鸭疫里默杆菌重庆、四川地区分离株ompA基因的遗传变异性

为研究鸭疫里默杆菌(R.anatipestifer)外膜蛋白A(OmpA)的遗传变异性,探讨与R.anatipestifer的血清型分类间的关系,对R.anatipestifer重庆、四川地区分离株进行了生化鉴定、16SrRNA基因和OmpA的遗传多样性分析。结果显示,除DY1210株不液化明胶及DZ1212株和JJ1212株水解七叶苷外,其他分离株生化特征均一致。R.anatipestifer所有分离菌株16SrRNA基因序列相似性达99%以上,均属于同一簇。ompA基因序列分3个基因群(Ⅰ群7株、Ⅱ群8株、Ⅲ群1株),其编码氨基酸序列分3个簇(Ⅰ簇8株、Ⅱ簇7株、Ⅲ簇1株),且不同血清型菌株属于同一基因群或氨基酸簇,同一血清型属于不同的基因群或氨基酸簇。结果表明,R.anatipestifer所有分离菌株ompA所属基因群或氨基酸簇与其血清型没有明显的联系。     

鸭疫里氏杆菌吉林分离株camp基因的克隆、表达及间接ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立鸭疫里氏杆菌(RA)的血清学快速检测方法,本研究根据GenBank中登录的camp基因序列设计引物,以吉林RA分离株JL-1的基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增camp基因,并构建pET-camp重组表达质粒,转化至E.coli BL21 (DE3)中诱导表达出分子量约为37 ku重组蛋白,westemblot分析结果表明该蛋白能够与血清1、2、10、11和17型RA全菌体阳性血清发生特异性反应.以纯化的重组蛋白为包被抗原建立间接ELISA方法,结果显示其具有良好的特异性和重复性,与RA超声裂解抗原ELISA方法的符合率达到77.5％.研究结果进一步验证了Camp蛋白具有良好免疫原性,并且为RA多种血清型共同抗原,在RA的检测及亚单位疫苗开发中具有良好的应用价值.     

1型鸭疫里氏杆菌抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

以1型鸭疫里氏杆菌(RA)全基因组保守区域ompA基因的重组表达产物为包被抗原,建立了检测RA血清抗体的间接ELISA方法。原核表达的重组ompA蛋白经纯化后作为包被物,以方阵滴定法确定抗原最佳包被浓度为1.5μg/mL,待检血清最佳稀释度为1∶100。与普通的微量凝集试验相比较,该方法灵敏度高于凝集试验约16倍～128倍。与鸭源大肠埃希菌、鸭源多杀性巴氏杆菌、鸭链球菌、鸭源呼肠病毒、鸭肝炎病毒和鸭瘟病毒感染鸭血清均无交叉反应,表明该方法特异性好。利用该方法检测了雏鸭免疫RA灭活油乳剂疫苗之后血清抗体水平。     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌OmpA/motb蛋白的表达纯化及免疫学特性分析

本研究对血清1型鸭疫里默氏杆菌(Riemerella anatipestifer,RA)CH3株的ompA/motb基因核苷酸序列及其蛋白进行生物学信息分析,用PCR技术扩增获得去除信号肽编码区段的ompA/motb基因,并构建重组表达质粒pET30a-OmpA/mtob,成功表达分子量约为55 kDa的重组蛋白rOmpA/motb。Western blot结果显示,rOmpA/motb能与血清1、2、10和15型RA阳性血清发生特异性反应,表明rOmpA/motb具有交叉免疫原性。以纯化的rOmpA/motb免疫新西兰大白兔,经3次免疫后兔血清中抗OmpA/motb蛋白的抗体效价为1:256 000;Western blot结果显示OmpA/motb兔多抗可与血清1型、2型、10型和15型RA菌株发生特异性结合反应,与其他菌株无反应性。本研究制备的RA OmpA/motb多克隆抗体具有良好的反应性及特异性,为进一步研究OmpA/motb蛋白的免疫学功能及建立鸭疫里默氏杆菌病的诊断方法奠定了基础。     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌抗体检测的全菌体抗原间接ELISA方法的建立

