辣椒红色素提取及稳定性研究

采用超声波法提取干红辣椒中的红色素，研究温度、光照、pH值、Vc、H2O2和Na2SO3溶液对辣椒红色素溶液稳定性的影响。结果表明：温度、光照、H2O2和NaSO3溶液对辣椒红色素稳定性影响较大，均可以加快红色素的降解，而pH值和Vc溶液对红色素提取液稳定性影响较小。     

辣椒红色素及其生物合成的分子机理研究进展

辣椒红色素包括辣椒红素和辣椒玉红素，是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径的后期产物，是红色辣椒成熟果实品质的重要组成部分，并具有广泛的应用价值。近年来辣椒红色素及其生物合成的分子生物学机理研究取得了重要进展。本文中较系统地介绍了辣椒红色素的作用、影响因素、分子标记、基因定位、基因表达、生物合成路径、结构基因的功能鉴定、生物合成和降解、储存调控、利用基因工程技术进行生物生产等方面的研究进展。     

辣椒红色素的提取方法和应用

本文介绍了辣椒红色素的理化性质,对辣椒红色素提取方法及应用进行了综述,并对其发展前景做出了展望。     

辣椒红色素的提取与应用

辣椒红色素是生产和生活中常见的一种纯天然色素,制备简单,性状稳定,同时还具有镇痛、止痒、抗炎、抑菌、及调节脂质过氧化、保护心肌、减肥等生理功能.本文探究了辣椒红色素的主要成分、提取方法,并分析了其在食品、饲料、化妆品及医疗等领域的应用,旨在提高辣椒红色素的提取率和应用水平.     

辣椒红色素提取、纯化方法研究进展

辣椒红色素是一种被广泛认可的天然食用色素,被誉为"最安全的A类色素",目前已被应用于食品、饲料、化妆品及医疗等领域。如何扩大辣椒红色素的生产规模、提高辣椒红色素的生产率和质量、合理利用辣椒红素,是当前产业界关注的热点问题。本文分析了国内外近10年辣椒红色素的提取和纯化技术,以期为辣椒红色素及其他天然色素的高质量生产提供参考,为辣椒红色素原料的"生态化"和加工工艺的"绿色化"奠定理论基础。     

辣椒的深加工技术研究进展

本文介绍了辣椒有效成分辣椒红色素、辣椒碱的提取与分离技术，以及辣椒产品的深加工技术和辣椒的综合开发利用。     

辣椒成熟果实中辣椒红色素含量的遗传分析

采用Griffing双列杂交第Ⅱ种方案,以6份辣椒红色素含量存在差异的辣椒为材料,对辣椒成熟果实中辣椒红色素的配合力及其遗传参数进行估算。结果表明,辣椒红色素性状的一般配合力在-36.638~39.831之间,特殊配合力在-22.704~27.620之间;广义遗传力为64.37%,狭义遗传力为53.21%。在提高辣椒红色素育种中,应用系谱选择法能有效提高辣椒红色素含量。     

产品加工：辣椒红色素的研究进展

主要阐述了辣椒红色素的来源、特性等，并对其国内外加工工艺，稳定化技术与应用等方面的研究进展进行综述。     

辣椒中的几种功能成分及其应用

辣椒果实中含有多种维持人体正常生理机能和保健功能的活性物质,本文重点介绍了辣椒碱、辣椒红色素、辣椒籽油等的应用,为企业对辣椒深加工、延长辣椒产业链、提高辣椒生产附加值提供参考。     

辣椒功能保健成分研究进展

辣椒是我国重要的蔬菜和调味品,研究证明辣椒中含有重要的营养保健成分:辣椒素和辣椒红色素。本文对辣椒素和辣椒红色素的提取、分析、测定和其营养保健功能进行了阐述,并对相关功能产品的研究开发和辣椒产业的发展提出了建议。     

