Analysis on Volatile Components of Turkey Figs Grown in Different Production Areas by HS-SPME-GC-MS

[Objective]To analyze the volatile components of turkey figs grown in different production areas. [Methods]The volatile components were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS,and their relative percentage contents were calculated by peak area normalization method. Data were analyzed by principal component analysis( PCA) and cluster analysis( HCA). [Results] A total of 61 volatile components were identified from the 12 batches of turkey figs. Among them,anethol,linalool oxide and benzoic aldehyde had relatively high contents. And their contents were the maximum in figs grown in Artux City in Xinjiang. [Conclusions]The volatile components in turkey figs of different production areas were detected rapidly by HS-SPME-GC-MS; and turkey figs grown in different production areas could be distinguished effectively by PCA and HCA.     

Comparative Analysis of the Volatile Components from RADIX ADENOPHORAE Grown in Different Areas by SPME-GC-MS

[Objective] To establish a rapid analysis method for volatile components in RADIX ADENOPHORAE,to analyze and compare the differences of RADIX ADENOPHORAE in different production areas,and to obtain the characteristic distribution of volatile components and the rapid information identification mode of production areas. [Methods] Volatile components were extracted from RADIX ADENOPHORAE by solid phase microextraction( SPME),and were analyzed by GC-MS. The relative content of each component was calculated by peak area normalization method; and statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS 18. 0 software based on principal component analysis( PCA) and cluster analysis( CA). [Results] A total of 41 chemical components of RADIX ADENOPHORAE were identified from RADIX ADENOPHORAE grown in different areas,mainly including aldehydes,terpenes,organic acids and alcohols. Among them,isovaleraldehyde,hexanal,α-pinene and caprylic aldehyde were common volatile components in RADIX ADENOPHORAE. Besides,RADIX ADENOPHORAE grown in Shennongjia and Jiangsu had abundant terpenoids. [Conclusions]The established method was simple and was suitable for the rapid identification and analysis of RADIX ADENOPHORAE. PCA and CA could effectively distinguish RADIX ADENOPHORAE grown in different areas. The production areas were divided into five categories by cluster analysis. Research results provided references for the variety comparison and quality control of RADIX ADENOPHORAE.     

建兰花香成分的GC-MS分析

研究建兰花香成分,为中国兰花花香成分的分析提供依据。以建兰品种‘小桃红’为试材,采用SPME/GC-MS联用技术分析‘小桃红’花香成分。通过正交试验设计,运用极差分析,结果得到‘小桃红’样品前处理优化条件是鲜重为0.6 g,萃取时间为60 min,手柄刻度为4 cm,解吸温度为250℃;将正交试验样品前处理优化条件运用于花香成分分析中,共鉴定出挥发性成分35种,占总百分含量的99.499%,其中,酯类物质含量最多,达到83.155%,是建兰品种‘小桃红’的主要香气成分,其次为醇类,占10.710%;烷类占1.944%;萜烯类占1.713%;酸类占1.659%;酮类占0.319%。结果表明建兰主要花香成分为茉莉酸甲酯（21.563%）、茉莉酮酸甲酯（19.628%）和金合欢醇（10.710%）。     

Analysis of Volatile Components in Coffee Beans from Different Production Areas by HS-SPME-GC/MS

[Objective] To provide references for the quality evaluation of coffee beans in different production areas.[Methods] Volatile components in coffee beans from different production areas were analyzed by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction( HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC/MS).The relative contents of volatile components were calculated by peak area normalization method,and processed by stoichiometry.[Results] A total of 97 chemical components were preliminarily identified.There were certain differences in the volatile components in coffee beans from different production areas.Coffee beans from three production areas( Brazil,Columbia and Indonesia)were analyzed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis.[Conclusions] This method was suitable for the rapid analysis of volatile components in coffee beans,which could be used for the quality evaluation of coffee beans.     

顶空固相微萃取结合GC-MS对大豆油香气成分分析

采用顶空固相微萃取(Headspace solid phase microextraction,HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)对大豆油香气进行分析。检测出大豆油特征性香气成分共55种,包括12种醛类、3种醇类、6种酯类、4种烯类、12种烷烃类、6种酮类、6种酸类、1种杂环类及其他5种物质,其中醛类物质是大豆油的主要香气成分。     

绿芦笋茶挥发性风味成分的GC-MS分析

以绿芦笋根茎为原料,制得绿芦笋绿茶和发酵茶,利用GC-MS对芦笋茶的挥发性风味成分进行了解析,按峰面积归一化法计算各成分的含量。绿芦笋绿茶分离鉴定出22种香气成分,主要包括:醛类(74.56%)、酮类(9.16%)、醇类(8.19%)、吡喃类(3.90%)、萘类(1.82%)、酯类(1.54%)、酚类(0.83%)化合物。绿芦笋发酵茶鉴定出23种香气成分,主要包括:醛类(74.37%)、酮类(16.87%)、醇类(5.51%)、酚类(1.34%)、酯类(0.79%)、羧酸类(1.12%)化合物。醛类化合物是芦笋茶的主体香气成分。     