本研究建立了检测鸭疫里默氏杆菌（Rimerrlla anatipestifer,RA）抗体的全菌体抗原间接ELISA方法,最佳血清稀释倍数为1：100。以RA1的甲醛灭活全菌体为包被抗原,棋盘滴定法试验确定其最适抗原包被浓度为5×10^8CFU／mL。与全菌体裂解抗原和重组P25蛋白为包被抗原的间接ELISA方法相比较,三者均可检测不同血清型RA标准阳性血清,结果符合性良好。用该方法检测雏鸭接种鸭疫里默氏杆菌蜂胶灭活疫苗后血清抗体水平的变化,发现免疫后10天抗体水平开始上升,二免后10天抗体水平达到峰值。     

鸭疫里默杆菌通过外膜蛋白Omp45结合鸭补体调节因子Vitronectin

旨在筛选和鉴定与鸭补体调节因子Vitronectin(Vn)结合的鸭疫里默杆菌(Riemerella anatipestifer,R.anatipestifer)外膜蛋白。在酵母表达鸭Vn及间接免疫荧光和免疫斑点杂交试验检测鸭疫里默杆菌结合Vn的基础上，以重组Vn为诱饵蛋白进行His pull-down及LC-MS/MS质谱鉴定，筛选外膜蛋白并进行生物信息学分析；原核表达候选外膜蛋白及截短片段，制备多克隆抗体，利用Far-Western blot验证与鸭Vn结合，并用间接ELISA测定肝素和氯化钠对结合的影响；测定Vn及抗外膜蛋白抗体对血清杀菌活性的影响。结果显示，鸭疫里默杆菌能在体外结合鸭Vn,经His-pull down、质谱鉴定及蛋白质结构分析，筛选出的外膜蛋白Omp45具有β桶状结构及7个暴露于细胞膜外的多肽环；成功原核表达Omp45及截短片段，制备的抗Omp45多克隆抗体间接ELISA效价超过1∶12 800,Western blot检测多克隆抗体可以与重组蛋白发生特异性反应；Far-Western blot及间接ELISA结果显示，Omp45、包含2个及以上细胞膜外多肽环的...     

羊流产嗜性衣原体重组ompA蛋白的原核表达及间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立

原核表达羊流产嗜性衣原体(Chlamydophila abortus,C.abortus)ompA蛋白,包被ompA蛋白抗原,筛选反应条件,成功建立了血清抗体ELISA检测方法。PCR扩增ompA蛋白基因并进行原核表达,经纯化、复性和Western blot鉴定后作为包被抗原,通过反应条件筛选、灵敏性、特异性、重复性检验和临床样品检测,创建了羊流产嗜性衣原体血清抗体间接ELISA检测方法。结果表明,建立pET-28α-ompA阳性质粒并表达约为40 000的ompA蛋白,Western blot显示纯化复性的ompA蛋白具备抗原性与特异性。反应条件筛选结果为ompA蛋白包被360 ng;血清及二抗分别稀释1∶50,1∶5 000并37℃作用1 h;TMB显色10 min。在优化条件下,D_(450)≥0.327为阳性,反之为阴性;特异性、敏感性和重复性结果显示,对布氏杆菌、羊痘、羊口疮、小反刍兽疫和产气荚膜梭菌阳性血清的检测结果均为阴性且50份流产性衣原体阳性血清检出率为98%,批内和批间D_(450)值变异系数分别为1.56%～2.56%和2.35%～3.25%。应用建立的方法对临床175份血清检测,阳性率为52%,商品化衣原体间接血凝检测阳性率为49.1%,阳性符合率为96.5%。本试验建立的间接ELISA检测方法可用于羊流产性衣原体血清抗体水平检测。     

抗鸭多杀性巴氏杆菌外膜蛋白H单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备抗鸭多杀性巴氏杆菌(P.multocida)外膜蛋白H(OmpH)单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究以原核表达并纯化的OmpH重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,将其脾淋巴细胞与SP2/0进行融合,并以重组OmpH蛋白为抗原,通过间接ELISA方法筛选出3株能够稳定分泌抗OmpH的杂交瘤细胞株(1A9、1E9、3G7)。MAb亚类鉴定表明,1A9、1E9和3G7均为IgG1亚类,轻链均为κ链。经western blot和间接免疫荧光检测证明3株MAb均具有良好的特异性。这些抗OmpH MAb的获得,为鸭P.multocida病的快速、有效、敏感的诊断方法建立奠定了基础。     

