普洱茶对酒精性脂肪肝的预防作用研究

为探讨普洱茶（熟茶）对酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肝损伤的预防作用,将Wistar大鼠随机分为阴性照组、阳性对照组、KXL药物组以及普洱茶（低、中、高）剂量组。试验大鼠采用液体饲料饲喂,同时给予对应的受试物,60天后测定大鼠血清TG、TC、HDL-C、FFA、AST、ALT、INS水平及肝组织FFA、INS水平。与阳性对照组比较,普洱茶低、中、高剂量组血清TG、TC含量,低、中、高剂量组血清和肝组织INS水平,中、高剂量组血清及肝组织FFA含量,中、高剂量组大鼠血清AST、ALT活性均显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);普洱茶高剂量组血清HDL-C显著上升(P＜0.05)。普洱茶能够有效预防酒精性脂肪肝的发生或发展。     

Protective Effects of Coriolus versciclor Polysaccharides on Liver Injury of Mice Induced by CCl_4

[Objective] To discuss the protective effects of Coriolus versciclor polysaccharides on liver injury of mice induced by CCl4.[Methods]40 male Kunming mice at four moths old were randomly divided into four groups,which were control group,model group,C. versciclor polysaccharides protection group and feeds + C. versciclor polysaccharides group. Mice were fed for 8 d. On 2 h after final administration,intraperitoneal injection of blend oil solution was carried out was carried out in control group. And in other groups,intraperitoneal injection of0. 15% CCl4 blend oil solution( 10 mL / kg) was conducted. After 18 h,eyeballs were collected and serum was isolated. Livers were taken out and the hepatosomatic index was calculated. Liver homogenate was prepared and the ALT and AST were detected,as well as the SOD and NOS activities,and MDA,GSH and NO contents.[Results] Compared with model group,C. versciclor polysaccharides in different administration ways reduced the hepatosomatic index( P 0. 05) and MDA content( P 0. 001),lowered the AST activity in serum( P 0. 05),the NOS activity and the NO content( P 0. 01),and enhanced the SOD activity and GSH content( P 0. 01).[Conclusions] C. versciclor polysaccharides in different administration ways protected the liver injury of mice induced by CCl4.     

Preventive Effects of Vitamin C And Polysaccharides in Dioscrea pposite Thunb. on Cadmium-induced Liver Injury in Mice

[Objective]To investigate the preventive protective effects and its mechanism of vitamin C and polysaccharide in Dioscrea pposite Thunb. on cadmium-induced liver damage in mice. [Methods]50 Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,D. pposite polysaccharides protection group,vitamin C protection group,D. pposite polysaccharides and vitamin C protection group. At the 7th day of feeding,the mice were given saline by gavage,and the mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with 3. 0 mg /kg CdCl2 solution. 24 hours after injection,blood was collected for ALT and AST test. Then,mice were sacrificed and the livers were removed for the calculation of hepatosomatic index(liver weight / body weight). Also,the liver homogenates were prepared for the determination of SOD and GSHPx activities and the of MDA and NO contents. [Results]Compared with the mice in model group,the liver-somatic index,serum ALT,AST activity,and contents of liver MDA and NO reduced,the activities of SOD and GSH-Px,and the content of GSH improved in D. pposite polysaccharides and vitamin C protection group(*P 0. 05,**P 0. 01). Compared with the model grfoup,the protective effects of D. pposite polysaccharides combined with vitamin C strengthened(**P 0. 01). [Conclusions]The combination of D. pposite polysaccharides and vitamin C has preventive protection effects on cadmium-induced liver injury in mice by antagonizing cadmium and /or oxidative stress. The application of D. pposite polysaccharides combined with vitamin C had a synergistic effect.     

金樱子多糖对小鼠急性药物肝损伤的保护作用

为探讨金樱子多糖对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。建立CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤模型,分光光度法检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、丙二醛(MDA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH2Px)的活性。结果表明：高剂量的金樱子多糖可显著降低CCl4所致急性肝损伤小鼠的肝脏指数(P<0.05)和脾脏指数(P<0.01);中、高剂量的金樱子多糖可显著降低CCl4所致急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST、ALP活性(P<0.01)和肝组织MDA含量(P<0.01),提高肝组织ALT、AST、ALP活性(P<0.01)和GSH-Px、SOD活性（P<0.01或P<0.05）,并增加GSH的含量(P<0.01)。金樱子多糖对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

The Antioxidation of Proanthocyanidins from in Rhodiola rosea L.

