一例猫卵巢恶性颗粒细胞瘤的病理学分析

本文报道猫伴发腹腔种植性转移的卵巢恶性颗粒细胞瘤1例,较为罕见,国内外文献未见报道。1例15岁雌性家猫,因不食和腹围增大就诊。超声检查显示,左肾尾侧可见一大小约4.27 cm×2.63 cm的肿物。开腹探查,可见大网膜、肠壁及胃壁弥散性分布大量大小不等的球形肿物,左侧卵巢明显增大,表面形成坚实或柔软的结节。对肿物进行组织病理学检查,诊断为卵巢恶性颗粒细胞瘤。本文提供该病例临床和组织病理学资料,并回顾相关文献资料,希望对该肿瘤的诊疗和研究提供帮助。     

Interstitial cell tumor and Sertoli cell tumor in the testis of a cat

Testicular tumors are rarely reported in cats. We describe a case of interstitial cell tumor and Sertoli cell tumor in a cat that developed aggressive behavior and inappropriate urination 7 years after it was obtained from a shelter as an allegedly castrated 2 year old. At physical examination, the urine odor and the presence of penile papillae implied testosterone production. Testes were not palpable, but the left testis was found in the scrotum by surgical exploration and was mostly replaced by the 2 tumors. The interstitial cell tumor, but not the Sertoli cell tumor, was immunohistochemically positive for Melan-A, consistent with steroid production. Behavior improved after excision of the testis and penile papillae began to regress, but the cat was euthanatized 3 1/2 months after castration at the owner's request. Neither tumor had metastasized. The right testis was never found and was presumed to have been removed during the reported castration procedure.     

Cranial teratomas in two domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus).

Teratomas are rare tumors in domestic fowl, and none have been reported in the cranial area of ducks. Clinical signs and gross and microscopic findings associated with a cranial teratoma in two domestic ducks are reported. One tumor arose within the cranial vault and was associated with neurologic signs. The other tumor was subcutaneous and invaded the parietal bone but did not extend into the brain. Both tumors were tridermic.     

CONGENITAL FACIAL INFILTRATIVE LIPOMA IN A CALF

The clinical and pathologic findings related to an infiltrative facial lipoma in a 5-month-old female Holstein Friesian calf are reported. The tumor was congenital, increased in size with time, and deformed the left side of the face and cranial bones. The clinical condition of the calf was good; the only detectable abnormalities were poor weight gain and decreased motility of the left upper lip. Clinical and radiologic data indicated the mass was not removable. Muscle and lymph node invasion by tumor tissue were detected histologically. Infiltrative lipoma is a rare variety of lipoma that has been reported in dogs, cats, horses, and humans. Although its cytologic characteristics are those of a benign tumor, in this patient the invasiveness of the neoplasm was associated with poor prognosis.     

Cytogenetic observations on the canine venereal tumor in long-term culture

Cytogenetic observations are reported on five canine venereal tumor tissue culture cell lines maintained over periods of 13 to 30 months. In all instances, a karyotype was observed that is strikingly similar to those reported elsewhere for spontaneous or transplanted venereal tumors. The modal number in all lines was close to 59, containing 17 to 19 abnormal metacentric chromosomes. Three of the metacentric chromosomes were identified as markers. Assays for oncogenic properties were undertake in heterologous and homologous hosts. Attempts to induce tumor formation in homologous hosts using the cultured venereal tumor cell were uniformly unsuccessful.     

Clinicopathologic and electron microscopic study of cutaneous neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma in a cat with comparisons to human and canine tumors

Malignant neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin (Merkel cell tumor) was diagnosed in an 18-year-old spayed female Maine Coon Cat. The diagnosis was made on the basis of morphologic and electron microscopic findings. The cat was euthanatized 321 days after surgical excision of the tumor. The tumor's malignancy contrasted with the benign nature of Merkel cell tumors reported in dogs and was consistent with the malignancy of Merkel cell tumors reported in humans.     

Ovariectomy as treatment for granulosa cell tumor in a heifer

A granulosa cell tumor in a 15-month-old heifer was associated with abnormal udder development, relaxation of the pelvic ligaments, and nymphomanic behavior. After surgical removal of the tumor, the anatomic changes were reversed, and the nymphomanic behavior subsided. The heifer conceived 3 times thereafter and became a productive dairy cow. In previously reported cases of granulosa cell tumor, ovariectomy was unsuccessful in returning the cow to normal breeding.     