B亚型禽偏肺病毒重组G蛋白间接ELISA方法的建立及应用

以纯化的B亚型禽偏肺病毒(aMPV)疫苗株(VIR-115 B)重组G蛋白作为包被抗原,对各项条件进行优化,确定判定标准,建立检测B亚型aMPV抗体的间接ELISA方法.将构建好的重组质粒转入Rosetta (DE3)感受态细胞进行诱导表达,获得重组G蛋白.利用亲和层析法对表达产物进行纯化,并用Western-blotting对表达产物进行鉴定.以纯化后的重组G蛋白作为诊断抗原,对ELISA反应条件进行优化,初步建立检测B亚型aMPV抗体的间接ELISA诊断方法.结果显示,成功表达并纯化了B亚型aMPV疫苗株(VIR-115 B)重组G蛋白,Westernblotting检测结果证明表达产物具有良好的反应原性.以重组G蛋白作为诊断抗原,建立了间接ELISA诊断方法.交叉试验结果表明重组G蛋白与新城疫、禽流感(H9N2)、传染性支气管炎和传染性法氏囊阳性血清均不发生交叉反应.该方法与法国IDEXX公司生产的aMPV抗体检测试剂盒符合率为96.0％.采用本试验建立的间接ELISA方法对山东省7个地区鸡场的1 139份鸡血清进行了检测,结果表明,山东省部分地区aMPV的抗体阳性率为37.05％.本试验建立的间接ELISA方法具有较好的特异性、敏感性和重复性,利用该方法初步证实山东省部分地区存在aMPV感染现象.这一研究为aMPV诊断试剂盒的研制奠定了基础,并为该病的诊断与流行病学调查提供有效的技术手段.     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌类似crp基因的鉴定及其突变株对雏鸭免疫效果的评价

旨在鉴定鸭疫里默氏杆菌(Riemerella anatipestifer)中的crp基因,并探究该基因与菌株毒力的关系,了解crp基因突变株的免疫保护效力,为开发新型R.anatipestifer减毒活疫苗奠定基础。采用P-BLAST在R.anatipestifer蛋白质组中搜寻与沙门菌crp基因相似的蛋白基因,发现R.anatipestifer CH-1株的B739-0373基因与沙门菌crp基因相似度为45%;将B739-0373基因克隆到表达载体上,并回补到沙门菌Δcrp突变株中,利用麦芽糖-麦康凯培养基颜色反应对其糖代谢功能进行鉴定,结果发现该基因可完全回补沙门菌自身crp的缺失,推测R.anatipestifer CH-1株的B739-0373基因具有类似沙门菌crp基因的功能;利用同源重组和自杀质粒,构建R.anatipestifer CH-1Δcrp突变株,比较野生及突变株的生长情况和毒力(包括黏附率、侵染率、LD_(50)、在雏鸭肝脑中的定殖能力),结果表明,crp基因的缺失使菌株生长变得缓慢,黏附力(P0.01)和侵染力(P0.001)显著下降,对雏鸭的半数致死量(LD_(50))显著提高,在雏鸭肝脏、脑中定殖能力也显著下降(P0.01);在CH-1Δcrp突变株免疫雏鸭后7,14,21 d,检测雏鸭血清中IgG水平,并以R.anatipestifer野生株对免疫后的雏鸭进行肌注攻毒,观察其临床症状和免疫保护率,发现Δcrp突变株能刺激雏鸭产生高水平的IgG抗体(P0.01),对雏鸭的免疫保护率为100%。综上表明, B739-0373基因鉴定为R.anatipestifer CH-1株的类似crp基因,可全局调控该菌株的生长和毒力;安全剂量的CH-1Δcrp突变株可诱导雏鸭产生较强的免疫保护效力,可作为新型减毒活疫苗的候选菌株。     

Vaccination of ducks with recombinant outer membrane protein (OmpA) and a 41 kDa partial protein (P45N') of Riemerella anatipestifer.

The generation of protective immunity against Riemerella anatipestifer infection in ducks were investigated by immunizations with recombinant glutathione sulfatransferase (GST) fusion's proteins of OmpA, a 42kDa major outer membrane protein, and P45N', a 41kDa N-terminal fragment of a newly identified 45kDa potential surface protein from R. anatipestifer. The DNA encoding OmpA and P45N' were isolated from R. anatipestifer serotype 15 (field strain 110/89) and serotype 19 (reference strain 30/90), respectively. Immunoblotting and ELISA results showed that the purified recombinant proteins induced the production of antibodies in immunized ducks. However, neither was protective against subsequent challenge with the virulent serotype 15 strain, 34/90. All the five ducks immunized with formalinized R. anatipestifer strain 34/90 survived the challenge with the homologous strain whereas six out of seven ducks in the non-immunized control group died within a week following the challenge.     

