沙葱和油料籽实对羊肉营养成分及食用品质的影响

采用28只内蒙古羯羊，依照体重相近的原则随机分为4组，分别为对照组、沙葱组、籽实组、沙葱＋籽实组。结果表明：沙葱和油料籽实及其交互作用对绵羊背最长肌水分、蛋白质、脂肪、灰分含量等营养成分的影响均不显著（P＞0．05）；对熟肉率、失水率、pH值无显著影响（P＞0．05）。但沙葱和油料籽实交互作用对羊肉的嫩度有显著影响（P＜0．05）。     

酶制剂对成年鹅血液中IGF-I、β-END及某些激素含量的影响

14只装有长久性翅静脉瘘管的成年鹅，自身对照。饲以大麦（占45％）基础日粮，试验期添加0．1％的Biokyowa粗酶制剂。经血管瘘管采血，分离血浆，用RIA法测定其中激素含量，结果如下：与对照期相比，粗酶制剂使血液中GH、IGF－Ⅰ和β－END的水平分别升高32．22％（P＜0．05），70．73％（P＜0．01）和35．21％（P＜0．01）；T3、T4水平分别高15．38％（P＜0．05）和14．97％（P＜0．05），T3／T4基本不变，TSH有升高的趋势。以上结果提示，粗酶制剂影响成年鹅的神经内分泌，改变血液中生长和代谢激素的水平，从而调节机体的新陈代谢。     

植酸酶对生长肥育猪生长性能、营养素利用、胴体和肌肉品质影响的研究

选用60头平均体重28．3kg的杜长大杂种猪，随机分成2组，每组30头。在生长期（28～58kg）每组分成3圈（重复），每圈10头；在肥育期（58～95kg）每组分成6圈（重复），每圈5头。试验组饲粮中添加植酸酶750FTU／kg（FTU为植酸酶的活性单位），对照组饲粮中不添加植酸酶。生长期和肥育期饲粮钙磷比分别为1．15：1和1．18：1。试验结果显示，（1）饲粮中添加植酸酶使生长期、肥育期和生长肥育全期的平均日增重显著提高（P〈0．05），对平均日采食量和料重比无显著影响（P〉0．05）；（2）添加植酸酶对胴体和肌肉品质的影响不明显（P〉0．05）；（3）添加植酸酶对生长期养分（干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、粗灰分、钙、磷）的消化率无显著影响（P〉0．05），但显著提高肥育期养分的消化率（P〈0．01）；（4）添加植酸酶未能提高生长期养分的吸收量（P〉0．05），但显著提高肥育期粗灰分（P〈0．01）和磷（P〈0．05）的吸收量；（5）添加植酸酶使生长期粪中铜的含量显著降低（P〈0．05），但对其他养分含量无显著影响（P〉0．05），添加植酸酶对肥育期粪中养分含量无显著影响（P〉0．05）；（6）添加植酸酶对生长期粪中养分的排泄量均无显著影响（P〉0．05），但有减少铜排泄量的趋势（P〉0．05），添加植酸酶使肥育期磷的排泄量显著降低（P〈0．05），并有降低氮和金属微量元素（铜、锌、铁、锰）排泄量的趋势（P〉0．05）。试验结果表明，饲粮中添加植酸酶可促进猪生长肥育期的增重，提高肥育期对养分的消化利用，降低生长期粪中铜的含量，减少肥育期粪中磷的排泄量；添加植酸酶对胴体和肌肉品质无不良影响。     