紫玉兰色素的提取及其稳定性研究

采用溶剂提取法提取紫玉兰色素,确定该色素的最佳溶剂和最大吸光度,并通过测定pH、温度、食品添加剂、氧化还原剂、金属离子和光照对色素的影响来研究其稳定性。结果表明:紫玉兰色素用65%乙醇提取效果较好。该色素对强碱、阳光不稳定,温度对色素稳定性的影响不大;H2O2降低了色素的吸光度,Na2S2O3使得色素提取液变浑浊;Pb2+和Fe3+离子对色素稳定性影响较大。该色素有望开发成为安全、可靠、低廉的天然植物色素添加剂。     

葡萄皮色素稳定性的研究

对从葡萄皮渣中提取的葡萄皮色素稳定性进行研究.结果表明:酸度对色素稳定性影响较大,对色素有明显的增色效应；低温有利于色素的贮存；长时间日照会使色素逐渐降解；金属离子Fe3+对色素稳定性影响较大；添加剂H2O2对色素稳定性影响很大；维生素C水溶液、蔗糖水溶液、苯甲酸钠对色素稳定性影响较小.     

Stability and instability of production of early glasshouse tomatoes in The Netherlands

Commercial growers are thought to aim at stability of production. Making the best of received sunlight leads to higher production, but as the amount of sunlight fluctuates, introduces instability of production. It is difficult to determine which of these two aims is given priority by growers. Data on production of early glasshouse tomatoes between 1955 and 1980 gave some indications. Although absolute stability diminished during this period, relative stability improved. Correlations between yield and hours of sunlight were higher in the period 1970–1980 than in 1955–1965. For the months of March, April and May, a value of 0.86 was found.It is suggested that the stability of tomato production can still be improved because fluctuations of the crop are still higher than those of the available sunlight. More and better use of computer-controlled growing conditions will lead to further improvement in stability.     

超声波改性对谷朊粉性质的影响

将面团水洗得到面筋蛋白,在-20益经真空冷冻干燥处理,获得实验样品谷朊粉。在pH值3-12范围下测定谷朊粉的溶解性与持水能力、乳化性与乳化稳定性、起泡性与起泡稳定性。结果表明：pH值3-12范围内,谷朊粉的溶解度、持水性、乳化性、乳化稳定性以及起泡性呈现“U”型,pH6时值最小;起泡稳定性先增大后减小,在pH8时值最大。超声波处理谷朊粉的溶解度、起泡稳定性、乳化稳定性随着处理时间的延长而逐渐降低,350W处理时值较大;谷朊粉的持水性随着处理时间的延长而先降低后增加,在5min时达到最低点,700W处理时值较大;谷朊粉的乳化性、起泡性随着超声波时间的延长先略有增加后又降低,在5min时达到最高点,700W时值较大。     

植被和坡度对边坡稳定性的影响分析

边坡工程的稳定性问题是岩土工程的主要研究内容之一。随着我国经济、科技水平的不断发展和进步,人们对边坡稳定性的研究是从早期通过长期的观测统计出数据,慢慢发展到现在采用模拟试验来完成研究。边坡稳定性分析和评价是边坡工程研究的核心,在研究中人们发现:不同坡度对于边坡的稳定性有着不同程度的影响。本试验就从不同坡度条件下,有无植被2种坡度在降雨条件下进行研究分析。     

Influence of cultivar and site of cultivation on levels of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants in virgin olive oils (Olea Europea L.) and correlations with oxidative stability

Oxidation stability is an important property of olive oil quality and is affected by different antioxidant compounds whose levels may be influenced by cultivar, year and place of production. Polyphenols, tocopherols, carotenoids, chlorophylls and fatty acids levels were correlated to oxidative stability in olive oils from three experiments: cultivar influence (18 cultivars assessed for 4 years in the same place); environmental influence by mesoclimatic (4 cultivars from 17 sites in a single region for 4 years) and macroclimate conditions (3 cultivars from 3 different regions for 3 years). Total polyphenols and saturated on polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio were shown to be the major factors in oil antioxidant stability, according to multivariate regression models. Among the surveyed cultivars, oils from ‘Leccino’ and from three ‘local’, minor cultivars (‘Miniol’, ‘Regina’ and ‘Rossanello’) resulted in higher oxidative stability and oils from cultivars grown in Tuscany (central Italy) showed the highest oxidative stability by comparison with northern and southern regions.     