Development of an ELISA using a recombinant 41 kDa partial protein (P45N') for the detection of Riemerella anatipestifer infections in ducks

Riemerella anatipestifer, a gram-negative bacillus, is the causative agent of duck septicemia, a disease which could incur much economic loss in the duck industry. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed to facilitate early detection of R. anatipestifer infection in ducks. The antigen used was a recombinant 41 kDa N-terminal fragment (rP45N') of a newly characterized R. anatipestifer potential surface protein, P45, which was expressed in Escherichia coli as an N-terminal GST fusion protein. The rP45N'-based ELISA successfully detected P45 antibodies in the sera of 20 ducks immunized with bacterin preparations of R. anatipestifer serotypes 1, 10 15, 19 and the ATCC11845 strain. Antibodies to P45 were also detected in the sera of 25% (75/296) of White Pekin ducks which were imported into Singapore from three different farms. Successful discrimination was obtained between sera from infected ducks and that of specific-pathogen free ducks (p<0.01). The rP45N'-GST antigen did not cross-react with antibodies in sera from guinea pigs which were infected with other gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial pathogens, including Aeromonas hydrophila, Citrobacter freundii, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pastuerella multocida, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella spp., Serratia maccescens, Shigella sonnei and Yersinia enterocolitica. In addition, the DNA sequence encoding P45 was detected in R. anatipestifer serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and the ATCC11845 strain, suggesting that P45 is probably also universally expressed in these R. anatipestifer serotypes. Thus, the ELISA described is applicable to the detection of R. anatipestifer infection in ducks.     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌10个基因在菌株中的分布及序列分析

检测鸭疫里默氏杆菌（Riemerellaanatipestifer,RA）10个基因在不同菌株间的分布并进行序列分析,研究其在不同菌株中的保守性。分别选取8株RA的10个基因进行PCR扩增,扩增产物克隆于pMD18-T载体,进行序列测定和分析。结果显示：测定的8株RA菌株中均能检测到Lipid A、LuxE和TCTR编码基因,表明这些基因在不同血清型RA菌株中的保守性良好;TR基因仅从6株具有致病性的RA菌株中扩增得到,而2株非致病性RA菌株NJ1和NJ4未能扩增到,表明TR基因可能与RA菌株的致病性相关;IS1仅从6株血清1型和2型的RA菌株扩增得到,2株血清10型菌株均未扩增得到,提示IS1为血清10型菌株缺失基因。     

Immunoproteomics analysis of whole cell bacterial proteins of Riemerella anatipestifer

Riemerella antipestifer is one of the most important duck pathogens. It has worldwide distribution, and the lack of the information on bacteria-host interactions and an effective vaccine are limitations on the control of this infection. In this study, an immunoproteomic assay was used to identify immunogenic proteins among the whole cell bacterial proteins of R. anatipestifer virulent strain Th4. Duck antiserum against R. anatipestifer Th4 recognized 64 protein spots which were transferred from two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gel of the whole cell bacterial proteins onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. Immunogenic proteins on a duplicate gel were excised and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF), a total of 34 immunogenic proteins were found. With the exception of OmpA and GroEL, the other 32 proteins were newly recognized immunogenic antigens of R. anatipestifer. In addition, TonB-dependent outer membrane receptor was found to be a cross immunogenic antigen among serotypes 1, 2 and 10 of R. anatipestifer. Bioinformatics analysis showed that most of the immunogenic proteins were located in the outer membrane and cytoplasm, and were involved in cellular processes and metabolism. The newly identified immunogenic proteins of R. anatipestifer may help us to uncover the pathogenesis of the bacteria, develop novel vaccine candidates and serological diagnosis marker.     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌明胶酶的纯化及特性分析

为阐明鸭疫里默氏杆菌明胶酶的特性,试验以液化明胶的AF株为研究对象,纯化了其明胶酶,并对该酶进行热稳定性、蛋白化学修饰剂抑制作用、金属离子及络合物的影响和致病性等特性分析。结果表明,鸭疫里默氏杆菌AF株的培养上清经超滤浓缩、70%硫酸铵沉淀、阴离子交换层析、疏水柱层析和凝胶柱层析,可获得纯化的明胶酶,SDS-PAGE显示单条带,相对分子质量约59000。该酶在65℃迅速失活,Cu2+、Cd2+、Mn2+、Hg2+对酶活性有强烈的抑制作用,络合物EDTA和EGTA的抑制作用可被Ca2+逆转,PMSF、NBS和AAD可抑制其活性。明胶酶对雏鸭具有毒力,能缩短鸭疫里默氏杆菌致病菌株感染的潜伏期和致死动物的时间,显著提高动物的死亡率。以上结果表明,鸭疫里默氏杆菌明胶酶是一种具有致病作用的金属蛋白酶。     

