黑龙江省农业产业化企业战略联盟稳定性影响因素研究

黑龙江省农业产业化企业战略联盟仍处于起步阶段,稳定因素的影响会威胁联盟竞争力,因此研究战略联盟稳定性影响因素尤为重要。笔者在众多学者研究基础上联系黑龙江省联盟实际特点,分析提出伙伴选择匹配性、信任风险、文化契合度、外部环境4个因素是影响黑龙江省农业产业化企业战略联盟稳定性的主要因素,使用博弈方法进行深入分析并找出不稳定因素作用根源,总结提出正确选择联盟伙伴、建立详尽契约制度、加强跨文化学习交流、提升外部环境适应能力来增强黑龙江省农业产业化企业战略联盟稳定性,为提升黑龙江省农业产业化企业综合实力提供参考。     

An Analysis of the Affection of Cooperative Opportunities on the Status of Partners in the Strategic Cooperation of Firms

In the strategic cooperation, relative status of the two partners which joined together by the covenant has a great impact on the finally profit distribution. It is analyzed by game theory in this paper that the influence of exterior cooperative opportunities upon the status of a firm when the firm join in an alliance. We focus on the great impact, which is produced by the chance to cooperate with the others that belong separately to the two firms in a strategic cooperation, on the status and profit distribution of the two parts. It is found that a firm will possessed a powerful status in an alliance and carve up more profits from the alliance when it has more opportunities for cooperating. The status differences between the cooperative partners can be better described when a firm sets up a strategic cooperation by combining the method The former researches are done which inspect the inner factors, such as the degree of firms being eager to join an alliance.     

农民专业合作社管理层对一般社员信任的影响因素研究——对四川省盆周山区的实证分析

基于社会资本的相关理论,利用四川省盆周山区的实地调查数据,采用Logistic线性回归模型,就影响合作社管理层对一般社员信任的因素进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,管理层人员年龄、性别、与一般社员关系、受教育程度以及社员责任心对信任有影响,其中管理层人员年龄和与一般社员关系对信任影响显著,而管理层人员性别、受教育程度以及社会责任心影响均较小,最后就提高管理层对一般社员的信任提出了加强合作社制度建设、提高管理层文化水平和合理分配人员工作的建议。     

Strategies of Foreign Market Entry on the Basis of Strategic Alliance

By analyzing the achievements the TTX company and QI company gained on the basis of strategic alliance, this paper proves that strategic alliance is an effective mode of foreign market entry by Chinese enterprises, especially, private, small and medium enterprises, and they can actually promote their competence and acquire profit upon restricted resources by making an alliance with partners. This paper also discusses the problems exist in the alliance and the threat TTX faces, and put forward effective countermeasures.     

Corporate Governance of Technological Alliances of Enterprise

Technological alliance of enterprise is an organization of technology innovation. The proper selection of corporate governance of technological alliance can provide advantage with cost-down, and also it is the decisive factor of success for technological alliance. Based on the comparatively research of the diversity in the structure of corporate ownership and organization, control right distribution, relationship of partners, etc, this paper indicates that the corporate governance of technological alliance is cooperation relationship of the knowledge capital, which makes the base of partner's capability and sharing the control right. The corporate governance of technological alliance is compound of negotiation mechanism, reputation mechanism and trust mechanism. Further analysis of them is also provided.     

The Affection of Learning Mechanism to Unequal Strategic Alliance Partnership

Some symmetric mathematical models, such as Tech-Tech or Tech & Market - Tech & Market, had been set up in the researches of theoretical models of cooperative behavior among firms in strategic alliances. An asymmetric model is established in this paper by discussing the Tech-Market type strategic alliances and expressing the strength contrast between the partners in an alliance by the Bass diffusion models. The benefits changes of alliances partners are studied in several different occasions, and the model about the influences of learning upon partnership is built by introducing the learning mechanism to retrofit the Bass models. Then it is proved that the learning mechanism possesses strategic significance to the partnership, that is to say, the development of an alliance is beneficial to the partner who has higher learning efficiency and unfavorable to the other one. At the same time, the original cause of the strategy, i.e., gaining foreign investment and technology by let foreign firms own some domestic market share, was not work well in last ten years in China, has been revealed. It is pointed out that China's firms should do their best to improve their learning efficiency when they participate in the international alliances.     