多元化种植目标、交易稳定性对农户绿色农产品种植意愿的影响

推进绿色农产品种植是农业供给侧结构性改革的重要环节。该研究引入多元化种植目标、交易稳定性概念,采用二元Logistic回归模型分析二者对农户绿色农产品种植意愿的影响,以期提升农户绿色农产品种植意愿,加快推进农业供给侧结构性改革进程。结果表明:在多元化种植目标中,农户拓展销路目标和社会责任目标能够显著提升其绿色农产品种植意愿;在交易稳定性中,农产品销售中交易价格稳定性会抑制农户绿色农产品种植意愿,但交易频率稳定性有利于提升农户绿色农产品种植意愿。     

苹果制汁新品种鲁加4号浓缩汁贮藏过程中稳定性的影响因素

以苹果制汁新品种鲁加4号[特拉蒙(Telamon)×新红星(Starkrimson)]的浓缩果汁为试材,研究温度、pH值、糖度和果实成熟度对苹果浓缩汁贮藏过程中稳定性的影响。结果表明,温度对苹果浓缩汁贮藏过程中稳定性影响较大,贮藏温度越高,浓缩汁的稳定性越差;糖度对其影响显著,糖度越高,浓缩汁稳定性越差;pH值和果实成熟度对苹果浓缩汁稳定性也有显著性影响,浓缩汁贮藏1～2周期间,pH值与A420值呈正相关,贮藏3～4周期间,pH值与A420值呈负相关。不同采收期苹果果实出汁率、可溶性固形物含量、多酚含量、浓缩汁酸含量变化不同。果实成熟时采收制得的浓缩汁稳定性比较好。     

Stability of landscape trees in engineered and conventional urban soil mixes

Urban trees are frequently exposed to unsuitable soil conditions that can hamper root system development, potentially affecting both tree health and stability. Engineered soil designs have been developed to increase soil volume for trees planted in confined spaces, and past research has shown that these designs improve growing conditions. However, tree stability in these engineered soils has received limited attention from researchers. In this study, we evaluated the stability of two tree species of contrasting soil quality tolerance (Prunus serrulata and Ulmus parvifolia) after 3 years growth in two skeletal soil mixes, in a suspended pavement design (uncompacted soil), and in a conventionally prepared soil pit. Tree stability was evaluated by measuring trunk resistance to a lateral deflecting force applied with a rope winch system under both ambient and near-saturated soil conditions. Although heavily irrigating the experimental soils had no effect on tree stability, species-specific responses to soil mixes were observed. P. serrulata grown in the gravel-based skeletal soil showed greater trunk deflection resistance than trees grown in the other soil treatments, yet the stability of U. parvifolia was unaffected by soil type. These species-specific responses were consistent with earlier observations of root development in which P. serrulata grew up to 60 times greater root length in gravel-based skeletal soil whereas U. parvifolia root growth was similar in all soil treatments. This research provides evidence that certain tree species planted in conventional tree pits may be more prone to uprooting due to poor root development and that root anchorage might be improved for these species by utilizing a skeletal soil mix.     

海藻酸钠固定化木聚糖酶的研究

以海藻酸钠为载体,研究了木聚糖酶的固定方法,并利用固定化酶和游离酶进行了酶解试验.结果表明:固定化酶的最适温度,热稳定性,最适pH,稳定性及与底物的亲和力都有所提高.其中采用直接包埋方式固定率低,稳定差;交联包埋法固定的固定化酶反应pH范围变宽,固定率高,但与底物的亲和能力强和操作稳定性不如包埋交联法.