中卫山羊与内蒙古阿拉善绒山羊的杂交效果分析

中卫山羊和内蒙阿拉善绒山羊母羊体重体尺间差异不显著（P＞0．05），中阿杂种母羊周岁时的体重明显高于亲本（P＜0．05），杂种优势率为12．26％，体尺间差异不显著（P＞0．05）；中阿杂种成年母羊的体高明显高于亲本（P＜0．01），杂种优势率为4．42％，胸围显著高于亲本（P＜0．05），杂种优势率为2．26％，体长、管围和体重明显低于亲本（P＜0．05）。内蒙阿拉善绒山羊母羊绒毛产量明显高于中卫山羊（P＜0．01）；杂种母羊绒产量界于双亲之间，周岁时显著低于内蒙阿拉善绒山羊（P＜0．05），与中卫山羊间差异不显著（P＞0．05），无杂种优势；成年时明显低于内蒙阿拉善绒山羊（P＜0．01），显著高于中卫山羊（P＜0．05），杂种优势率为1．5％。中卫山羊母羊粗毛产量明显高于内蒙阿拉善绒山羊母羊和阿杂种母羊（P＜0．01），内蒙阿拉善绒山羊母羊和中阿杂种母羊粗毛产量间差异不显著（P＞0．05），绒毛自然长度间无差异（P＞0．05），粗毛长度在周岁时无差异性，成年时中卫山羊明显高于内蒙阿拉善绒山羊母羊和中阿杂种母羊（P＜0．01）。     

硒不同添加水平对高峰期罗曼蛋鸡蛋品质及其在体内代谢的影响

为研究不同硒的添加水平对高峰期新罗曼蛋鸡蛋品质及其在体内代谢的影响。将360只90日龄新罗曼蛋用育成鸡随机分为三组，每组6个重复，每个重复20只。在硒含量为003mg／kg基础日粮中添加0．15、0．30和0．45mg／kg亚硒酸钠，进行60d的饲养试验，结果表明：（1）不同硒添加水平对蛋品质产生显著影响，添加0．45mg／kg亚硒酸钠可显著提高蛋壳强度和蛋形指数（P〈0．05），添加0．30mg／kg和0．45mg／kg可显著提高蛋白高度（P〈0．05），添加0．30mg／kg可提高蛋重（P〈o．05）。（2）不同硒添加水平对产蛋鸡硒的表观利用率无显著影响（P〉0．05）。（3）心脏、肝脏、大腿肌肉和羽毛中硒含量随添加量的提高而极显著的增加（P〈0．01），全血中硒含量无显著变化（P〉0．05）。     

果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡肠道菌群数量、发酵粪中氨气和硫化氢散发量及营养素利用率的影响

选用360只1日龄AA肉公鸡，随机分成5个处理组，每个处理设6个重复，每个重复12只鸡。试验饲粮分别为：基础饲粮（对照组），基础饲粮＋0．3％果寡糖，基础饲粮＋0．1％枯草芽孢杆菌，基础饲粮＋0．3％果寡糖＋0．1％枯草芽孢杆菌，基础饲粮＋150mg／kg金霉素（有效成分为15％）。结果表明：果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌具有选择性地增加肉鸡盲肠中的乳酸杆菌等有益菌群的数量，减少大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌等有害菌的数量，二者的复合添加可以更好地调节肉鸡肠道微生态环境；与对照组相比，肉鸡饲粮中果寡糖的添加使发酵粪中NH3和H2S的散发量分别降低38．38％（P〈0．05）和24．35％（P〈0．05），果寡糖＋枯草芽孢杆菌的添加使发酵粪中NH3和H2S的散发量分别降低62．14％（P〈0．05）和28．49％（P〈0．05），枯草芽孢杆菌或金霉素的添加对发酵粪中NH3和H2S的散发量均无显著影响（P〉0．05）；果寡糖、枯草芽孢杆菌和果寡糖＋枯草芽孢杆菌的添加，使肉鸡对粗灰分的利用率分别提高了18．94％（P〈0．05）、17．36％（P〈0．05）和23．66％（P〈0．05），钙的利用率分别提高了20．78％（P〈0．05）、14．63％（P〈0．05）和21．31％（P〈0．05），磷的利用率分别提高了6．60％（P〉0．05）、12．32％（P〈0．05）和14．67%（P〈0．05），但不影响粗蛋白利用率（P〉0．05）。     

