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云杉矮槲寄生开花特性及化学防控 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
云杉矮槲寄生是严重危害三江源地区天然云杉林的多年生寄生性种子植物。对云杉矮槲寄生开花动态的定点监测结果表明:云杉矮槲寄生花期持续40天以上,单株花序寿命约为15天;雌花在花期结束后6~8天后开始坐果,幼果初期无果梗,浅绿色,直径约为1~1.3mm;果实成熟后期,果梗逐渐伸长至1~1.5mm,颜色转为深绿色。4种不同浓度的植物激素类药剂[40%乙烯利水剂,50%国光丁酰肼可溶性粉剂,20%国光萘乙酸粉剂(NAA)和90.8%脱落酸(ABA)]对云杉矮槲寄生花芽的药剂防治试验发现:1∶400的40%乙烯利水剂为防除效果最佳,可达100%,且未对云杉植株产生不良药害反应。 相似文献
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《西部林业科学》2020,(1)
为使冬枣物候期提前,促进其果实提早成熟,使其提早进入市场,避开冬枣集中上市时间,提高其经济效益,以12年生冬枣为试材,采用扣棚与化学药剂脱叶的方式进行早熟促成栽培技术试验。对不同处理中冬枣物候期进行观察,对果实的纵横经、果实硬度、总糖、总酸、维生素C含量、可溶性固形物等指标进行测定与分析。结果表明,适宜的扣棚时间可提早冬枣生长发育物候期,而且冬枣单果质量和纵横径都有显著的提高。此外,果实中的总糖含量、总酸含量、维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量均有所提高。化学药剂脱叶试验中,喷施12%尿素水剂与喷施稀释600倍的乙烯利对叶片提早脱落有一定效果,能使冬枣翌年萌芽、开花和果实成熟的时间提前。 相似文献
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分别用敌马烟剂0.5kg/667m~2、5%杀螟松乳油、27%敌百虫粉剂、2.5%辛硫磷乳剂、8%乐果乳油、0.05%阿维菌素粉剂、糖醋液等7种药剂对云杉梢斑螟(Dioryctirin schutzeella Fuchs)虫害进行防治。通过试验表明,不同药剂其防治效果不同,0.5kg/667m2的敌马烟剂和0.05%阿维菌素粉剂对云杉梢斑螟的防治效果最佳。 相似文献
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为研究红地球葡萄的最佳国光希尔GSB用量,以设施红地球葡萄为试材,进行叶面喷施80、60、40 mg L-1等不同质量浓度的国光希尔GSB试验,在红地球葡萄不同生长期调查并测定各项指标,对测量数据进行分析和总结.结果表明:喷施国光希尔GSB效果最好的浓度为80 mg L-1,其纵径生长比对照提高19.46%,横径生长比对照提高了23.53%;果实单质量比对照提高61.9%;固形物含量比对照提高43.95%;果粒生长硬度比对照提高59.19%.同时国光希尔GSB可提高果实品质及生长速率,光合作用与对照均有一定差异.该药剂对红地球葡萄果粒增大效果显著. 相似文献
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近几年,应用于果园的植物生长调节剂很多,使用这些药剂,可以调节果树的生长和花芽分化,促进果实发育和成熟。下面介绍几种果园常用生长调节剂的性能状态及使用方法。 蔡乙酸是一种黄褐色粉末状结晶,易溶于热水和酒精。从盛花期到落花后 7~21d(日)以 5- 50×10-6浓度喷施于苹果,对减轻果树大小年有明显作用。 比久是一种水溶性粉剂,有效成分为93%,苹果采摘前60d(天)喷施1000-2 000×10-6浓度的比久,对促进果实着色,减少落果效果显著。 乙烯利是针状无色结晶,为强酸制剂,吸湿性强,易溶于水… 相似文献
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近几年,应用于果园的植物生长调节剂很多,使用这些药剂,可以调节果树的生长和花芽分化,促进果实发育和成熟。下面介绍几种果园常用生长调节剂的性能状态及使用方法。茶乙酸是一种黄褐色粉末状结晶,易溶于热水和酒精。MA花期到落花后7-21d()以5-30XI0‘浓度喷施于苹果,对减轻果树大小年有明显作用。比久是一种水溶性粉剂,有效成分为93%,苹果采摘前60d(天)喷施1000-2000XI0-’浓度的比久,对促进果实着邑减少落果效果显著。乙烯利是针状无色结晶,为强酸制剂,吸湿性强,易溶于水和酒精,对皮肤… 相似文献
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本文研究了敌百虫对山地国光苹果的疏果效应。结果表明,国光苹果采用盛花后10d喷布900~1125mgL~(-1)的敌百虫,疏除效应显著。喷布1125mgL~(-1)的敌百虫加萘乙酸20mgL~(-1),可使幼果脱落推迟,疏除作用增强。处理后,果实的单果重及第2a的花芽量增加。 相似文献
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Girdling effects on fruitlet abscission, leaf chlorophyll, chlorophyll a fluorescence and carbohydrate concentration in various flowering and vegetative shoots were studied during natural fruit drop in two Citrus cultivars. Irrespective of shoot type, girdling delayed fruitlet abscission, but only fruitlets borne on leafy shoots had increased final fruit set. Chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis revealed differences in quantum yield efficiency of photosystem II of light adapted leaves (Phi(PSII)) among shoot types and in response to girdling. In young leaves of vegetative shoots, girdling decreased Phi(PSII), whereas Phi(PSII) increased from Day 30 after girdling in young leaves of leafy flowering shoots; however, Phi(PSII) did not change in mature leaves during fruit set in either control or girdled trees. Girdling altered leaf carbohydrate concentrations and the photosynthetic performance of the various shoot types. Our results indicate that, in Citrus, several carbohydrate-based regulatory mechanisms of photosynthesis coexist during carbohydrate accumulation brought about by girdling. It is concluded that the delay in fruitlet abscission and the increase in Phi(PSII )observed in girdled leafy flowering shoots are the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of fruit set after girdling. 相似文献
