A new anaesthetic for birds

The successful use of the anaesthetic methohexatone sodium is described. Average recovery time was between 20 and 40 min.     

A portable resuscitation box for use in anaesthetic emergencies

Equipment and drugs required for treatment of anaesthetic emergencies are described. The necessity for speed is emphasized and a portable resuscitation box with concise instructions for management of cardiac arrest by both professional and lay staff is reported.     

A comparative study of neurologically-equivalent propofol anaesthetic combinations in the dog

Propofol, administered as the sole anaesthetic agent, was evaluated when given alone and to dogs premed-icated with acepromazine or medetomidine. Both preanaesthetic agents reduced the dose of propofol required for induction of anaesthesia. Medetomidine significantly reduced the dose of propofol required for the maintenance of anaesthesia for a 30-minute period. An equivalent depth of anaesthesia was established in each protocol as judged by lack of response to mechanical noxious stimuli and total amplitude reduction of brain wave activity. Differences in physiological responses between propofol and acepromazine/propofol were not significant. The dogs in the medetomidine/propofol group had a significantly higher blood pressure and longer duration of anaesthesia and recovery. Oxygen saturation was maintained above 90% by the administration of supplemental oxygen. The study demonstrated the comparative responses to a biologically equivalent depth of anaesthesia, as confirmed by brain wave analysis, using three different techniques using propofol.     

A new technique for liver resection in the dog

The 'finger-fracture' technique for liver resection is presented as a new technique, for use in the surgical management of liver biopsy, repair of trauma and resection of pathologic hepatic conditions. The main features of this technique are simplicity, and the reduction of haemorrhage.
Résumé. La technique 'finger-fracture' pour la résection du foie est présentée comme nouveau mode chirurgical des biopsies hépatiques, des réparations des lésions traumatiques et les résections du foie au cours de divers états pathologiques. Les principales caractéristiques de cette technique sont sa simplicité et la réduction des hémorragies.
Zusammenfassung. Die 'Fingerfraktur'-Methode der Leberresektion wird als eine neue Methode der chirurgischen Leberbiopsie, Traumabehandlung und Resektion pathologischer Zustände der Leber beschrieben. Die Hauptvorzüge dieser Methode sind ihre Einfachheit und die Verminderung der Blutung.     

Medetomidine, a new sedative-analgesic for use in the dog and its reversal with atipamezole

The sedative and physiological effects of intramuscular medetomidine (20 and 40 μg/kg) in dogs were compared with those of xylazine (2 mg/kg). The efficacy of atipamezole (200 μg/kg), as an antagonist given 15 or 45 minutes after medetomidine (40 μg/kg) was studied. Following medetomidine, onset of sedation was rapid, and depth and duration of sedation were dose dependent. The higher dose produced jaw relaxation, depression of the pedal reflex, downward rotation of the eye and dogs could be positioned for radiography of the hips. Side effects were similar after either medetomidine or xylazine, and included bradycardia, a fall in respiratory rate and muscle tremor. Vomiting during induction was less frequent after medetomidine than after xylazine. Intramuscular administration of atipamezole rapidly reversed the sedative effects of medetomidine. Signs of arousal were seen within three minutes; all dogs could stand within 10 minutes and appeared clinically normal. Heart and respiratory rates rose, but did not return to presedation values. Relapse to sedation was not noted.     

A new test for the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in the dog

A new approach to the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in the dog has been evaluated. The synthetic peptide, N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid, administered orally, is specifically cleaved by pancreatic chymotrypsin to release p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) which is subsequently absorbed and excreted in the urine. The assay of plasma PABA or the estimation of urinary excretion over a 6-hour period was found to give a clear differentiation between two small groups of healthy dogs and animals with pancreatic insufficiency. The absorption of orally administered sodium PABA was similar in the two groups confirming that the rate limiting process following oral peptide is hydrolysis not absorption.     

