共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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HaoJie WEI Qian WANG Juan DU Xin LI Nana ZHANG Yan CAO Wei MA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(6):541-548
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牛体外成熟卵母细胞染色体形态学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]为了给牛体细胞克隆和转基因克隆工作提供基础性材料.[方法]在显微镜下,从卵液中捡出卵丘-卵母细胞复合体,置入成熟培养液中进行成熟培养,处理培养不同时期的卵母细胞,所得的去掉卵丘的卵母细胞固定在载玻片上,染色、冲洗、晾干,在显微镜下观察.[结果]表明:成熟培养0 h到4 h大多数卵母细胞处于GV期(97.5%~87.8%),培养6 h以后GVBD发生了卵母细胞数量明显增多(51.6%),成熟培养8 h~12 h处于Pre-MI的卵母细胞逐渐减少(76.7%~43.2%),MI期卵母细胞逐渐增多(13.3%~50.0%).成熟培养16 h有17.8%的卵母细胞处于MII期,大部分细胞仍处于MI期(40.0%)和AI/TI期(42.2%).从16 h~24 h,MII期卵逐渐增多,培养24 h后大多数卵母细胞排出第一极体到达MII期(86.5%).[结论]在减数分裂过程中,染色体也发生了显著的形态变化.第一次减数分裂中期时的染色体清晰可数,进入后期时,分开的两团染色体各自凝集成染色质团,并且一直持续到末期,到达第二次减数分裂中期时又成为清晰可数的染色体状态. 相似文献
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黄顶菊染色体数目及核型分析(简报) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
黄顶菊(Flaveria bidentis(L.)Kuntze)是最近出现在河北省衡水市衡水湖湿地国家级自然保护区、天津市、廊坊等华北地区的一种外来入侵植物,原产南美洲,后扩散到美洲中部和南部,在非洲和欧洲也有部分分布,亚洲的日本也有发现[1]。经有关专家鉴定属于菊科堆心菊族黄顶菊属,为一年生草本,株高150cm左右,茎多汁近肉质。该种植物为蝎尾状聚伞花序,花冠黄色,产种量极高,成熟后种子为2~2.5mm黑色瘦果。高贤明等对其形态特征及生理特征做了详细介绍[2]。 相似文献
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采用外周血淋巴细胞培养方法,对洛阳地区八点黑獭兔的染色体核型与G-带带型进行分析。结果表明:洛阳八点黑獭兔的二倍体染色体数为2n=44,公兔的染色体核型为44,XY;母兔的染色体核型为44,XX。21对常染色体中,1~8号染色体为中着丝粒染色体,9~11号染色体为近中着丝粒染色体,12~17号染色体为近端着丝粒染色体,18~21号染色体为端着丝粒染色体。X染色体为近中着丝粒染色体,Y为最小的端着丝粒染色体。八点黑獭兔的带型基本上与其他家兔品系的染色体带型一致。 相似文献
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陕西延安蒙古牛群体的染色体研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
分析了15头(10♂5♀)蒙古牛的核型,C带、G带和Ag-NORs.结果发现,蒙古牛的核型,C带和G带与普通牛(Bostaurus)相同,其公平核型为60,xy母牛为60,xx.y染色体为一小的中着丝粒染色体,认为蒙古牛为普通牛型黄牛.观察统计了596个细胞的Ag-NORs数目,每细胞平均Ag—NORs数为5.818±0.513,变化范围为3~10个. 相似文献
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山西白羊草染色体核型分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选用山西白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum)种子为材料,采用根尖压片法进行细胞染色体核型分析,为白羊草的种质资源利用及育种提供细胞学依据。观察统计了30个完整的中期分裂相确定染色体数目,并选其中5个分裂相进行核型分析。结果表明,白羊草染色体数为2n=40,核型公式为K(2n)=4x=40=34m+6sm,其中中部着丝粒染色体(m)为17对,近中部着丝粒染色体(sm)为3对,核型类型为1B。核型不对称系数为58.32%。 相似文献
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Ewelina WARZYCH Adam CIESLAK Zofia E. MADEJA Piotr PAWLAK Anna WOLC Dorota LECHNIAK 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(1):1-8
Numerous attempts have been recently made in the search for a reliable, fast and
noninvasive assay for selection of oocytes suitable for in vitro embryo
production. Potential markers have been described in the follicle such as follicular fluid
(FF) or cumulus cells (CCs). However, the reported findings are contradictory, which may
reflect the complexity of metabolism of the ovarian follicle. In the present experiment, a
data set from individual follicles of known diameter was obtained: cumulus-oocyte complex
(COC) morphology, fatty acid composition and glucose concentration in FF as well as
apoptotic index in CCs. The obtained data was statistically analyzed either separately
(univariate analysis) or simultaneously (multivariate analysis) to examine its predictive
value in morphology assessment of bovine COCs. Although the univariate analysis yielded a
complex relation system of the selected parameters, no clear outcome could be established.
