四倍体刺槐立体茎段高效再生体系的建立

以四倍体刺槐Robinia pseudoacaciaL.试管苗根、叶及茎段为材料进行培养,结果表明:茎段出芽率最高,可达89%以上,出芽数为7.7。MS Salt B5Vitamin BA3mg/L ZT2mg/L 2.4-D 0.05mg/L对茎段出芽效果较好,培育条件为光照培养2000lx,每天光照15h,培养室温度(25±2)℃。外植体的不同生理状态及接种方式,对出芽也有一定影响,幼嫩茎段以切面没入培养基,出芽率高。还研究了再生苗附加IBA0.5 mg/L的1/2MS培养基上生根率达100%。     

四倍体刺槐的组织培养研究

本文对四倍体刺槐组织培养中的各种影响因素进行了试验分析 ,确定了最佳分化培养基和生根培养基的成分 ,并分析讨论了激素、光照、温度等因子在其培养中的作用及健化时的注意事项等 ,为四倍体刺槐的进一步快繁提供了科学依据     

四倍体刺槐转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因的研究

试验以所建立的四倍体刺槐高频再生体系为基础,通过农杆菌介导法转化甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因,以GUS染色组织分析法为依据探讨了影响转化效率的各种因素,建立了优化转化体系,结果如下:20mg·L~(-1)乙酞丁香酮可显著提高转化效率;菌液浓度OD_(600)值0.3～0.7、预培养2d为宜;转化后暗培养对转化效率没有影响。并在以上研究基础上,成功地建立了高效、可重复的遗传转化体系,选择培养基上头孢霉素400mg·L~(-1)可有效地抑制农杆菌;卡那霉素50mg·L~(-1)时愈伤组织的白化死亡率达96.4％。经PCR检测,外源基因已成功的整合到植株的基因组DNA中,获得了15个转基因株系。     

不同培养基对四倍体刺槐叶片不定芽诱导研究

以四倍体刺槐不同着生节位大田叶片为试材,接种于3种不同培养基进行培养,诱导不定芽,使其形成再生植株。结果表明:以尚未充分展开复叶为最佳外植体,MS Salt B5Vitamin 1.8 mg/L NAA 1.1mg/L6-BA培养基为最佳诱导培养基,愈伤组织诱导率、芽分化率、苗增值系数最高,分别为96.7%、93.1%、9.1倍。     

四倍体刺槐组织培养技术研究

四倍体刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia是我国引种驯化历史较久的外来树种,为人工诱交植株,分速生型和饲料型。与普通刺槐相比具有更强的适生能力,对土质要求不严格,耐干旱瘠薄,在海拔2 000 m以下、降水量不低于200 mm、年平均气温不低于3℃的地区均能生长。本实验对速生型四倍体刺槐进行了组织培养及健化技术的研究,在不定芽的诱导中,以MS、1／ 2(N)MS、LS、1／2(N)LS为基本培养基,在各培养基中,以MS+BAP0．2 mg／L+NAA0．05 mg／L的组合生长情况最好,但随着继代次数的增加,其细胞分裂素要逐步降低。在生根培养中,以1／2MS+NAA0．05 mg／L+IBAO．01 mg／L生根最好。在苗木健化中,其成活率达 73．4％。     

Kan对四倍体刺槐愈伤组织及不定芽诱导的研究

以四倍体刺槐茎段为材料,接种于附加不同浓度卡那霉素(Kanamycin)的CNB培养基(含有一定浓度NAA、BA的MS培养基)上,当浓度达到50mg/L时,愈伤组织明显膨大、疏松,不定芽的诱导和生长几乎完全受到抑制,为筛选致死浓度;培养基中的激素种类和浓度对四倍体刺槐不定芽的诱导有明显影响,以CNB培养基培养10d后,转入附加50mg/L卡那霉素的DN培养基(含有一定浓度NAA、BA、ZT、2,4-D的MS培养基)上,通过两步诱导法,既提高了芽分化率(为94%),又达到了筛选的目的,此法为本研究的最佳方案。     