Design and implementation of trusted network interaction pattern

In order to establish network interaction pattern based on trust,trust-based basic interaction patterns were proposed and the fuzzy production rules were designed.The basic interaction patterns were used to describe degree of truth of the interaction event trust and that of the integrated interaction pattern.Furthermore,the searching algorithm and refreshing method for the basic interaction pattern based network interaction pattern were proposed.The searching algorithm for integrated interaction pattern is based on the depth-first search algorithm for stack and heap.The active refreshing for integrated interaction pattern is based on user's requirements,while the passive refreshing for integrated interaction pattern is based on trust changes between the interacted entities and the interaction event changes.Theoretical analysis and experiment results show that the method can establish trusted integrated interaction patterns quickly and refresh degree of truth of the integrated interaction patterns.     

大都市城镇居民对地产蔬菜的支付意愿研究——基于上海市532份消费者问卷调查数据的实证分析

基于上海市12个城区532份消费者问卷调查数据,选用假想价值评估法设计问卷,实证分析上海城镇居民消费者对地产绿叶菜的支付意愿及其影响因素,重点关注价格对消费者地产绿叶菜购买意愿的影响。研究发现,投标价格、蔬菜放心程度、地产蔬菜信任程度、购买成员、性别等变量显著影响消费者对地产蔬菜的支付意愿。具体而言,投标价格是影响支付意愿的主要因素,随着价格的增加消费者的支付意愿下降;消费者对蔬菜的放心程度越低,越倾向于购买地产绿叶菜,说明消费者对上海市地产绿叶菜质量安全总体信任度较高;消费者对地产蔬菜信任度越高,其额外支付意愿越高;男性消费者愿意为地产绿叶菜支付额外价格的可能性更大;相较于家庭中非主要购买成员,作为家庭中蔬菜主要购买成员的消费者愿意为地产蔬菜支付额外价格的可能性更大。计算得知,相比外地产绿叶菜,消费者愿意为地产绿叶菜额外支付2.12元/kg。根据结论提出加强食品质量安全监管提升蔬菜质量、稳控蔬菜价格、加强对消费者教育和宣传等措施。     

哈尔滨农业产业技术创新联盟稳定性研究

为了推进哈尔滨农业产业技术创新联盟（下文简称联盟）的健康良性发展,基于已有文献研究和专家意见,设计了包括23个指标的联盟稳定性影响因素调查问卷,运用SPSS17.0统计软件对所收集数据进行因子分析,提取出4个影响哈尔滨农业产业技术创新联盟稳定性的公共因子。结果表明：双方实力水平、组织文化、合作关系、联盟环境因素影响哈尔滨农业产业技术创新联盟的稳定性。在此基础上,提出了提高联盟稳定性的对策建议,以期促进联盟合作的全面开展,进而促进哈尔滨农业的健康可持续发展。     

风险视角下的动态信任关系模型

对风险问题的准确把握,是保证信任决策科学性的关键。针对目前在动态信任关系研究中对信任与风险本质关系理解不够和研究的不足,提出了风险视角下的信任关系理论模型和决策模型,详细分析并给出了信任与风险,以及信任决策与风险决策的本质关系,认为信任是风险的另一种表达形式,信任决策就是风险决策。通过对信任、风险和可信决策三者为一体的安全决策过程的分析,增强了安全决策的科学性,使得安全决策更加理性、全面和客观。     

Institutional frameworks and economic activity: A comparative analysis of regional economies in Thailand,Malaysia and the Philippines