[Objective]To discuss the antioxidation of proanthocyanidins( OPCRR) in Rhodiola rosea L. [Methods]By establishing peroxide injury model of ICR mice induced by D-gal,intragastric administration of mice was carried out for continuous 49 d. Then,80,160 and 320( BW) mg/kg OPCRR were added into low-,middle- and high-dosage groups,respectively. The SOD,GSH,GSH-Px and MDA in serum,heart,liver and brain tissues and the MAO in liver and brain tissues were investigated. [Results] Compared with model control group,OPCRR at certain dosage could significantly enhance the SOD and GSH-Px activities of mice serum,heat,liver and brain tissues,and obviously reduced the MDA content. And high-dosage group was the most prominent. In high-dosage group,SOD activities of serum,heart,liver and brain tissues enhanced by 29. 5%,28. 1%,62. 7% and 90. 8%,respectively; GSH-Px activities enhanced by 67. 8%,58. 4%,32. 1% and50. 3%,respectively; MDA contents reduced by 19. 2%,30. 0%,33. 3% and 19. 2%. Besides,middle- and high-dosage groups showed extremely significant effects on reducing the brain MAO activity( P 0. 01),which decreased by 22. 3% and 28. 6%,respectively. High-dosage group significantly reduced the liver MAO activity( P 0. 05) by 36. 5%. [Conclusions] OPCRR protected the organism in different degrees,antagonized peroxidation injury induced by D-gal,and prevented from aging.     

葱乙醇提取物对小鼠免疫功能的影响

摘 要：【目的】本研究利用流式细胞术、DTH法和LDH法探讨葱乙醇提取物对小鼠特异性和非特异性免疫的影响,为调节动物免疫状态和改善机体防御能力提供试验依据。【方法】将昆明种小鼠随机分为环磷酰胺组（C）、环磷酰胺+葱乙醇提取物组（C+A）、葱乙醇提取物组（A）和生理盐水组（S）。环磷酰胺皮下注射造成小鼠免疫抑制;C+A 组和A组给小鼠葱乙醇提取物连续灌胃35 d;S组灌服等量生理盐水。观察测定临床症状、免疫器官指数、细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能和非特异性免疫功能。【结果】结果显示,葱乙醇提取物可以提高免疫器官指数;对免疫抑制小鼠的左右耳重量差、CD4+/CD8+值、血清抗体和巨噬细胞吞噬活性都有促进作用,对正常小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬活性和NK细胞活性有促进作用。【结论】结果表明,葱乙醇提取物对小鼠的特异性免疫和非特异性免疫功能具有显著的调节作用。     

酉州乌羊血液生化指标测定及其相关性分析

酉州乌羊于2009年通过国家畜禽遗传资源委员会羊专业委员会审定,正式成为国家级畜禽遗传资源,因其表现为“乌皮乌肉”的特点,受到学术界的高度重视。本研究测定了酉州乌羊12项血液生化指标,旨在从生化特性方面研究该品种的种质特征。结果表明：在不同年龄之间,3~4岁酉州乌羊的血清中TP和GLOB酶活性显著高于3岁以下各年龄阶段(P<0.05),而0~1、1~2、2~3岁各年龄阶段之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。各项生化指标在成年羊性别间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。ALT与AST、ALT与ALB、ALT与TC、ALT与HDL-C、ALT与CK、ALT与LDH、AST与CK、AST与LDH、ALP与TC、TP与GLOB、ALB与A/G、ALB与TC、ALB与HDL-C、TG与HDL-C、TC与HDL-C、TC与LDL-C、HDL-C与LDL-C、CK与LDH之间存在着极显著正相关(P<0.01);ALP与TC、TP与ALB、A/G与LDL-C之间存在着显著正相关(P<0.05);TP与A/G、GLOB与A/G之间存在着极显著负相关(P<0.01);GLOB与LDL-C之间存在着显著负相关(P<0.05)。ALT与酉州乌羊成年母羊体重、体斜长之间存在显著负相关;TG与体斜长之间存在显著负相关;LDL-C与体斜长和胸围之间存在显著负相关。因此,可以用血液生化指标来评价酉州乌羊的健康和营养状况以及为酉州乌羊的选育提供理论参考。     

秋水仙素对北柴胡生长的影响

[目的]以北柴胡新品种川北柴1号为材料,研究秋水仙素处理对柴胡生长的影响.[方法]对北柴胡审定品种川北柴1号采用生长点滴定和浸泡2种处理方法,0.1％～0.5％5个处理浓度,3～5h3个处理时间、1叶期及5叶期2个处理时期进行诱导.[结果]生长点滴定法对柴胡幼苗生长影响不显著.浸泡法中秋水仙素浓度、浸泡时间、处理浓度和浸泡时间协同作用对北柴胡存活率、植株变异率及叶绿素含量有显著影响.此外,赤霉素添加对北柴胡诱导效果及生长发育也有显著影响.[结论]本研究对创制柴胡新材料具有重要意义.     

