHV-1. Fourteen control heifers were not vaccinated. Clinical signs of BHV-1 infection were monitored for 10 days following challenge; serologic status and occurrence of abortion or stillbirth were evaluated until time of calving. RESULTS: 18 of 21 (85.7%) heifers that received vaccine were protected from abortion following challenge, whereas all 14 control heifers aborted. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that an inactivated BHV-1 vaccine can protect against abortion resulting from a substantial challenge infection, with efficacy similar to that of modified-live BHV-1 vaccines.     

三种牛羊流产相关疫病在海西州的流行现状及分析

近年来,随着海西地区畜牧业的发展,牛羊流产现象也伴随多发,给牧民带来极大的经济损失。为调查布鲁氏菌病、衣原体病、弓形虫病在青海省海西州畜群中的整体流行状况,了解海西州牛羊流产多发的主要病因,对海西州31个乡镇97个牧业村的空怀牛羊群随机抽样,集中采血,分离血清,共分离牛羊血清共14114份,其中羊血清12620份,牛血清1494份。分别采用凝集试验、间接血凝试验和弓形虫快速检测卡对布鲁氏菌、衣原体和弓形虫进行抗体检测与数据分析。结果表明,羊布鲁氏菌、衣原体和弓形虫的抗体阳性率分别为0.056%、8.7%、0.11%;牛布鲁氏菌、衣原体和弓形虫的抗体阳性率分别为4.6%(69/1494)、5.8%(74/1494)、9.9%(87/1494),其中有15头牛同时检测到上述3种病原的抗体。海西州空怀羊群中衣原体阳性率最高,可能是导致羊流产的主要病因;空怀牛群中3种病原抗体阳性率普遍较高,且存在一定程度的共感染,流产病因较为复杂。     

维生素C抗口蹄疫疫苗过敏初探

[目的]为了掌握口蹄疫疫苗的过敏反应情况.[方法]在给36头种公牛注射口蹄疫疫苗的同时,注射Vc注射液.观察了注射后种公牛体表反应特征,进行了注射前后一个月内冻精质量对比,运用SAS软件进行统计分析.[结果]显示:种公牛无过敏反应.[结论]此项研究对于种公牛注射口蹄疫疫苗具有实际操作参考价值.     

Comparative efficacy of ten commercial Campylobacter fetus vaccines in the pregnant guinea pig: challenge with Campylobacter fetus serotype A.

Efficacy of ten commercial Campylobacter fetus vaccines was tested in pregnant guinea pigs and compared with that of an experimental vaccine prepared from the challenge-exposure strain. If the first lot of vaccine failed to protect 50% of the guinea pigs, one or two additional lots of that vaccine were purchased and retested. Three vaccines for cattle, evaluated, as the most effective of those tested, protected 62%, 72%, and 89% of the guinea pigs from abortion; the experimental vaccine protected 98%. The two vaccines for sheep protected 50% and 61% of the guinea pigs from abortion. With the other five vaccines produced for immunizing cattle, protection was from 0% to 36%, with the exception of one lot of a vaccine that protected 74%. Blood infection was found at necropsy in only 6% of the guinea pigs given vaccines that protected 50% or more from abortion, but was found in 66% of those given vaccines that protected less than 50%. Similarly, tissue infection was found at necropsy in only 18% of the guinea pigs given vaccines that protected more than 50%, but was found in 91% of those given vaccines that protected less than 50% from abortion. Oil-emulsion adjuvants appeared to enhance protection from abortion and infection. Nodules persisted at the injection site in most of the guinea pigs immunized with vaccines containing oil-emulsion adjuvants, but rarely persisted in guinea pigs given aqueous-phase adjuvant vaccines. Comparison of efficacy of the vaccines in guinea pigs with efficacy in sheep and cattle remains to be made.