Experimental Investigation of Stabilized Soft Soil by New GSC

Soft clay is stabilized by desulphurization gypsum and steel slag-slag blended cementitious materials (GSC), which can not only reuse industrial waste and decrease second pollution, but also can conserve mineral resources and protect natural ecology. The variation of unconfined compressive strength of the clay improved by GSC with different mixing ratios and water-GSC ratio and ages was studied through the laboratory experiments. The long-term strength of stabilized soil is predicted with GSC by quasi-water-GSC ratio. The results show that the more the mixing ratios is, the better the stabilized effect of soft soil is. With increase of curing period, the strength increasing of GSC-soil is consistent with cement-soil, and it has lower strength in the early stage. When mixing ratios of GSC is more than those of cement by 3%, if the water-GSC ratio is less than those of cement, it has the higher strength than cement-soil, after 28 days. The results show that GSC stabilized soil is feasible and it can meet the demand of cure strength.     

Pretreatment of Coke Oven Waste Water with Blast Furnace Sludge Method and Blast Furnace Sludge Plus Scrap Iron Method

Coke oven waste water is respectively pretreated by blast furnace sludge method and blast furnace sludge plus iron scrap method, the effects of pH and the quantity of materials and treatment time on the removal efficiency of COD are analyzed. The results indicate that blast furnace sludge plus iron scrap method is superior to blast furnace sludge method .The treatment time and pH can greatly affect on the removal efficiency of COD using blast furnace sludge plus iron scrap method. The treatment time after 30 minutes and pH have no remarkable effects the removal efficiency of COD using blast furnace sludge method. The removal efficiency of COD increases with the increase of blast furnace sludge and iron scrap, but the increase rate decreases gradually.     

不同添加剂对干旱胁迫下高粱种子发芽的影响

为了“变废为宝”,使“工业三废”（木质素、低密度聚乙烯再生料(RLDPE)、皮胶）在治理日益严重的土地沙漠化措施中得到有效的利用,改善人类的生存环境。实验以高粱种子为发芽材料,通过在风成沙中添加不同浓度木质素、低密度聚乙烯再生料、皮胶形成沙基质,采用沙培法,在25℃的恒温箱中培养7天以上,研究了0%、2.5%、5%、7.5%和10%木质素、RLDPE、皮胶及0%、0.5%、1%、2%、4%和8% 皮胶掺量的沙基质中高粱种子的发芽率、发芽指数。结果表明,在风成沙中,添加10%木质素时,发芽率最高为86.7%;添加2.5% RLDPE时,发芽率最高为93.3%;添加>2.5%皮胶,发芽率均不及对照,故降低皮胶添加浓度,添加0.5%皮胶时,发芽率最高为75%。对干旱胁迫下种子发芽率影响显著性为RLDPE>木质素>皮胶。     

The Study on Smelting Ti-Si Ferroalloy by DC Electrothermal Process Using PISC Blast Furnace Titaniferous Slag

The new process for semiting Ti-Si ferroalloy using Panzhihua Iron & Steel Company (PISC) blast furnace titaniferous slag is introduced. The reduction and impoverishment law of TiO2 in slag and the effects of DC on smelting Ti-Si ferroalloy are studied when smelting Ti-Si ferroalloy by electrosilicothermal method,Ti-Si ferroalloy containing about 20% Ti can be produced by electrosilicothermal method. and Ti recovery rate is less than 60 %. And then, electrosilicoaluminothermal method is developed, by which Ti-Si ferroalloy containing Ti more than 30% and Si less than 35 % can be produced, and Ti recovery rate is higher than 80%. Ti-Si ferroalloy can replace TiFe martially in steelmaking,and residue slag can be used to make cement.     

Experiment Research of Adhesive and Shearing Strength between the Concrete Member Poured with Special-shaped Steel Form and the Cement Mortar on its Surface

This paper systematically presents the experiment about the adhesive and shearing strengthbetween the concrete member poured with two kinds of steel form and the cement mortar on the membersurface. By the comparison of three groups of experiments, this paper draws a conlusion tha the adhesive and shearing strentgh between concrete member and cement mortar could be considerably increased if the special-shaped steel form was applied.     