In multivariate analysis, the concentration of the four fatty acids (C16:0, C16:1,
C18:1cis9, C22:5n3) and Δ9-desaturase (16) as well as elongase activities were
selected as covariates. This allowed prediction of the morphology of a COC with an
accuracy of 72%, which is the most interesting finding of the experiment. The present
study indicates that the multifactorial model comprising of selected parameters related to
the follicle appeared more effective in predicting the morphology of a bovine COC, which
may improve the effectiveness of in vitro production systems. 相似文献
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紫花苜蓿离体组织染色体加倍技术及在育种中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过与传统的染色体加倍技术相比较,概述了用秋水仙素诱发离体组织染色体加倍的优点和具体的染色体加倍技术,探讨了秋水仙素诱发形成多倍体的细胞学机制,多倍体的鉴定方法,最后简述了染色体加倍技术在紫花苜蓿育种中的应用。 相似文献
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Shih-Ying YEN Jung-Kai TSENG Show-Mei CHUANG Shuen-Ei CHEN Jyh-Cherng JU 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(5):388-394
In this study, we determined the expression and activation of p38 MAPK in matured porcine oocytes subjected to heat shock
(HS). When MII oocytes were heated, only the phosphorylated p38 levels relative to the total p38 levels decreased (P <
0.01) after HS, but no clear relationship with HS treatments was observed in the ERK, JNK and p90rsk expressions
of matured oocytes. To confirm p38 activation in matured oocytes, immunocytochemical staining was performed to localize its
expression and distribution in the ooplasm, and the results were largely consistent with previous Western blot analyses.
Moreover, when matured oocytes were co-cultured with a P38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, for 4 h at 41.5 C, the activation of its
immediate downstream substrate MAPKAPK-2 was not inhibited within any of the treatment groups. It appears that the MAPKAPK2
levels increased only under prolonged culture (HS4h and C4h) compared with the control group. In conclusion, p38 activity in
porcine oocytes was decreased after exposure to HS and prolonged culture. These alterations of p38 and activation of MAPKAPK2
may be associated with porcine oocyte viability under HS conditions, and a potential cross-talk between p38 MAPK and other
signaling cascades may exist, which warrants additional investigation. 相似文献
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Delgado M. VALDEZ JR . Ryoma TSUCHIYA Shinsuke SEKI Naoya SAIDA Saori NIIMI Chihiro KOSHIMOTO Kazutsugu MATSUKAWA Magosaburo KASAI Keisuke EDASHIGE 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(2):205-213
Fish oocytes have not been cryopreserved successfully, probably because it is difficult
to prevent intracellular ice from forming. Previously, we have shown in medaka that
immature oocytes are more suitable for cryopreservation than mature oocytes or embryos, in
terms of permeability. We have also shown in immature medaka oocytes that the exogenous
expression of aquaporin 3 (AQP3), a water/cryoprotectant channel, promotes the movement of
water and cryoprotectants through the plasma membrane. In the present study, we attempted
to cryopreserve immature medaka oocytes expressing AQP3. We first examined effects of
hypertonic stress and the chemical toxicity of cryoprotectants on the survival of the
AQP3-expressing oocytes. Exposure to hypertonic solutions containing sucrose decreased the
survival of oocytes, but the expression of AQP3 did not affect sensitivity to hypertonic
stress. Also, AQP3 expression did not markedly increase sensitivity to the toxicity of
cryoprotectants. Of the four cryoprotectants tested, propylene glycol was the least toxic.
