黄芪多糖治疗鸡传染性法氏囊病

鸡传染性法氏囊病(Infectious bursal disease,IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的急性、高度接触性传染病.淋巴细胞是IBDV的靶细胞,尤其B淋巴细胞是最主要的靶细胞,法氏囊是主要靶器官.……     

鸡传染性法氏囊病的流行特点

传染性法氏囊病（Infectious bursal disease,IBD）是由传染性法氏囊病病毒（Infectious bursal diseasevirus,IBDV）引起的鸡和火鸡的一种急性、高度接触性传染病。鸡传染性法氏囊病又称鸡传染性腔上囊病,1957年在美国特拉华州甘布罗（Gumboro）镇的肉鸡群中首次发现,因此该病又称为甘布罗病。该病主要侵害3～6周龄雏鸡和青年鸡,以法氏囊发炎、坏死、萎缩和法氏囊内淋巴细胞严重受损为特征。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒毒力变异及疫苗防治的研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infectious bursal disease,IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)引起鸡和火鸡的一种急性、高度接触性、溶淋巴细胞性传染病.IBDV主要侵害雏鸡法氏囊内未成熟的B淋巴细胞或B淋巴前体细胞,使鸡群产生严重的、长期的免疫抑制,从而导致其他病毒性或细菌性继发感染的敏感性增加,对各种疫苗应答下降,甚至引起免疫失败,增加幼鸡对其它传染性疾病的敏感性和鸡群总的死淘率     

鸡传染性法氏囊病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease,IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的家禽养殖业带来了巨大损失[1]。据调查,美国鸡群的血清阳性率几乎     

超强毒型鸡传染性法氏囊病的防治

<正>鸡传染性法氏囊病(Infectious bursal disease,IBD)是由传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)引起的一种以破坏鸡免疫中枢器官—法氏囊为特征的急性、高度接触性传染病。本病由cosgrove首次报道于美国甘布罗镇的肉鸡,所以,该病也称为甘布罗病(Gumboro disease)。鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)主要侵害3~6周龄雏鸡和青年鸡,以损害法氏囊中的B淋巴细胞为特征,感染鸡的B淋巴细胞,     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2蛋白研究进展

鸡传染性法氏囊病（Infectious bursal disease,IBD）是由鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV）引起的一种急性、高度接触性传染病,主要危害3～6周龄的雏鸡。该病于1957年首次发现于美国Gumboro地区。50年来,IBD一直威胁着养禽业的发展。免疫抑制、抗原变异,特别是超强毒株（vvIBDV）的出现,使得该病的防控形势更加严峻。国际兽疫局（OIE）已将IBD列为“影响社会经济的重要疾病”。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒主要结构蛋白研究进展

传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)引起禽类的传染性法氏囊病(Infectious bursal disease,IBD),主要侵害免疫器官,直接引起感染鸡的发病或死亡,更重要的是能引起鸡的免疫抑制,导致对其他病原因子的易感性增强及对疫苗的免疫应答能力下降。近年来随着反向遗传等新技术的应用,对该病毒的基因组及编码蛋白研究有了长足的进步,本文对该病毒主要结构蛋白方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

我国鸡传染性法氏囊病活疫苗质量标准的某些评价

鸡传染性法氏囊病(Infectious bursal disease,IBD)又名腔上囊炎、传染性囊病,是由双RNA病毒科禽双RNA病毒属的传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种急性、高度接触性传染病.该病主要侵害3～12周龄的雏鸡与青年鸡,破坏法氏囊中的B淋巴细胞,导致免疫抑制,使病鸡更易感其它致病因子,且对某些疫苗的免疫应答能力下降[1].     

传染性法氏囊病毒分子鉴定及序列分析

传染性法氏囊病(Infectious bursal disease,IBD)是由传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种急性、高度接触性传染病。本实验从山西省不同地区疑似法氏囊病鸡中分离到法氏囊病毒,经鸡胚培养繁殖、电镜观察、提取RNA、设计引物、c DNA的PCR扩增、电泳、测序。通过序列分析比对,最后鉴定其为传染性法氏囊病毒株。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒蛋白功能的研究进展