混合瘤胃微生物体外利用蛋氨酸、赖氨酸的研究

为研究瘤胃微生物对瘤胃液中添加的蛋氨酸、赖氨酸的利用情况，并进一步探讨添加氨基酸对瘤胃液中尿素氮、部分酶活的影响，将采集到的来自3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年萨能山羊的瘤胃液混合后，平均分装成18个瓶，随机分成3个处理组，每组6个重复。采用6重复随机因子试验设计。第1组中每瓶添加蛋氨酸2mM（0．25mol／L．Met溶液8mL），第2组中每瓶添加赖氨酸2mM（0．25mol／L Lys溶液8mL），第3组中每瓶加等体积蒸馏水作为空白对照组，体外培养16h。结果表明：添加氨基酸后，混合瘤胃液中的尿素氮（UN）含量显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）；谷氨酸脱氢酶（GLDH）活性随着体外培养时间的延长而迅速增加，并且添加蛋氨酸组的GLDH的活性明显高于其他两组（P〈0．01），而添加赖氨酸组的GLDH活性则极显著低于蛋氨酸组和对照组（P〈0．01）；添加的氨基酸和体外培养时间对于谷丙转氨酶（GPT）活性没有显著的影响（P〉0．05）；添加氨基酸组的谷草转氨酶（GOT）的活性显著低于对照组（P〈0．05），但体外培养时间对各组中GOT的活性没有显著的影响。说明体外培养过程中瘤胃微生物分解赖氨酸的速率要比蛋氨酸快；添加的氨基酸使UN增加，但对GOT、GPT的活性起抑制作用；添加蛋氨酸可增加GLDH活性，但添加赖氨酸却有抑制作用。     

瘦肉型猪杂交组合的筛选研究

本试验研究了早籼稻饲粮中添加NSP酶对生长猪作用效果的影响。结果表明，与对照组比较，早灿稻饲粮中添加NSP酶制剂使生长猪日增重提高了11．18％（P＜0．05），料重比降低了9．42％（P＜0．05）；粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗纤维的表观消化率分别提高了18．76％（P＜0．01）、16．04％（P＜0．05）、108．57％（P＜0．05）；腹泻率、粪便大肠杆菌数分别下降了37．00％（P＜0．05）、81．29％（P＜0．05）。     

山楂叶总黄酮对黄羽肉鸡生长及肉品质的影响

研究选择21日龄快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡为试验动物，以山楂叶总黄酮为饲料添加剂，验证山楂叶总黄酮替代抗生素对黄羽肉鸡生产性能及肉品质的影响。结果表明：（1）日粮中添加山楂叶总黄酮显著提高了黄羽肉鸡4～6周龄的平均日增重（P〈0．05）和采食量（P〈0．05），降低了料重比（P〈0．05）；但对7～9周龄试验鸡的平均日增重、采食量和料重比影响不明显。（2）日粮中添加山楂叶总黄酮，显著提高了胸肌和腿肌的肉色色度百分比（P〈0．05），降低了胸肌的滴水损失（P〉0．05）：其中D组和E组与对照组相比均达到显著性差异（P〈0．05），但对黄羽肉鸡胸肌的剪切力和pH值影响不显著（P〉0．05）。从添加水平对肉鸡生产性能及肉品质的影响看，4～9周肉鸡日粮中以添加20mg／kg效果最佳，而且山楂叶总黄酮各添加水平组与抗生素组相比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。     

甜菜碱促蛋鸡产蛋的内分泌作用机制

将512和300日龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分为2组，分别饲喂添加甜菜碱0、800mg/kg的2种饲粮，于试验30、80d采血和屠宰，探讨了甜菜碱保产蛋的内分泌作用机制。结果显示，日粮中添加甜菜碱30、80d，均可显著提高产蛋鸡腺垂体和血清中FSH、LH含量（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；显著提高血清中T3、雌二醇（E2）、孕酮（P4）的含量（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；显著提高下丘脑和腺垂体中cAMP含量（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。日粮中添加甜菜碱80d，可显著提高产蛋鸡血清中甲状旁腺激素（PTH）含量（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。日粮中添加甜菜碱对血清中T4含量无明显影响。     

Effect of feeding Aspergillus awamori and canola seed on the growth performance and muscle fatty acid profile in broiler chicken