Intrarenal pelvic nephroblastoma in a meerkat (Suricata suricatta).

Nephroblastoma is the most common primary renal tumor in children and has also been reported in domestic and nondomestic animal species. Intrapelvic renal nephroblastoma is a rare variant of this tumor type in human patients. Postmortem examination of a captive meerkat (Suricata suricatta), which was found dead, revealed enlargement of the pelvis of the left kidney by a tumor mass. Gross, histological, and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with a diagnosis of triphasic intrapelvic renal nephroblastoma. This is the first reported spontaneous case of intrapelvic renal nephroblastoma in a nonhuman species.     

Primary pulmonary neoplasm in a horse.

A 16-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was evaluated for respiratory disease and found to have a primary lung tumor on postmortem examination. A tentative antemortem diagnosis was made on the basis of results of radiography and cytologic examination of a needle aspirate guided by ultrasonography. A histologic diagnosis of bronchioalveolar adenocarcinoma was made. Thoracic neoplasia is rare in horses. The most frequently reported primary pulmonary tumor is the granular cell tumor.     

Intraocular peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a dog

A tumor within the right globe in a 9-year-old Shetland sheepdog was examined pathologically. The tumor was composed of spindle or oval cells arranged in interwoven bundles with intervening collagenous or mucinous matrices. Immunohistochemically, the tumor bound antibody directed to S-100 protein and vimentin, but not to desmin, actin smooth muscle, or neurofilament. Electron microscopy revealed that the tumor cells had poorly developed cytoplasmic processes, desmosomes between closely contiguous cells, and a discontinuous basement membrane-like material. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as a peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) histologically. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of intraocular PNST in dogs.     

A malar granular cell tumor in a djungarian hamster

'Granular cell' tumor observed in the malar subcutis of a Djungarian hamster was examined to determine its cellular origin. Histologically, the tumor consisted of a solid growth of oval or spindle-shaped large cells with abundant cytoplasm filled with eosinophilic granules that were periodic acid-Schiff-positive and diastase-resistant. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive to anti-vimentin and anti-desmin antibodies and a few cells showed positivity to anti-actin antibody as well. They did not react to myoglobin, S-100 protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Electron microscopic studies revealed that the tumor cells had pinocytotic vesicles, dense plaque and microfilaments. The first granular cell variant of myogenic tumor reported here in Djungarian hamsters was differentiated from granular cell tumor of Schwann cell origin.     

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in a Wistar Hannover GALAS Rat

There are no reported spontaneous cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and there are few reports about chemically-induced PDAC in rats. We encountered a PDAC in a Wistar Hannover GALAS rat that had been subjected to a medium-term multiorgan carcinogenicity bioassay. This article describes the histological and histochemical findings of the tumor. The tumor was located in the pancreatic tissue and had not invaded the liver parenchyma or the mucosal layer of the alimentary tract. The tumor cells were atypical and were mainly arranged in small tubules. In addition, abundant stroma and mucus production were observed in the tumor. In an immunohistochemical examination, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, Sox9 and pancreas duodenum homeobox 1 and negative for amylase 2A and insulin. Therefore, the tumor was diagnosed as a PDAC based on its histological and histochemical findings. We considered that the tumor was caused by the carcinogens administered during the abovementioned bioassay.     

Zygomatic gland adenoma in a dog: histochemical and immunohistochemical evaluation

Orbital epithelial tumors in dogs are rare and most frequently malignant. Distinguishing their origin from the lacrimal or zygomatic gland is often challenging and is based mostly on tumor location. A case of adenoma involving the orbit in a 13-year-old, female, standard Schnauzer is reported. Histologically, the neoplasm was characterized by nests and cords of epithelial cells mostly forming small glandular structures. The origin of the tumor from the zygomatic gland was determined by histochemical characteristics (alcian blue pH 1 positive staining) of a small remnant of normal gland included within the tumor capsule. The benign nature of our finding was confirmed by follow-up information: 2 years after complete surgical removal of the mass no tumor recurrence or metastases was recorded.     