The Acute Toxicity and Subchronic Toxicity Test of Zhuqin Extract

[Objective] To investigate the safety of compound Zhuqin extract.[Methods]In acute toxicity test,mice in test group were given compound Zhuqin extract( i. g.) by gavage,the dosage of which was 0. 8,0. 6,0. 45,0. 35 g /20 g,to determine the median lethal dose of compound Zhuqin extract( LD50). In maximum tolerance experiment,mice in test group were given compound Zhuqin extract( i. g.) by gavage,the dosage of which was 0. 5 g /20 g,to determine the maximum tolerance dose( MTD); In the sub- chronic toxicity test,rats in test group were given compound Zhuqin extract( i. g.) by gavage for 30 d,the dosage of which was 2. 0,1. 5,1. 0 g /200 g,and normal saline negative control group was set. Clinic condition of rat was observed everyday,hematology,blood biochemistry,anatomy,organ index and organization pathological observation were conducted after test.[Results]The acute toxicity test failed to detect median lethal dose of compound Zhuqin extract; the weight differences were not significant( P 0. 05); some blood biochemical criterion and blood routine index had significant differences( 0. 01 P 0. 05),and some indexes had extremely differences( P 0. 01); organ index,necropsy and histopathology had abnormalities.[Conclusions] Compound Zhuqin extract was safe and reliable.     

3种中药复方提取液对肉鸡生理、免疫指标的影响

为探讨复方中药提取液对肉鸡生理机能的影响,验证中药改善肉鸡生产性能的功效,研究以党参、黄芪、六神曲、麦芽、山楂等组方,设计3个中药复方(方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ和方Ⅲ),水提后浓缩,1日龄开始混饮健康肉鸡(0.5%),并进行免疫器官指数、血清蛋白、血清酶、新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)血清抗体滴度、白介素2(Interleukin-2,IL-2)、白介素3(Interleukin-3,IL-3)及平均日增重、料肉比、死亡率测定。结果显示,3个复方中药提取液对肉鸡免疫器官发育、血清蛋白及天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量没有影响(P0.05),方Ⅱ组肉鸡21、28日龄血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)含量显著高于对照(P0.05);试验鸡21日龄时,3个复方中药组NDV抗体滴度显著高于对照(P0.05),28日龄时方Ⅰ组抗体滴度极显著高于对照(P0.01),方Ⅲ组抗体滴度显著高于对照(P0.05);方Ⅰ组IL-2活性在21日龄、28日龄时显著高于对照(P0.05),方Ⅲ组IL-2活性在21日龄时显著高于对照(P0.05),方Ⅰ组IL-3活性在28日龄时显著高于对照(P0.05);试验鸡28日龄时,方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ2组平均日增重高于对照,最高为方Ⅱ组72.72g/天,方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ2组料肉比低于对照,最低为方Ⅱ组2.08;死亡率最低为方Ⅰ组1%。上述结果表明,3个复方中药提取液安全性较高,对肉鸡生理机能均有一定改善作用,其中方Ⅰ在延缓血清抗体滴度降低速度,促进细胞因子分泌方面效果明显,而方Ⅱ在提高肉鸡生产性能方面效果较好。     

饥饿对不同体重组团头鲂肌肉和血清生化成分的影响

在水温20±1℃条件下,研究饥饿对不同体重团头鲂（141.3±4.23g,96.5±2.88g和76.8±3.17g）肌肉和血清生化成分的影响。结果表明各实验组体重均在饥饿14d后出现显著下降（p<0.05）,至28d时平均降幅为18.78%。饥饿过程中肌肉水分和粗灰分含量均逐步上升,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量则持续下降,粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量分别在饥饿14d和21d时出现显著下降（p<0.05）。血清中血糖浓度相比甘油三酯和总胆固醇对饥饿更为敏感,饥饿7d后即出现显著下降（p<0.05）,总胆固醇浓度在饥饿14d后差异尚不显著（p>0.05）,21-28d期间才显著下降（p<0.05）,甘油三酯浓度则在饥饿期间持续显著下降（p<0.05）。上述结果说明饥饿对团头鲂肌肉和血清生化成分的影响显著（p<0.05）,体重差异对上述主要指标的影响不显著（p>0.05）。     