Abstract: It is increasingly recognised that both formal and informal institutions could be important variables in explaining the diversity of capitalist systems. However, less is known about the relative importance of regional institutions for regional economic activity and regional development, especially in developing countries. This article analyses the relative importance of regional institutions to regional capitalist systems in Southeast Asia, using the comparative institutional approach of ‘business systems’. Two comparisons are made that enable an analysis of the relative importance of regional institutions: one between two regional economies in the same country (Cebu and Negros Oriental in the Philippines) and one between two bordering regional economies in different countries (Satun in Thailand and Perlis in Malaysia). We investigate four sets of economic institutions: the extent of alliance coordination of supply and demand, the extent of collaboration between competitors, the extent of alliance coordination of sectors and access to finance. The results suggest that regional economic institutions are stronger in agricultural areas with relatively weak national economic institutions and that the presence of strong and enabling regional economic institutions is one of the factors that lead to taking advantage of favourable agricultural conditions, to economic growth and, ultimately, to catching up.     

基于发展环境及影响因素的产业发展动因浅析——以秸秆人造板产业为依托

摘要：秸秆人造板产业是人造板的子产业,同时又与林业产业息息相关。三者联系紧密,属于逻辑上的包涵与被包涵关系,在产业特征和发展过程上具有诸多的一致性。从产业的角度来看,三者的产业发展动因具有相当程度的一致性,尤其是秸秆人造板与人造板产业的一致性更强。秸秆人造板有别于其他人造板子产业的根本则在于其新产业的特征和原材料的差异性。理清人造板产业发展态势、内外部环境及影响因素,对于分析和研究秸秆人造板产业发展动因具有非常重要的意义。本文以人造板产业发展轨迹、战略环境及主要影响因素为重要参考,结合其秸秆人造板新产业特征,从而分析和提炼出秸秆人造板的产业发展动因,并对动因进行梳理,形成动力因素框架,在产业发展动因方面进行初步地探讨和分析。     

A Matter of Distrust: Explaining the Persistence of Dysfunctional Beliefs in Regional Clusters

ABSTRACT Much theoretical writing on regional clusters is based on a functionalist and normative view of trust‐based social exchange underlying innovativeness and competitiveness. Empirical research, however, reports many cases of clusters that are best characterized as loosely connected agglomerations of firms, driven by intense distrust and rivalry, rather than trust and cooperation, and with outcomes that may or may not be advantageous. The aim of this paper is to offer a microlevel Darwinian explanation for the persistence of distrust in clusters. From the “meme's eye view,” a cluster may be understood as a cultural phenomenon that is created and reproduced by human agents as they selectively perceive and enact the ideas that draw their attention. The outcome is not necessarily a distribution of ideas that benefits the individual members of the cluster or enhances the performance of the cluster as a whole. This paper outlines the general evolutionary principles involved in this process and applies them in a discussion of some of the conditions under which ideas related to distrust may be selected and reproduced.     

农户生猪养殖新技术选择行为的影响因素

文章运用Logistic回归模型分析了农户生猪养殖新技术选择行为,分析结果表明：养猪户户主的性别、文化程度、生猪饲养规模、养猪收入占家庭总收入的比重、对生猪饲养技术入户工程了解程度、本村是否有相关技术人员以及农户是否加入产业化组织等与农户生猪养殖新技术的选择行为具有显著的相关关系。根据研究结果,结合当前农村的基本现实,作者提出了相关的对策建议。     

Trust in Virtual Enterprise：Determinants and Mechanism

Trust is the most basic operation mechanism. From the embedded visual angle, the cooperation relation is considered as the inter-continuation.The trust relation in virtual enterprise is embedded in the network of social relation and will evolve dynamically. The interaction between partners, which is composed of information communion and learning, plays an important role in the creation mechanism of VE's trust . Firstly, this article starts with the time dimension of cooperation relation in VE, compartmentalizes the trust relation of VE as two parts: initial trust and continuous trust. Secondly, it argues that the prior experience of cooperation, reputation and commitment can affect the initial trust obviously, accordingly, the life cycle of VE, opportunism, interdependence and the distance of culture and geographic distribution can determine the generation and development of the continuous trust. Finally, it develops a dynamic process model based on information communion and learning, which perfects Nielsen's static conception model.     