顶空固相微萃取在猕猴桃酒香气成分测定中的应用

利用固相微萃取和气相色谱、质谱联用技术,对猕猴桃果酒中的香气成分进行分析,研究了萃取温度、萃取时间、加电解质的量对猕猴桃果酒香气物质萃取的影响,优化了提取条件,建立了快速测定猕猴桃酒中香气物质的方法。结果表明,最佳萃取温度为40℃,最佳萃取时间为40min,最佳加盐量为0.3g/mL。     

4种香花型石斛花朵挥发性成分GC-MS分析

旨在利用固相微萃取方法结合气相色谱-质谱联用仪(SPME/GC-MS),对香花型石斛花朵挥发性成分进行分析,为云南省香花型石斛兰种质资源筛选、新品种培育和石斛花精油产品的开发提供参考.通过SPME/GC-MS方法,对兜唇石斛、金钗石斛、铁皮石斛和美花石斛4种香花型石斛盛花期花朵的挥发性成分进行测定和分析.从4种石斛花朵...     

湖南不同生态区烤烟主要化学成分比较

采集了湖南省3个生态区宁乡县、宁远县、桑植县的B2F、C3F、X2F三个等级烤烟样本54个,测定了烟叶总糖、还原糖、烟碱、总氮、钾、氯含量,比较了其生态区域差异。结果表明：总糖和还原糖含量表现为宁远县＞宁乡县＞桑植县,总植物碱含量表现为桑植县＞宁乡县＞宁远县,总氮含量表现为桑植县＞宁远县＞宁乡县,氯含量表现为宁远县＞宁乡县＞桑植县,钾含量表现为宁乡县＞宁远县＞桑植县;总糖、还原糖、总植物碱、氯、钾含量生态区间差异显著,主要表现为湘南烟区与湘西北烟区差异大,湘中烟区与湘南烟区化学成分较接近。     

凤凰县山地烟叶化学成分年度变化

为探讨凤凰县烤烟化学成分的稳定性和年度变化趋势,以凤凰县7年的B2F、C3F、X2F 3个等级烟叶为试验材料,采用方差分析和回归分析方法对其化学成分年度变化规律进行研究。结果表明：（1）凤凰县烟叶钾和氯的年度稳定性最差,总氮稳定性最好;（2）除B2F等级的总糖和还原糖外,不同年份间烟叶化学成分差异达极显著水平;（3）烟叶总糖、还原糖年度间变化呈升高趋势;烟碱、总氮、钾、氯年度间变化呈下降趋势。     

Detection of Volatile Components in Leaves and Bark of Picrasma quassioides by GC-MS

[Objectives]This study aimed to analyze the volatile oil components of the leaves and bark of Picrasma quassioides.[Methods]The volatile oils in the leaves and bark of P.quassioides were extracted using steam distillation(SD)method and identified with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Based on the mass spectrum database(NiST08),combined with artificial spectrum analysis,referring to relevant literature,the base peak and relative abundance were compared to identify the volatile components of the leaves and bark.The relative content of each component was determined by peak area normalization method.[Results]A total of 24 and 23 chemical components were identified in the leaves and bark of P.quassioides,respectively,including 11 common components.[Conclusions]Leaf and bark are different tissues.They contain different volatile chemical components,of which the contents vary greatly.They should be treated differently in the further research and development of P.quassioides resources.     

不同热力杀菌方式对番木瓜果汁挥发性香气成分的影响

以海南"Dwarf solo"番木瓜原果汁及经巴氏灭菌、超高温瞬时灭菌(UHT)处理后的果汁为原材料,应用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用技术测定、分析其挥发性香气成分。结果表明,三种果汁检测到香气物质种类分别为38种、47种、39种,总含量分别为3 486.01、3 403.61、4 072.05μg/L。原果汁中异硫氰酸苄酯含量最高,达1 552.2μg/L。经过巴氏灭菌的果汁中具有陈腐味的L-α-松油醇含量升高了约100倍,癸酸由2.38μg/L增加到85.49μg/L,此外还新产生不良嗅感的辛酸、苯乙醛。经过UHT灭菌的果汁挥发性成分种类与原果汁相比变化较小,具有苦杏仁味的苯甲醛含量增加了近440μg/L。巴氏灭菌对番木瓜果汁挥发性成分破坏较大,UHT灭菌能较好的保持果汁原有风味。     