1型鸭疫里默氏杆菌的分离鉴定及基因组文库的构建

从临床病鸭中分离并鉴定了1型鸭疫里默氏杆菌,并在提取鸭疫里默氏杆菌的基因组DNA后,用Sau3A I酶切,回收大小为0．07～4 kb的片段;将酶切片段与酶切的质粒载体pRSET连接后,电转化大肠杆菌Rosetta,成功构建了1型鸭疫里默氏杆菌的基因组文库,经检测库容量约为40000个。随机筛选30个单菌落,用pRSET通用引物进行PCR鉴定,统计结果显示插入片段的大小93．3％在1～3 kb范围内,成功构建了鸭疫里默氏杆菌基因组文库,为鸭疫里默氏杆菌功能基因的克隆及鉴定奠定了基础。     

Molecular fingerprinting of Riemerella anatipestifer by repetitive sequence PCR.

Riemerella anatipestifer is a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium associated with epizootic infections in poultry. A total of 35 R. anatipestifer isolates including the type strain ATCC11845T, reference and field strains for 18 different serotypes were characterized by repetitive sequence based-PCR (rep-PCR) with outwardly-directed primers based on the repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) consensus sequence. This technique was applied by using either extracted genomic DNA or preparation of whole bacterial cells harvested directly from plate cultures. Rep-PCR discriminated the R. anatipestifer isolates into 19 electrophoretic types. DNA fingerprints obtained from rep-PCR of extracted genomic DNA or from preparations of whole cells yielded comparable patterns. Substantial variation was seen among the rep-PCR fingerprints of different serotypes. Moreover, different polymorphisms of the rep-PCR fingerprints were evident among epidemiologically unrelated isolates of the same serotype. These results suggest the presence of repetitive extragenic palindromic-like elements within the genome of R. anatipestifer that can be used in some isolates to discriminate between different strains belonging to the same serotype. Rep-PCR may serve as a useful molecular tool for subtyping R. anatipestifer isolates for epidemiologic investigations. The whole cell procedure offers the advantage of ease of performance requiring only small quantities of cells.     

1株无致病力的鸭疫里氏杆菌的分离及鉴定

从安徽和县无病鸭场的健康鸭咽部分离到1株革兰氏阴性短杆菌,定名为LY-58株。经分离培养、形态学检查、生理生化试验、血清学鉴定及PCR鉴定,分离菌株被鉴定为2型鸭疫里氏杆菌(Riemerella anatipestifer,RA)。毒力实验显示,2型RA参照菌株RAF2对10日龄北京鸭的LD50为5.57×107CFU,而分离菌株LY-58的LD50大于1.0×1010CFU,可确定为无致病性。     

OmpA is a virulence factor of Riemerella anatipestifer

Riemerella anatipestifer infection is probably the most economically important disease of farm ducks worldwide. The pathogen R. anatipestifer causes septicemia anserum exsudativa in ducks, but little is known about the molecular basis of its pathogenesis and the virulence factors involved. In this study, by deleting ompA gene from R. anatipestifer serotype 2 strain Th4, we constructed a mutant strain Th4ΔompA to investigate whether R. anatipestifer OmpA is an important virulence factor. Results showed that although the growth curve, bacterial and colony morphology of Th4ΔompA in tryptic soybean broth (TSB) or on TSB agar were similar to its parent strain Th4, the adhesion and invasion capacities of mutant strain to Vero cells were decreased significantly. Furthermore, the median lethal dose (LD(50)) of both strains was determined to measure the virulence with 10-day-old Cherry Valley ducklings. The results showed that LD(50) of Th4ΔompA mutant was >10(10) colony forming units (CFU), it was attenuated significantly in comparison with that of Th4 which LD(50) was 4.41 × 10(8) CFU. Additional analysis indicated that blood bacterial loading of ducklings infected with the Th4ΔompA mutant were much lower than those of Th4-infected ducklings. The results demonstrate that OmpA is a virulence factor of R. anatipestifer, and that it may act as an adhesin.