The aim of this study was to examine effects of dietary supplementation with Aspergillus awamori and feeding canola seed on the growth and fatty acid profile in broilers. Twenty‐eight chicks (15 days old) were assigned to the following groups: (1) control, fed a basal diet; (2) awamori, fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05% A. awamori; (3) canola, fed a diet containing 5% canola seed; and (4) canola + awamori, fed the canola diet supplemented with A. awamori (seven birds/group). Body weight gain was increased by A. awamori but not influenced by canola seed. Breast muscle weight was increased in either awamori or canola groups. Although plasma triglyceride and cholesterol were decreased by feeding A. awamori or canola seed, fat content in the breast muscle were increased, accompanied by decrease in saturated fatty acids and increase in unsaturated fatty acids. Moreover, decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and increased α‐tocopherol content in the breast muscle was observed in all experimental groups. In conclusion, these results suggested that feeding canola seed and A. awamori might improve growth performance, and modified muscle fatty acid profile and α‐tocopherol content, suggesting that they may improve meat quality.     

The true metabolisable energy content of canola oilcake meal and full-fat canola seed for ostriches (Struthio camelus)

1. The true metabolisable energy (TME) of canola oilcake and full-fat canola seed was determined for ostriches to broaden our knowledge of canola as a potential protein and energy source for ostriches. 2. Both test materials were diluted with a basal diet, fed to ostriches and TME-values estimated by multiple regression analysis. 3. The TME values for canola oilcake meal and full-fat canola seed for ostriches were respectively 13.76 MJ kg(-1) and 22.5 MJ kg(-1). 4. The TME values obtained for these 2 important protein sources will assist in the more accurate formulation of diets for ostriches.     

Processing conditions affect nutrient digestibility of cold-pressed canola cake for grower pigs

Cold-pressed canola cake is a coproduct of biodiesel production that contains more residual oil than expeller-pressed and solvent-extracted canola meal. Cold-pressed canola cake might be an attractive feedstuff for swine due to local availability from small plants. However, the nutritional quality and content of anti-nutritional factors of cold-pressed canola cake are poorly defined and vary with processing conditions. This experiment evaluated cold-pressed canola cake processed using 4 different conditions: a nonheated and heated barrel at slow and fast screw speed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Seven ileally cannulated barrows (26 kg of BW) were fed twice daily at 2.8 × maintenance diets containing either 44% of 1 of the 4 cold-pressed canola cake samples, expeller-pressed canola meal, canola seed, or an N-free diet in a 7 × 7 Latin square. The objectives were to measure the energy and AA digestibility and to calculate standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA and NE content. Each 9-d experimental period consisted of a 5-d diet adaptation, followed by 2-d feces and 2-d ileal digesta collections, and 7 observations per diet were obtained. Cold-pressed canola cake contained 41% CP, 16% ether extract, and 5 μmol of total glucosinolates/g (DM basis). Both apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and total tract energy digestibility of energy in cold-pressed canola cake was 36% greater (P < 0.05) in heated vs. nonheated conditions and 8% greater (P < 0.05) in fast vs. slow screw speed without interaction, indicating that heat enhanced energy digestibility. The AID of energy of cold-pressed canola cake was 13 and 118% greater (P < 0.01) than expeller-pressed canola meal and canola seed, respectively. Heat and speed interacted (P < 0.05) for SID of AA of test ingredients, but effects were not consistent among AA. The DE and calculated NE content of cold-pressed canola cake was 0.73 and 0.52 Mcal/kg greater (P=0.001; DM basis), respectively, than expeller-pressed canola meal and did not differ from canola seed. Cold-pressed canola cake averaged 4.17 Mcal of DE/kg, 2.84 Mcal of NE/kg, 0.87% SID Lys, 0.46% SID Met, and 0.79% SID Thr (DM basis). In conclusion, processing conditions greatly affected the digestible nutrient content of cold-pressed canola cake. Content of residual ether extract was an important determinant of the energy value of cold-press canola cake, whereas residual glucosinolates did not seem to hamper nutrient digestibility.     

Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ

An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.     