四倍体刺槐的组织培养快繁技术研究

以MS为基本培养基,取四倍体刺槐茎段作外植体进行组织培养研究,结果表明,MS基本培养基+6-BA 0.25mg.L-1+NAA0.05 mg.L-1可有效诱导四倍体用材型刺槐单芽茎段上的腋芽萌发并抽生成嫩梢,腋芽的萌发率为100%;转入MS基本培养基+6-BA1.0mg.L-1+NAA0.2mg.L-1或MS基本培养基+6-BA2.0mg.L-1+IBA0.5mg.L-1培养,可有效诱导丛生芽的增殖,繁殖系数可达93.8%~100%;MS基本培养基+NAA0.2mg.L-1,可诱导试管嫩梢100%生根,而且根系愈伤组织很小;并且成功地进行了试管苗的移栽,成活率达95%以上。     

提高四倍体刺槐荒山造林成活率的试验

通过分析四倍体刺槐荒山造林成活率的试验,提出应用抗旱造林粉、壮苗深植、截干修枝等措施可明显提高四倍体刺槐荒山造林成活率。     

四倍体刺槐的繁育与推广

通过4a对四倍体刺槐新品种引种和繁育应用技术研究，总结出了其科学繁育的技术要点。四倍体刺槐以速生刺槐作砧木，采用硬枝劈接法，接穗用60mg／kg植物调节剂8号（GGR8）处理2h，嫁接苗平均成活率达到94.03％，当年生苗木平均高为2．8m，平均胸径为3cm。该项应用技术为长冶市大面积推广栽植四倍体刺槐提供了可靠的技术支撑。     

四倍体刺槐扦插试验初报

利用不同的剪切方式及不同的激素处理对四倍体刺槐进行了夏季带叶嫩枝扦插试验 ,同时与普通刺槐和速生刺槐进行了对比。结果表明 :径切能明显促进插穗生根 ,激素IBA的处理效果较ABT生根粉和 91 1生根素好 ,而且四倍体刺槐本身的生根能力较普通刺槐和速生刺槐差。     

High-frequency Induction of Adventitious Shoots from Leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia by Thidiazuron

INTRODUCTION Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a nitrogen- fixing leguminous tree valuable for its agroforestry qualities (ornamental value, timber production, animal feed, and honey production). Moreover, its fast growing rate and potential for environmental amelioration have drawn attention to the species as one of the leading candidates for woody biomass plantations (Mitchell C P, 1988; Ranney J W, et al, 1988). The amenability of black locust to be regenerated by tissue cul…     

Ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of six nutritive ingredients in leaves and stems of young tetraploid black locust in growing steers

Tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is a woody plant with larger leaves and richer nutritional content than normal diploid black locust, with greater biomass and wider adaptability than herbaceous plant forage. However, currently no stockbreeders have adopted it as a major forage in China and other countries for a lack of information on the evaluation of nutritional ingredients of leaves and stems of young tetraploid black locust (YTBL) by in situ digesting tests. The objectives of this study wer...     

芦竹组织培养技术研究

春秋季取芦竹腋芽和带腋芽茎段,接种于含有不同激素种类及激素浓度的MS培养基上,进行芽的诱导和生根试验.结果表明,在一个培养周期内,每个腋芽平均可以分化出嫩芽3.6个,而每个茎段只能产生1个嫩芽,IBA,IAA最适合茎段腋芽的生长,2,4-D,NAA则较差,茎段在MSA 0.5～4mg／L6-BA＋0.3～1.0mg／LIBA上生长均较好,附加0.05,0.5mg／LIBA,NAA,IAA的（1／2）MS培养基均能促进幼苗生根.     

Ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of six nutritive ingredients in leaves and stems of young tetraploid black locust in growing steers

Tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is a woody plant with larger leaves and richer nutritional content than normal diploid black locust, with greater biomass and wider adaptability than herbaceous plant forage. However, currently no stockbreeders have adopted it as a major forage in China and other countries for a lack of information on the evaluation of nutritional ingredients of leaves and stems of young tetraploid black locust (YTBL) by in situ digesting tests. The objectives of this study were: 1) to assess the nutritive value of YTBL that bourgeoned from root stumps in the spring by determining the ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) from leaves, stems and a mixture of both leaves and stems (MLS) of YTBL; 2) to compare these kinetic estimates with those of Leymus chinensis, a widely used ruminant forage in China. All samples were evaluated in situ by using five ruminally cannulated crossbred steers (550±22.7 kg BW). The results of 48 hours, the representative incubation period, indicate that in situ disappearance rates of DM and OM in YTBL leaves, stems and MLS are on average about 40% and can attain the level of digestibility of L. chinensis. In situ disappearance rates of leaves, stems and MLS of YTBL for CP and EE were 41% and 58% respectively, rates higher than those of L. chinensis. But the disappearance rates of NDF and ADF were, on average, respectively 30.62% and 24.89% and lower than those of L. chinensis. By analyzing synthetically all of our results it could be inferred that MLS of YTBL offers effective ruminal degradability of DM, NDF, ADF, CP, EE and OM, similar to the nutrients of L. chinensis. This supports our contention that the YTBL leaves, stems and MLS are suitable feed for those ruminants requiring high levels of nutrients, such as dairy cows and Boer goats, instead of plant forage, which is decidedly lacking in some parts of the world.     

Establishment of a transgenic system in fast-growing black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)

The AhDREB1 gene, cloned from Atriplex hortensis L., was transferred into black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) by an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The results suggest that stems of black locust sub-cultured in vitro for 20 d are suitable for genetic transformation. The optimum concentrations of kanamycin and cefotaxime were 30 and 150 mg.L-1, respectively. Impor-tant factors affecting the transformation efficiency were studied by means of a L9(34) orthogonal design. An effective system for ge-netic transformation in black locust was developed as follows: the stems were pre-cultured for 2 d, immersed in the Agrobacterium solution (OD6oo = 0.7) with 10 mg'L-1 acetosyringone for 21 min and then co-cultured for 2 d. The selection pressures, changing from low to high, could improve transformation efficiency. The transgenic plants were identified by a PCR method. The PCR results indicated that the AhDREB1 gene had been integrated into the genome of black locust and two lines of the transgenic plants were obtained.     

农杆菌介导高羊茅基因转化体系的建立

以高羊茅(FestucaarundinaceaSchrebb)品系宾哥(Bingo)为材料,建立了农杆菌介导的基因转化方法。高羊茅种子在9mgL-12,4-D作用下,获得胚性愈伤组织。愈伤组织经农杆菌侵染,在30和50mgL-1的潮霉素浓度梯度下筛选,得抗性愈伤组织。组织化学染色法证实,uidA基因在抗性愈伤组织中表达:抗性愈伤组织在分化培养基中分化得到转基因植株。PCR、Southern杂交法证实外源基因已导入到高羊茅植株中。图5参37。     

刺槐平茬后的经营管理技术研究

刺槐林木生长到中龄林以上阶段,出现老化衰退现象,经人工平茬后达到萌蘖复壮更新的目的,其经营管理技术极为重要。通过清除伐根、严格管护、林间挖沟、补植等系列经营管理技术,才能达到复壮更新的目的。     

刺槐尺蠖防治指标的研究

经过对刺槐的蓄叶量、叶面积、刺槐尺蠖食叶量、人工模拟摘叶对刺槐生长量影响等因子的调查分析,得出胸径D与刺槐蓄叶量M之间的关系式为M=135265．73 ＋ 13949．41D（相关系数r=0．976）,刺槐叶面积与鲜重（长宽平均值）的关系：S=0．096W - 0．086（r=0．986）,S=1．99L - 0．68（r=0．988）,刺槐尺蠖幼虫期平均每头损叶量为295．45cm^2,根据CT=M＊H／Q（1-R）关系式,计算出不同径阶刺槐树的刺槐尺蠖的防治指标。     

刺槐速生丰产林营造技术

通过对桥山林区营造刺槐速生丰产林的调查分析,介绍了营造刺槐速生丰产林的技术,为今后大力发展刺槐速生丰产林提供技术保障。     

豫东刺槐无性系的生长比较试验

豫东开封8个刺槐无性系9年生试验材料表明:参试无性系树高、胸径和材积差异达显著水平,用布雷津综合评价法对无性系进行排序,选择出1个刺槐优良无性系3—Ⅰ,9年生树高、胸径、材积分别超豫刺槐1号22 75%、27 38%、73 14%。