Using a propylene glycol-based solution, therefore, we tried to cryopreserve immature
oocytes by vitrification. During cooling with liquid nitrogen, all intact oocytes became
opaque, but many AQP3-expressing oocytes remained transparent. This indicates that the
expression of AQP3 is effective in preventing intracellular ice from forming during
cooling. During warming, however, all the AQP3-expressing oocytes became opaque,
indicating that intracellular ice formed. Therefore, the dehydration and permeation by
propylene glycol were still insufficient. Further studies are necessary to realize the
cryopreservation of fish oocytes. 相似文献
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Tadatoshi Nobata Hirohisa Kyougoku Takashi Miyano 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):500-505
During oocyte growth, the morphology of the nucleolus changes into a compact and
homogenous structure. The compact nucleoli in full-grown oocytes are not stained by
aceto-orcein staining or immunofluorescence staining. In this study, we developed a
hematoxylin staining method for pig oocytes in whole-mount preparations to visualize
the nucleoli. Nucleoli of growing and full-grown oocytes were stained blue with
hematoxylin. Using this staining method, the changes in the oocyte nucleolus during
maturation were examined. The nucleolar diameter gradually decreased in maturing
oocytes (10.7 ± 0.1 μm to 9.0 ± 0.7 μm, P<0.05) before germinal vesicle breakdown
(GVBD). The results suggest that the nucleolar volume of oocytes decreases before
GVBD. 相似文献
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Fuminori TANIHARA Michiko NAKAI Hiroyuki KANEKO Junko NOGUCHI Takeshige OTOI Kazuhiro KIKUCHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(4):385-392
In porcine oocytes, the function of the zona pellucida (ZP) with regard to sperm
penetration or prevention of polyspermy is not well understood. In the present study, we
investigated the effects of the ZP on sperm penetration during in vitro
fertilization (IVF). We collected in vitro-matured oocytes with a first
polar body (ZP+ oocytes). Some of them were freed from the ZP (ZP− oocytes) by two
treatments (pronase and mechanical pipetting), and the effects of these treatments on
sperm penetration parameters (sperm penetration rate and numbers of penetrated sperm per
oocyte) were evaluated. There was no evident difference in the parameters between the two
groups. Secondly, we compared the sperm penetration parameters of ZP+ and ZP− oocytes
using frozen-thawed epididymal spermatozoa from four boars. Sperm penetration into ZP+
oocytes was found to be accelerated relative to ZP− oocytes. Thirdly, we evaluated the
sperm penetration of ZP+ and ZP− oocytes at 1−10 h after IVF (3 h gamete co-incubation).
The proportions of oocytes penetrated by sperm increased significantly with time in both
groups; however, the number of penetrated sperm per oocyte did not increase in ZP−
oocytes. Finally, we performed IVF using ZP− oocytes divided into control (3 h) and
prolonged gamete co-incubation (5 h) groups. Greater numbers of sperm penetrated in the 5
h group than in the control group. These results suggest that the ZP and oolemma are not
competent factors for prevention of polyspermy in our present porcine IVF system. However,
it appears that ZP removal is one of the possibilities for reducing polyspermic
penetration in vitro in pigs. 相似文献
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黄芪和甘草染色体数目及核型分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
运用植物根尖压片法,对黄芪和甘草两种豆科植物的染色体数目、核型作了研究。结果表明,黄芪的染色体基数X=8,甘草的染色体基数X=7。两个种都是二倍体,核型分别为2B和1A,核型公式分别为:2n=2x=16=14m 2sm和2n=2x=14=14m。 相似文献