Local Embeddedness,Market Focus,and Productivity: Evidence of Taiwanese Manufacturing MNE Subsidiaries in China

There has been considerable literature discussing the characteristics and importance of location‐specific factors in the context of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), but very little literature linking location‐specific factors to productivity. This study explores, for each location‐specific factor, the relationship between the degree of local embeddedness and the labor productivity. We contribute to the body of literature on location‐specific factors by arguing that market focuses play a pivotal role in determining the impact of local embeddedness on productivity. Based on their strategic choices, we categorize Taiwanese manufacturing multinational enterprise (MNE) subsidiaries in China into two groups: the local‐market‐focus group and the export‐market‐focus group. The paper fits the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models to the export‐market‐focus group and the local‐market‐focus group separately. For these two groups, each local‐embeddedness variable exerts different effect on labor productivity. Results also suggest that local‐market‐focus FDI is more affected by the host country's local business environment than is export‐market‐focus FDI. Although this study cannot represent all foreign companies in China, its dynamism offers a rich context in which to explore a deeper understanding of foreign companies' business activities in China.     

基于引力模型的中国虾产品出口影响因素分析

中国是虾产品出口大国,出口规模从总体上逐年增大但也有小范围的波动,文章主要研究影响虾产品出口规模的因素及影响程度,为虾产品的出口调整提供理论依据,并为政府企业部门决策时作参考。使用贸易引力模型,基于2005—2009年24个国家的面板数据来分析影响出口的主要因素。结果表明：进口国的GDP、中国虾产品的产量及APEC成员对虾产品的出口起促进作用,尤其是产量起着决定性作用,而两国间的距离起阻碍作用。根据结果提出加强健康养殖、提高运输保鲜条件与技术、加快区域经济一体化的建议。     

Interpersonal trust,invention, and innovation across European regions

Many studies in economics and regional science claim a positive link between interpersonal trust and innovation by demonstrating a positive effect of trust on patenting. This contrasts many findings from organization level studies on trust and innovation, who report a variety of findings including inverted-U type relations. A possible explanation is that trust exhibits different roles in invention and innovation, as the former relies on knowledge commons while the latter directly embeds commercialization and the market context. This study attempts to reconcile the two set of findings by studying indicators of invention and innovation in relation to trust at the same unit of observation, by using the regional variation in Europe. I study the relationship between interpersonal trust and patent applications (a measure of invention), trademark applications (a composite indicator) and the share of innovative sales in turnover by SMEs (a direct indicator of commercialization), across European regions. I show that trust positively affects trademark applications with an effect that is comparable to that on patent applications. However, trust exhibits an inverted-U type relationship with innovative sales. Results collectively point to a strong role of trust in all three creative activities, including a negative effect at the higher end when the indicator is directly contingent on commercialization and sales. I also estimate the extent of spatial spillovers in the effect of trust on all three creative outcomes.     

基于内聚力模型的锈蚀砼梁抗弯刚度

粘结性能退化是导致锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件力学性能下降的主要因素之一,基于锈蚀构件粘结性能实验研究成果与内聚力模型,建立了有厚度的双线性内聚力单元与分离式钢筋混凝土梁分析模型,引入粘结界面层,研究了粘结性能退化对锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗弯刚度的影响。结果表明,双线性内聚力单元可以有效模拟钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结机制,而根据锈蚀深度确定的有厚度的粘结单元能合理描述锈蚀程度对粘结性能的影响。数值分析结果与实验及经验公式对比,表明了文中方法的有效性和合理性。