传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)是引起急性、高度接触性鸡传染性法氏囊病(infectious bursal disease,IBD)的病原体。该病毒感染引起的高传染性和免疫抑制给养禽业带来巨大的经济损失,3周龄以下鸡群感染是导致免疫抑制和免疫缺陷时诱发二次感染和对其他病原免疫失败的重要原因。IBDV的研究得到越来越多的重视,对IBDV编码蛋白功能的认识有助于深入了解IBDV的致病机制,也为IBD的防控提供了重要依据。     

荷斯坦牛TLR2基因遗传多态性与乳腺炎抗性关系分析

利用PCR-RFLP方法检测TLR2基因在297头中国荷斯坦牛中的多态性,并分析其多态性与体细胞评分(SCS)的相关性.结果显示,TLR2基因exon2扩增片断的109 bp处产生C→A的突变,并导致天冬氨酸改变为谷氨酸.TLR2基因exon2被EcoRV消化后表现多态性,表现AA、AB、BB 3种基因型,其中B等位基因为优势等住基因,等位基因频率为0.784 5,而A等位基因频率则为0.215 5.经X2适合性检验,中国荷斯坦牛在该位点达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态.同时,群体EcoRV基因座不同基因型与SCS相关分析的结果表明,BB、AB型个体的SCS指标显著高于AA型(P<0.05),AA基因型可作为乳腺炎抗性的有利基因型,可将TLR2作为奶牛乳腺炎候选基因,应用于乳腺炎抗性分子标记辅助选择育种.     

Therapeutic implications of the MDR-1 gene

Drug transporters significantly influence drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the product of the MDR1 (ABCB1) gene, is among the most well-characterized drug transporters, particularly in veterinary medicine. A number of clinically relevant, structurally and functionally unrelated drugs are substrates for P-gp. P-gp is expressed by a variety of normal tissues including the intestines, renal tubular cells, brain capillary endothelial cells, biliary canalicular cells, and others, where it functions to actively extrude substrate drugs. In this capacity, P-gp limits oral absorption and central nervous system entry of many substrate drugs. A number of MDR1 polymorphisms have been described in human patients, some of which result in altered drug pharmacokinetics and susceptibility to diseases such as Parkinson's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, refractory seizures, and others. An MDR1 polymorphism in herding breed dogs, including collies and Australian shepherds, has been demonstrated to be the cause of ivermectin sensitivity in these breeds. Recent evidence suggests that this polymorphism, a 4-bp deletion mutation, results in increased susceptibility to the toxicity of several drugs in addition to ivermectin. Furthermore, data in rodent models suggest that P-gp may play an important role in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.     

Diversity of the ovine DQA2 gene

Variation in the ovine DQA2 gene was investigated in approximately 2,000 sheep from six breeds. Fragments of DNA containing the ovine DQA2 exon 2 were amplified using PCR. Single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis and DNA sequence analysis were employed to detect genetic variation. Twenty-three nucleic acid sequences, encoding 22 DQA2 amino acid sequences, were identified. This increases the number of alleles identified from 10 to 23. In some cases, three or four unique sequences were isolated from individual sheep, suggesting that these DQA2 sequences may represent two loci. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that 5 of these 23 sequences were more closely related to cattle DQA3 or DQA4 sequences than to other sheep DQA2 sequences. These sequences clustered together and were called DQA2-like to differentiate them from other DQA2 sequences. There was no evidence of DQA5-like sequences in sheep. Information theory-based analysis indicated that some of the DQA2-like sequences had low information content at splice sites, suggesting that these alleles may have low functional activity. Allelic lineages were observed not only at the DQA2 locus, but also at the DQA2-like locus, supporting the trans-species mode of evolution of MHC genes. Comparison of the allelic sequences suggests that polymorphism seems to have arisen largely by point mutation and gene conversion, and a recent gene conversion event seems to have occurred between the DQA2 and DQA2-like loci. The high level of sequence polymorphism detected and varied number of loci demonstrate the extensive diversity of the ovine DQA2 gene.     