Swim bladder tumor in the young adult scoliotic medaka (Oryzias latipes)

A swim bladder tumor was detected in one scoliotic medaka aged 22 weeks. The tumor was located in the dorsal abdominal cavity, with maximum dimension of 1,850 × 1,500 µm. No swim bladder lumen was identified, and the region where the swim bladder lumen would have been located, was replaced with adipose tissues. The tumor was a non-invasive, expansile, and encapsulated solid mass with a few cysts, and comprised a homogenous population of well-differentiated, densely packed, gas glandular epithelium-like cells. The tumor mass was connected to a rete mirabile that showed a hyperplastic capillary plexus; however, the tumor cells did not invade the rete mirabile, thereby revealing that the tumor was an adenoma originating from the gas glandular epithelium of the swim bladder. Since proliferative lesions in the swim bladder have been reported in some teleosts with skeletal deformations, including medaka, the occurrence of a spontaneous swim bladder tumor in teleosts is considered to be closely associated with various types of skeletal deformation, and spinal curvature in particular.     

Hepatic biliary adenofibroma: a hitherto unrecognized tumor in equines. Report of a case

Hepatic biliary cystadenoma is a well-delineated neoplasm in some domestic animals, especially in cats, but it has not been reported in equines. We report on a case of hepatic biliary tumor, incidentally found in a 10-year-old horse, with gross and microscopic features similar to those observed in biliary adenofibroma of humans. The tumor presented as a solid mass measuring 16 cm in diameter and histologically was composed of complex tubulocystic biliary components embedded in an abundant fibrotic stroma. We regarded this tumor as a morphological variant of biliary cystadenoma of domestic animals. Differential diagnoses from other hepatic biliary tumor-like and tumor lesions are provided.     

Endocardial ossifying myxoma of the right atrium in a cat

Primary cardiac neoplasms are rare in humans and animals. In humans, the most common primary cardiac tumor is the myxoma, which is frequently found in the left atrium. Cardiac myxoma has been reported in the dog but not in the cat. We describe the gross, immunohistochemical, and light microscopic examination of a myxoma in the right atrium of a 6-year-old domestic shorthair cat. Histologically, the tumor consisted predominantly of mesenchymal cells with several foci of bone and cartilage present. The tumor was encapsulated and benign.     

Uterine malignant mixed Müllerian tumor (Metaplasic carcinoma) in the cat: clinicopathologic features and proliferation indices

A homologous malignant mixed Müllerian tumor of the uterus occurring in an 8-year-old Persian cat was described with regard to its clinical and pathologic features. A polypoid multinodular mass of the right uterine horn was shown by an ultrasound examination. Grossly, the right uterine horn was enlarged because of a vegetative and infiltrating tumor, grayish-white in color, that penetrated the uterine wall to the level of the perimetrium. Many metastatic nodules were found in abdominal and thoracic cavities. Histologically, the neoplasm had both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components and was diagnosed as an uterine malignant mixed Müllerian tumor. This is the fourth case reported in cats. The histologic features and proliferation rate of this tumor were similar to the corresponding human neoplasms, which occur mainly in postmenopausal women. The possible hormone dependence of the tumor is briefly discussed.     

Renal adenocarcinoma in a ferret

A spontaneous case of renal tumor was observed in a 7-year-old ovariectomized female pet ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Clinical signs included exhaustion, emaciation, anorexia, and stooping position. At necropsy, a solid and cystic mass replaced the left kidney and adrenal gland. The tumor was composed of pleomorphic epithelial cells with a large number of giant cells. Metastases were recognized in the lung, liver, greater omentum, right renal pelvis, and systemic lymph nodes. Immunohistochemical stains revealed that the tumor cells were positive for CD10, cytokeratin (CAM 5.2), and Ki-67 (MIB-1). On the basis of morphologic and immunohistochemical features, the tumor was diagnosed as a pleomorphic renal adenocarcinoma. This type of neoplasm is very rare in all species and has never been reported in a ferret.     

Primary jejunal osteosarcoma associated with a surgical sponge in a dog

Primary jejunal osteosarcoma was diagnosed in association with a surgical sponge in a dog. The tumor was biologically aggressive, resulting in widespread metastasis throughout the abdomen within 2 months of surgical resection. Microscopic examination of the resected osteosarcoma revealed strands of gauze material throughout the tumor mass. It was theorized that the presence of a sponge foreign body may have resulted in malignant transformation of adjacent tissues similar to what has been reported to occur after internal fixation of some long-bone fractures.     

Primary spinal cord lymphosarcoma in a dog

Primary lymphosarcoma of the spinal cord has been infrequently reported. This tumor was classified as intramedullary, the least common type of spinal cord tumor. The dog had rapid onset of paresis and paralysis, with no sign of spinal pain.