日粮中添加整粒油籽对绵羊体脂脂肪酸组成的影响

日粮中分别添加相当于40 g粗脂肪的油菜籽(canola)、油葵籽、红花籽和亚麻籽,饲喂成年母羊35 d后屠宰,用气相色谱技术测定了背最长肌、尾部、背膘和肾脏4个部位脂肪的脂肪酸(FA)组成,结果表明:1)红花籽可显著降低肌肉中的短链、长链饱和脂肪酸及总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)的比例,而增加单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和总不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)的比例,而添加油菜籽对肌肉的FA无显著影响;2)油葵显著降低了尾部短链和中链脂肪酸,提高了多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)与SFA的比值(P:S),油菜籽可显著降低尾部短链脂肪酸;3)添加亚麻籽有增加所有组织UFA和P:S值,降低SFA的趋势,但只有背膘脂肪中的PUFA显著增高;4)各类油籽对脂肪组织中的总SFA和MUFA无明显影响,其中肾脏脂肪受影响最小.     

Dietary composition affects odour emissions from meat chickens

Abatement of odour emissions has become an important consideration to agricultural industries,including poultry production. The link between diet and odour emissions was studied in two experiments using Ross 308 male meat chickens reared in specially designed chambers in a climate controlled room. In the first experiment, two treatments were compared using three replicates of two birds per chamber. Two wheat-soy based treatment diets were formulated with or without canola seed, an ingredient rich in sulfur amino acids, Treatment 1(T1) had 13,39 MJ/kg ME(as fed) and used 60 g/kg canola seed without corn while Treatment 2(T2) contained 12.90 MJ/kg ME(as fed) and used 150 g/kg corn without canola seed. In the second experiment, birds were assigned to three dietary treatments of five replicates with five birds per replicate(chamber). The basal starter, grower and finisher diets in the control group(SBM group) contained soybean meal in the range of 227-291 g/kg(as fed) as the main protein source. The other treatments(CM and MBM groups) contained either high levels of canola meal(174-190 g/kg) or meat meal(74-110 g/kg) at the expense of soybean meal. In both experiments, diets were isocaloric, isonitrogenous and contained similar digestible amino acid contents as per 2007 Aviagen Ross 308 guidelines. Emissions of odour were measured using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy. In both experiments, major odorous compounds detected included 2,3-butanedione(diacetyl),2-butanone, dimethyl disulfide, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, 2-butanol, 3-methyl-butanal,phenol and m-cresol. In the first experiment, Tl(with canola seed) produced higher concentration of methyl mercaptan(P 0.05) and lower diacetyl(P 0.01) than T2. In the second experiment, methyl mercaptan emission was higher in SBM group(P = 0.01) and total elemental sulfur were higher in SBM and CM groups up to day 24(P 0.01). Results of these experiments indicated a direct link between diet and odour emissions from meat chickens.     

Increasing the amount of n-3 fatty acid in meat from young Holstein bulls through nutrition

Fifty-four Holstein bulls were blocked by initial BW (301 +/- 7.4 kg) and randomly assigned to 6 treatments following a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, with 3 concentrate lipid levels (5, 8, and 11% of DM) and 2 lipid sources (whole canola seed and whole linseed), with the objective of evaluating the possibility of increasing the content of n-3 fatty acids in meat. Concentrates (mostly corn meal) were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Concentrate and straw were both fed ad libitum. Animal BW was recorded every 2 wk, and feed consumption was recorded weekly. Ruminal pH and VFA concentrations were determined monthly. Bulls were transported to the slaughterhouse when they achieved the target slaughter weight of 443 kg (after 105 +/- 4 d of fattening). After slaughter, a sample of LM from the sixth to the eighth ribs was dissected and analyzed for intramuscular fat content and fatty acid profile. Dietary lipid source did not affect overall animal performance, rumen fermentation, or carcass quality. Rumen pH was >6.0 despite consumption by the bulls of large amounts of concentrate. In bulls fed linseed, the percentage of n-3 fatty acids in LM increased linearly with lipid level, whereas in bulls fed canola seed it remained constant. The ratio of n-6:n-3 fatty acids was lower (P < 0.01) in the LM of bulls fed linseed (10.0) than in those fed canola seed (26.0). The content of cis-9, trans-11-CLA in the LM tended (P = 0.06) to be greater in the bulls fed linseed than in those fed canola seed (62.9 vs. 49.2 mg/kg of LM, respectively). Concentration of n-3 fatty acids in meat of bulls fed high-concentrate diets can be enhanced by whole linseed supplementation without affecting animal performance, ruminal fermentation, or carcass quality.     