蜜蜂功能基因研究现状

蜜蜂基因组的研究在经历了一段瓶颈之后,随着近几年分子生物技术的发展,已成为当今遗传育种界的研究热点之一。利用遗传基因的定位和转基因技术来寻找影响性状及群体遗传结构的基因,从而应用于蜜蜂品种起源、免疫反应与疾病防御机制、脑功能、变态反应原的研究。本文综述了蜜蜂品种起源、蜜蜂基因组进化、蜜蜂免疫通路基因、蜜蜂型态(等级)分化基因表达、蜜蜂神经激素GPCRs基因、蜜蜂毒液变态反应原Apim6变态反应基因等功能的研究现状。     

Linkage of the gene for the scrapie-associated fibril protein (PrP) to the Sip gene in Cheviot sheep

The gene Sip with two alleles, sA and pA, is the major gene determining the incubation period of scrapie in its natural host, sheep. Two lines of Cheviot sheep have been bred which differ in their response to experimental infection with SSBP/1 scrapie. The negative line have a decreased incidence of disease caused by SSBP/1 and are SippApA. The positive line have an increased incidence of disease and the majority are either SipsAsA or SipsApA; it is not possible to distinguish between the two genotypes on the basis of scrapie incubation time because the sA allele is fully dominant with SSBP/1 scrapie. There are also rare SippApA segregants in the positive line. The major protein (PrP) of scrapie-associated fibrils is encoded by a cellular gene and a cDNA copy of the hamster PrP mRNA has been used to analyse the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the two lines of Cheviot sheep. Two polymorphisms of the sheep PrP gene were found, by using HindIII and EcoRI, which appear to act as markers for the alleles of Sip. Using these polymorphisms it is now possible to assign a Sip genotype to the sheep in the Cheviot flock. Preliminary results from Anglo-Nubian goats and a cow are also reported.     

扩展莫尼茨绦虫DAZ基因保守结构域所在片段的克隆及原核表达

为了克隆和表达编码扩展莫尼茨绦虫无精症缺失(DAZ)基因,试验根据GenBank中扩展莫尼茨绦虫DAZ基因cDNA序列(登录号为GH291478)设计1对特异性引物,以扩展莫尼茨绦虫组织总RNA为模板,RT-PCR扩增DAZ基因,并克隆到pMD19-T载体中进行序列测定,构建重组质粒pET28a-DAZ,转化BL21(DE3)大肠杆菌感受态细胞,以异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导表达;利用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(SDS-PAGE)分析表达产物,通过螯合琼脂糖凝胶FF亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化。结果表明:重组DAZ基因在大肠杆菌中高效表达,表达的融合蛋白分子量约为14 ku。     

辽宁种猪H-FABP和A-FABP基因位点多态性研究

目的:检测辽宁种猪H-FABP和A-FABP基因位点多态性。方法:采用PCR-RFLP技术。结果:4个猪种H-FABP基因HinfI和HaeⅢ点酶切位点上都显示多态性,优势基因型分别为HH和dd型,荷包猪H-FABP基因5′上游区和第二内含子多态性分析的结果显示H和d基因的频率较高;4个猪种A-FABP基因内含子IBsmI位点进行PCR-RFLP均检测到3种基因型,在地方猪种东北荷包猪中,等位基因A为优势基因,在国外引进猪种大白,长白,杜洛克猪中,等位基因B为优势基因。结论:荷包猪具有高肌内脂肪含量,我国地方猪种肉质优于引入品种。     

Embryogenetics: gene control of the embryogenesis of the eye

In recent years there have been significant advances in our knowledge and understanding of the genetic control of embryonic development. The aim of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge regarding genetic control of embryogenesis, the first stage of ocular development. Products of numerous genes participate in signaling, induction and control during the formation of the neural plate, groove and tube, key events leading to the development of the future eye.     

Cloning and sequencing of the ovine gamma-interferon gene

Cytokines are major modulators of the immune system of all animals. The cloning and expression of recombinant cytokine genes have permitted the analysis of their immune function and role in the control of the immune response to disease and vaccination. While human, murine, and bovine genes have been cloned and sequenced, the cloning of ovine cytokine genes has not yet been reported. As sheep are of dominant economic importance to the Australian farming industry, it is of significance to clone and express these genes to facilitate the development of new and better vaccines and pharmaceuticals. We have initially selected ovine gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) as a target cytokine gene. By the use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using primers based on the bovine gamma-interferon sequence, we have amplified the ovine gamma-interferon gene from crude messenger RNA extracted from lymphocytes. After cloning and DNA sequencing the gene, we found that ovine gamma-IFN is 93% identical to bovine gamma-IFN in amino acid sequence. This result indicates that the PCR method will be a rapid and efficient means for cloning other ovine cytokine genes.