不同剂量环磷酰胺对福建黄兔外周血生化指标的影响

探讨不同剂量环磷酰胺对福建黄兔外周血生化指标的影响,为建立福建黄兔免疫抑制动物模型提供实验参考。选用福建黄兔18只（4月龄）,随机分为对照组和模型组,模型组连续7天分别腹腔注射浓度为20、40、60、80、100 mg/kg的环磷酰胺,第8天采集外周血。不同剂量的环磷酰胺对外周血的电解质（钾、钠、氯、钙、镁、磷、碳酸氢根、阴离子间隙、渗透压）、肌酶（乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶）、血糖（葡萄糖）、血脂（总胆固醇、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B）、肝功能（总胆红素、直接总胆红素、间接总胆红素、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、谷氨酰转肽酶、谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶）、肾功能（尿素氮、肌酐、尿酸）等指标与对照组比较有显著的变化,并呈现剂量依赖关系;而不同剂量的环磷酰胺对黄兔外周血的载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白A1比例（B/A1）、白蛋白/球蛋白比例（A/G）水平没有明显差异。随着环磷酰胺剂量的升高,福建黄兔的肝、肾功能受到严重的影响,表明福建黄兔的生理机能和免疫功能呈逐步下降趋势。     

甘薯糖蛋白对小鼠血脂水平的影响

为了研究甘薯糖蛋白对小鼠血脂水平的影响。先用含8.0%猪油的高脂鼠料诱导小鼠成为高脂血,再将其平均分为四组,一组用普通鼠料饲养作为对照,其他三组分别用含0.5%、1.0%及1.5%甘薯糖蛋白的鼠料饲养,在第15天和第30天对每只小鼠采血,用全自动生化分析仪测定其中的甘油三酯及血清胆固醇的浓度。结果发现用含1.0%甘薯糖蛋白的鼠料饲养15d就能明显降低高脂血模型小鼠血液中的血清总胆固醇水平,继续饲养30d能显著降低其中的甘油三酯水平;如果用含1.5%甘薯糖蛋白的鼠料饲喂,则只需15d就能同时降低两者的水平。因此甘薯糖蛋白具有显著降低高脂血模型小鼠血脂的作用。     

Effects of Water Decoction of Plumbago zeylanica L. on the Proliferation,Apoptosis and Cell Cycle of Rats Hepatic Stellate Cells

[Objective] To observe the effects of water decoction of Plumbago zeylanica Linn.on the proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle of rats hepatic stellate cells,and to discuss the function and mechanism of anti-hepatic fibrosis of P.zeylanica.[Methods] SD rats were given water decoction of P.zeylanica by gavage,so as to obtain medicated serum.Medicated serum was incubated together with hepatic stellate cells( HSC-T6) according to different dosage groups.Blank control group was desgined; and medicated serum groups of colchicine and Compound Biejiaruangan Tablet were taken as the positive control groups.Proliferation of HSC-T6 was detected after incubation by MTT colorimetry; cell apoptosis and the DNA content in each cell phase was detected by flow cytometer.[Results]Inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate: compared with blank control,inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate in medicated serum groups enhanced significantly,showing significant differences( P 0.01).When the dosage of medicated serum was within 5%- 20%,inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate of HSC-T6 enhanced as dosage increased.Inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate in medicated serum group of high dosage were significantly higher than those in colchicine groups,but was equal to those in Compound Biejiaruangan Tablet group.Cell cycle: there were no significant changes in cell percentage in each group at G2/M phase.Compared with blank control group,cell percentages of medicated serum groups of P.zeylanica enhanced significantly at G0/G1 phase,and reduced significantly at S phase,showing significant changes( P 0.01).When the dosage of medicated serum reduced within 20%- 5%,the cell percentage gradually declined at G0/G1 phase,and gradually increased at S phase.Under the same serum concentration,cell percentage of P.zeylanica group enhanced significantly at G0/G1 phase and decreased obviously at S phase compared with that of colchicine group.There were no significant changes in Compound Biejiaruangan Tablet group.[Conclusions] Medicated serum of P.zeylanica could restrict G1/S proliferation and induce its apoptosis,showing a dose-dependent manner.Medicated serum group of P.zeylanica had stronger effects than medicated serum group of colchicine,while had equal effects to the group of Compound Biejiaruangan Tablet.The mechanism of medicated serum of P.zeylanica in inhibiting HSC-T6 proliferation was to block cell cycle at G0/G1 phase,and to prevent it from passing G1/S.     