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激素处理对野生观果树种坐果率和挂果期的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在花楸树盛花期喷50×10^-6赤霉素,可提高坐果率28.72%;喷PBO生长调节剂300倍液,可提高坐果率17.35%。在天目琼花盛花期喷50×10^-6赤霉素,可提高坐果率22.71%;喷PBO生长调节剂300倍液,可提高坐果率14.93%。以山杏、山梨为研究对象,在果实成熟前25d全株喷洒激素,在10×10^-6~50×10^-6范围内,随NAA和GA的增高,两个树种落果率明显下降,但均以30×10^-6~50×10^-6最为显著,落果率仅在10%以下,比对照下降了88.4%。 相似文献
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萘乙酸和乙烯利对梨树的疏花疏果效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对10年生梨园在梨树初花期、盛花期和落花期分别喷布不同浓度和配比的乙烯利和萘乙酸,结果表明:乙烯利在初花期使用,疏除效果不明显,盛花期使用200-400mg/L效果好,坐果率达到12%~18%,疏除效果较适宜;2-10mg/L的萘乙酸获得较理想的效果,疏除率达到85%左右;2-10mg/L的萘乙酸与200~400萘mg/L的乙烯利配合使用,疏除率达到80%。正确使用各种化学药剂对鸭梨和雪花梨进行疏花疏果可达到良好效果,省时省工省力,有广阔发展前景,试验结果对指导生产有一定的实际意义。 相似文献
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We studied the relief of water stress associated with fruit thinning in pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees during drought to determine what mechanisms, other than stomatal adjustment, were involved. Combinations of control irrigation (equal to crop water use less effective rainfall) and deficit irrigation (equal to 20% of control irrigation), fruit load (unthinned and thinned to 40 fruits per tree) and root pruning (pruned and unpruned) treatments were applied to pear (cv. 'Conference') trees during Stage II of fruit development. Daily patterns of midday stem water potential (Psi(stem)) and leaf conductance to water vapor (g(l)) of deficit-irrigated trees differed after fruit thinning. In response to fruit thinning, gl progressively declined with water stress until 30 days after fruit thinning and then leveled off, whereas the effects of decreased fruit load on Psi(stem) peaked 30-40 days after fruit thinning and then tended to decline. Soil water depletion was significantly correlated with fruit load during drought. Our results indicate that stomatal adjustment and the resulting soil water conservation were the factors determining the Psi(stem) response to fruit thinning. However, these factors could not explain differences in daily patterns between g(l) and Psi(stem) after fruit thinning. In all cases, effects of root pruning treatments on Psi(stem) in deficit-irrigated trees were transitory (Psi(stem) recovered from root pruning in less than 30 days), but the recovery of Psi(stem) after root pruning was faster in trees with low fruit loads. This behavior is compatible with the concept that the water balance (reflected by Psi(stem) values) was better in trees with low fruit loads compared with unthinned trees, perhaps because more carbon was available for root growth. Thus, a root growth component is hypothesized as a mechanism to explain the bimodal Psi(stem) response to fruit thinning during drought. 相似文献