不同地区种植的‘张杂谷6号’营养成分差异分析

为了探究优质谷子生产区域,立足指导区域生产工作,以‘张杂谷6号’为材料,采用规范化标准实验法将其种植于宁夏固原、内蒙古赤峰、甘肃秦安、河北张家口4个春谷区域,并用营养检测国标法对其样品的营养物质进行测定与分析,研究各营养成分差异的原因及品质。结果表明,‘张杂谷6号’的蛋白质、脂肪、水分、灰分、粗纤维、矿物质、碳水化合物含量皆因地区气候、土壤等差异而呈现显著差异(P<0.05)。与其他谷物比较研究结果表明,‘张杂谷6号’矿物质含量普遍高于玉米、小麦、大米,其中以铁(8.11 mg/100 g)、镁(111.41 mg/100 g)、硒(0.10 mg/100 g)、锌(2.87 mg/100 g)含量最为丰富。‘张杂谷6号’营养较丰富,各营养成分因种植区域等差异而呈现显著差异,其中内蒙古赤峰、宁夏固原地区作为区域定位较适宜其种植及品种推广。     

香荚兰籽中挥发性成分分析

采用固相微萃取-气质色谱-质谱联用技术,以萃取挥发性成分种类数和萃取量Y值大小作为衡量萃取效果指标优化萃取条件,测定分析香荚兰籽中挥发性成分的组成,通过峰面积归一化法计算各挥发性成分的相对含量,并结合测定相关物质的保留指数(Retention index,RI)值进行定性分析。结果表明,利用75μm碳分子筛/聚二甲基硅氧烷萃取纤维头,样品量1.0 g,萃取温度80℃,萃取时间20 min,解析时间8 min时,萃取效果最佳,香荚兰籽中含有48种挥发性成分,相对含量为90.44%。其主要挥发性成分为香草醛、邻甲氧基苯酚、苯酚和呋喃甲醛,相对含量分别为80.22%、1.61%、1.23%和1.00%。     

不同产地绿茶主要成分含量及质量指标的差异分析

为了客观地评价不同主产地绿茶品质的差异性,统计分析了四川、湖北、福建的16个绿茶样品的茶多酚、茶多糖、茶氨酸、灰分、水分、重金属、农药残留含量的差异。结果表明,四川产绿茶的茶氨酸含量显著高于湖北,3个省份的茶多酚、茶多糖含量差异不显著;茶多酚、茶多糖、茶氨酸含量最高的产地分别为宜宾市、峨眉山市、眉山市(编号3)。湖北产绿茶的灰分含量显著高于四川和福建,水分含量显著低于四川;不同主产地绿茶的重金属含量和农药残留量均符合食品安全国家标准。研究结果将为绿茶原料的产地选择、品质评价等提供技术依据。     

不同产地烤烟特征香气物质的研究

为了解不同产地烟叶特征香气物质含量的差异,采用GC/MS测定方法,对国内8个烤烟产地初烤烟叶样品的6类烟叶致香物质的含量进行检测,并对检测数据进行方差分析。结果表明：（1）不同产地烤烟中性致香物质的含量有一定的差异,烤烟香型相同的产地之间,其特征香气物质的含量没有明显的趋同性,但还是有规律可循。（2）清香型烤烟产地的烟叶表面分泌物降解产物、醇类香气物及其他香气物的含量高于浓香型和中间型烤烟产地的烟叶。（3）烟叶表面分泌物降解产物、醛类香气物及叶绿素降解物的含量,以清香型烤烟产地的威宁为最高,6类致香物质中威宁有3种含量为最高值,居8个产区之首。     

信阳毛尖茶叶挥发性成分GC/MS分析

采用SDE蒸馏萃取方法提取信阳毛尖茶叶的挥发性成分,用气质联用仪及SE-54和强极性BPX70毛细色谱管柱进行分离分析比较,中等极性SE-54毛细色谱管柱分离效果较好,春茶挥发性成分中共分离并鉴定出47个峰;夏茶挥发性成分中共分离并鉴定出64个峰。对比夏茶与春茶在香气成分上的差异,综合评价春茶的香气品质优于夏茶。     

江苏富士苹果香气特点分析

采用固相微萃取与气相色谱质谱联机对江苏富士苹果的香气成分进行了分析,并与市售陕西富士苹果进行了比较。结果显示：两地苹果的挥发性成分均以酯类成分含量最高,其次为醇类、醛类、酸类、烯类。检测到的33种成分中,江苏富士苹果有21种成分含量显著低于陕西富士苹果（P＜0.05）,但是表征青草香气的反-2-己烯醛与顺-3-己烯-1-醇的含量显著高于陕西富士苹果（P＜0.05）,说明青苹果香气较强可能为江苏富士苹果的特点。     

泡姜精油成分GC-MS分析

为研究泡姜精油的成分及含量,采用蒸馏法提取泡姜和生姜精油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分别对泡姜和生姜精油成分进行分析比较。结果表明,检测出泡姜精油的主要挥发性成分45种,泡姜特有成分13种,相对含量较高的有桉油精、松油醇、β-人参烯、α-榄香烯等;泡姜与生姜精油共有成分32种,相对含量比较高的共有成分为：姜烯、β-甜没药烯、姜黄烯、γ-依兰油烯、柠檬醛、香叶醛。本研究确定了泡姜精油中的主要化合物组成,为评价泡姜口感及研究泡姜功能用途提供了理论依据。