Effect of MORINDAE OFFICINALIS Extract on the Behavior and Zymology of Senile Dementia Model Rats

[Objective]To study the effect of MORINDAE OFFICINALIS extract on the behavior and zymology of senile dementia rat model. [Methods]Senile dementia rat model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose( 120 mg/kg) and sodium nitrite( 90 mg/kg) for 30 d. 60 rats were divided into 6 groups,normal control group,model group,nimodipine group,high-dosage group of aqueous extract of MORINDAE OFFICINALIS,medium-dosage group of aqueous extract of MORINDAE OFFICINALIS and low-dosage of aqueous extract of MORINDAE OFFICINALIS. The learning and memory ability was measured by rat step-down test. The activities of SOD,MDA and MAO-B were determined. The expression of MAO-B mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. [Results]After intraperitoneal injection of MORINDAE OFFICINALIS extract,the learning and memory abilities of model rats increased. The biochemical criterion of SOD,MDA and MAO-B was improved. The expression level of MAO-B mRNA decreased significantly. [Conclusions] Extract of MORINDAE OFFICINALIS could protect acute aging model rats at certain degree.     

普洱茶（熟茶）不同发酵阶段在制品降血脂效果的比较研究

研究普洱茶(熟茶)不同发酵阶段在制品水提物的降血脂效果。采用脂代谢紊乱模型——预防性给受试物法,观察普洱茶(熟茶)不同发酵阶段在制品水提物对高脂饮食小鼠血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响,以明确普洱茶(熟茶)不同发酵阶段在制品降血脂效果的差异。实验结果表明：普洱茶（熟茶）不同发酵阶段在制品均具有降低高脂饮食小鼠血脂的功能,其降血脂效果具有轻微的差异性,具体表现为不同发酵阶段在制品降低高脂饮食小鼠血脂的下降程度均达到了显著性差异,其中普洱茶（熟茶）一翻混合样、普洱茶（熟茶）二翻混合样的降血脂效果较好。     

益生菌酸马奶粉的制备及其对实验性高脂血症大鼠的影响

通过低温蒸馏和冷冻干燥2种工艺,制备了益生菌酸马奶粉,比较发现前者的益生菌活性高,进一步研究了低温蒸馏法制备的酸马奶粉对实验性高脂血症大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的影响。结果表明,高剂量酸马奶粉能极显著降低高脂血症大鼠血清中TC,TG,LDL-C(p<0.01);低剂量能极显著降低TC(p<0.01),显著降低LDL-C(p<0.05)。     

不同能氮水平日粮对生长期海南黑山羊血液生化指标的影响

试验选用12只生长期海南黑山羊断奶羔羊（约4月龄）分成4组,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以适宜于发展中国家的山羊饲养标准为参考设计了4种能氮比的日粮,分别为日粮1、2、3、4。探讨不同日粮能氮水平对海南黑山羊血液生化指标的影响。结果表明,饲喂日粮2山羊血液中的总蛋白较日粮1、日粮3和日粮4的实验羊显著降低;白蛋白显著降低;尿素含量最高,日粮2与日粮1、日粮3差异不显著,显著高于日粮4;葡萄糖含量,日粮2与日粮3无显著差异,与日粮1、日粮4差异显著;甘油三酯与总胆固醇均成上升趋势,日粮2最低,日粮4最高;谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和球蛋白含量均无显著差异。     

普洱茶（熟茶）降血脂效果及有效部位筛选的研究

研究普洱茶（熟茶）降血脂的功效并寻找其降血脂的有效部位。采用脂代谢紊乱模型——预防性给受试物法,选用系统溶媒（氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇）对普洱茶（熟茶）的水提物进行分层萃取,观察普洱茶（熟茶）茶汤和各提取物对高脂饮食大鼠血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的影响,初步明确普洱茶（熟茶）降血脂的有效活性部位。试验结果表明：普洱茶(熟茶)具有降血脂的作用而且有一定的量效关系,普洱茶降血脂的有效部位是乙酸乙酯萃取层。     

微波辅助提取紫苏多糖及保肝降酶活性的研究

为了探索食材紫苏籽中多糖的提取方法和保肝降酶作用,将紫苏籽粉碎和石油醚脱脂处理后,研究液料比、微波功率和微波辅助提取时间3种因素对多糖提取率的影响,并探索紫苏多糖的保肝降酶作用。结果表明：最佳提取工艺为：液料比25:1、微波提取功率480 W,微波辅助提取时间3 min,提取率达到9.06%;通过降酶活性检测和组织形态观察,确定了紫苏多糖对急性肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT活性和AST活性显著降低作用(P＜0.01),紫苏多糖剂量组小鼠的肝脏外观颜色更鲜艳并富有弹力,肝脏表面的斑点状坏死灶减轻,肝脏系数和脾脏系数也有所降低(P＜0.05)。由此说明,紫苏多糖对于急性肝损伤小鼠具有保肝降酶作用,这一结论为保肝降酶药物的研究与开发提供了重要的借鉴依据。