Effects of canola seed supplementation on intake, digestion, duodenal protein supply, and microbial efficiency in steers fed forage-based diets

Fourteen Holstein steers (446 +/- 4.4 kg of initial BW) with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate effects of whole or ground canola seed (23.3% CP and 39.6% ether extract; DM basis) on intake, digestion, duodenal protein supply, and microbial efficiency in steers fed low-quality hay. Our hypothesis was that processing would be necessary to optimize canola use in diets based on low-quality forage. The basal diet consisted of ad libitum access to switchgrass hay (5.8% CP; DM basis) offered at 0700 daily. Treatments consisted of hay only (control), hay plus whole canola (8% of dietary DM), or hay plus ground canola (8% of dietary DM). Supplemental canola was provided based on the hay intake of the previous day. Steers were adapted to diets for 14 d followed by a 7-d collection period. Total DMI, OM intake, and OM digestibility were not affected (P > or = 0.31) by treatment. Similarly, no differences (P > or = 0.62) were observed for NDF or ADF total tract digestion. Bacterial OM at the duodenum increased (P = 0.01) with canola-containing diets compared with the control diet and increased (P = 0.08) in steers consuming ground canola compared with whole canola. Apparent and true ruminal CP digestibilities were increased (P = 0.01) with canola supplementation compared with the control diet. Canola supplementation decreased ruminal pH (P = 0.03) compared with the control diet. The molar proportion of acetate in the rumen tended (P = 0.10) to decrease with canola supplementation. The molar proportion of acetate in ruminal fluid decreased (P = 0.01), and the proportion of propionate increased (P = 0.01), with ground canola compared with whole canola. In situ disappearance rate of hay DM, NDF, and ADF were not altered by treatment (P > or = 0.32). In situ disappearance rate of canola DM, NDF, and ADF increased (P = 0.01) for ground canola compared with whole canola. Similarly, ground canola had greater (P = 0.01) soluble CP fraction and CP disappearance rate compared with whole canola. No treatment effects were observed for ruminal fill, fluid dilution rate, or microbial efficiency (P > or = 0.60). The results suggest that canola processing enhanced in situ degradation but had minimal effects on ruminal or total tract digestibility in low-quality, forage-based diets.     

整粒油籽对舍饲成年母羊肉品质和生产性能的影响

日粮中分别添加相当于40 g粗脂肪的油菜籽Brassica napus、油葵籽Helianthus annuus 、红花籽Carthamus tinctorius和亚麻籽Linum usitatissimum,饲喂成年母羊35 d,结果表明:添加上述油料籽实对绵羊的胴体品质和肉质特性没有不良影响;从生产性能和经济效益考虑,添加油菜籽效果较好,其次为胡麻籽,而添加红花籽效益最差.     

用杂粕代替部分豆粕配制日粮对蛋种鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响

试验研究了氨基酸平衡的低蛋白质和杂粕日粮对蛋种鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质的影响,结果表明:当棉籽粕、菜籽粕、棉菜粕分别代替5.5%、5%、10%的豆粕时,对蛋鸡产蛋率、日产蛋重和料蛋比无显著影响,也不影响蛋的品质(P>0.05),同时每产1kg蛋消耗的饲料成本玉米-棉粕和玉米-棉菜粕组,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);但当日粮粗蛋白质水平降低2个百分点时,蛋种鸡的日平均产蛋重显著低于正常蛋白质水平的玉米-豆粕日粮(P<0.05),而与正常蛋白质水平的杂粕日粮相比,差异不显著(P>0.05)。