A steroid anaesthetic for cats

Extract

Hans Selye, at McGill University, Montreal, was the first to demonstrate the anaesthetic activity of steroids — in 1941. While investigating the effects of overdosage of several steroid hormones in rats, he discovered that large amounts injected intraperitoneally induced anaesthesia. His observations have led to the development, some 30 years later, of a new steroid anaesthetic. The preparation was investigated under the provisional name CT 1341, and clinical trials in animals and man have shown that it possesses many useful properties. This preparation is now available under the trade name “Saffan” (Glaxo).     

The use of an anaesthetic combination in pigs

Extract

The purpose of this communication is to inform veterinarians about an anaesthetic regimen which we hare found useful in pigs requiring short-term anaesthesia for minor procedures. We believe this communication is timely because, over recent years, there has been an increasing number of pigs kept as companion animals.     

检验检疫犬训练和应用研究

为适应我国人世和北京举办2008年奥运会的要求,加强入境口岸旅客携带物的检疫工作,北京出入境检验检疫局于2001年底经过可行性分析和论证,开展了检验检疫工作犬(以下简称检疫犬)的训练和应用研究。     

现场应如何使用犬

一、调适心态,投入工作现场工作与日常模拟训练不同,现场的紧张气氛、领导的期望、同事们肯定或怀疑的态度,都会给带犬民警带来较大的心理压力。在压力面前,首先应当树立自信心,充分相信     

Ketamine as a part of anaesthetic management in a dog with twiddler's syndrome

An 11‐year‐old male German shepherd dog was referred for possible pacemaker implantation. A routine 6‐lead electrocardiogram revealed a third‐degree atrio‐ventricular block with a heart rate of 40 to 45 beats/minute. A transvenous pacemaker implantation procedure was scheduled. The dog was premedicated with 10 µg/kg acepromazine and 5 mg/kg pethidine. A dose of 5 mg/kg ketamine and 0·2 mg/kg diazepam were used for induction and isoflurane in O₂ and a constant rate infusion of ketamine (20 to 30 µg/kg/minute) were administered for maintenance of general anaesthesia. Due to a twiddler's syndrome, the pacemaker had to be repositioned. For the second procedure, the same protocol was employed except for a lower dose of ketamine both for induction (3 mg/kg) and constant rate infusion (10 to 15 µg/kg/minute). Ketamine appeared to be useful for both management of anaesthesia and cardiac pacemaker implantation in the absence of a temporary pacemaker.     

Development of an opiate-based anaesthetic technique for use in dogs with cardiomyopathy.

An opiate-based anaesthetic technique has been developed for use in dogs with end-stage heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy. It has been used in dogs undergoing translocation of the left latissimus dorsi around the descending thoracic aorta to create an autologous counterpulsation system. Anaesthesia was induced with barbiturate (10 mg/kg thiopentone) and fentanyl (500 micrograms) and maintained by an infusion of fentanyl (0.5 micrograms/kg/minute) [corrected] in addition to halothane (0.1 to 0.5 per cent) and nitrous oxide (20 to 60 per cent). This technique provided safe anaesthesia for major intrathoracic surgery.     

A new treatment for presumed corneal epithelial inclusion cyst in a shih-tzu dog

An 8-year-old female shih-tzu was assessed for a 3-year history of yellow intrastromal material in the right eye. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy showed a yellow lesion in the upper half of the cornea, superficial corneal neovascularisation and oedema with negative fluorescein staining in the right eye. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed a nearly anechoic cystic space surrounded by hyperechoic oedematous cornea separating the stroma at three-quarters of the corneal depth. Two partial-thickness corneal incisions were performed around the lesion under topical anaesthesia. After cytology and culture sampling, intrastromal flushing was performed. A yellow viscous necrotic tissue was identified with no microorganism or evidence of tumour formation. Antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and a bandage contact lens were applied. Ultrasound biomicroscopy confirmed no recurrence 8 days later. Corneal neovascularisation and oedema gradually resolved through a 2-week follow-up. There was no recurrence in the subsequent 8 months.