STUDY ON THE LOW TEMPERATURE CALCINATION AND THE BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL SLAG COLOUR CLINKER CEMENT

The colourcd clinker cement which fired directly from kiln has the advantages of low cost,bright colour and good colour durability.This paper studies the possibility of using calcium flouridc and gypsum combined mineralizer to calcine the col-outed clindcr cement at low temperature.Different methods such as X-ray diffraction ana ysis,scanning electron microscopy,infrared spectra analysis,combined water content chemical asysis,compressive strength test and so on arc used to study the clinder minerals,the colour,the physical and mechanics properties and behaviour of the coloured clinker cement which made both with high quality raw materials and with electric furnace reduced slag additive.     

鱿鱼内脏的营养及其开发利用

按照国标方法,对鱿鱼内脏的营养成分进行检测。结果表明,鱿鱼内脏营养丰富,每100 g鱿鱼内脏中含脂肪21.15 g,蛋白质21.24 g,钙51.46 mg,铁609.07μg和磷95.88μg。此外,鱿鱼内脏消化液中还含有18种氨基酸(包括全部人体必需氨基酸),鱿鱼内脏油脂脂肪酸中含有10.58%的EPA和15.23%的DHA,非常值得研究开发与利用。     

Advance in Spray Forming Technology and Its Prospect

Spray Forming technology gets involved with new materials preparation techniques in multiple domains such as powder metallurgy, fluent metal atomization, rapid cooling and non-equilibrium solidification. High performance alloy and metal matrix composite with high density, low oxygen content and microstructure featuring rapid solidification can be fabricated by spray forming. Spray forming, which is of short process flow, low cost, high deposition efficiency, flexible manufacture system, becomes a kind of near shape forming and rapid solidification technology with great prospect. Therefore the developing process history of spray forming technology is introduced and the current research and development status of spray forming technology in the fields of aluminum alloy, steel material, magnesium alloy, copper alloy and high temperature alloy and metal matrix composite is described. Multi-layer spray forming and in-situ reaction atomization spray forming are also discussed. In addition, evaluation and prospect for the technology are presented.     

The Influence on the Strength of Cement Mortars by Emulsified Epoxy

The influence on the strength of cement mortars by adding emulsified epoxy is studied, and epoxy resin polymer cement mortars with excellent performances are made up through modifying ordinary Portland cement with emulsified epoxy and micro-fine slag. The microstructure of the epoxy resin polymer cement materials are studied and their action and mechanism are discussed by means of modern detection measures such as SEM, XRD. The experimental results indicate cement mortars modifying emulsified epoxy and micro-fine slag have higher compressive strength and flexible strength. The series effects of water-reducing, density, pozzolanicity, filling and solidification cross linking through the action together of epoxy organism and micro-fine slag can endow cement-based materials with perfect mechanic performance. The main hydration products in the system are C-S-H gel and micro-crystal hydrated calcium aluminate. When epoxy resin is solidified, the organism is network. No Ca(OH) 2 has been found.     

中国大城市郊区循环农业发展模式探讨 ——以北京市房山区循环农业发展为例

阐述中国大城市郊区发展循环农业的必要性，总结了代表性模式，系统地分析了房山区循环农业发展的3个典型模式，即以农业废弃物资源综合利用为特征的循环农业模式，以龙头企业为主导的农业产业链延伸型循环农业模式，以主导产业为纽带的农业产业园区型循环农业模式。在模式分析的基础上，提出了房山区循环农业发展的3条对策建议：一是探索农业废弃物资源化利用新技术；二是延伸农产品加工企业的产业链条；三是创新农民专业合作经济组织的组织方式。最后，提出了中国大城市郊区循环农业发展可参照的模式类型     

板坯连铸结晶器内凝固坯壳的三维数值模拟

基于流场和温度场的计算,对断面为1 780 mm×225 mm的板坯结晶器进行数值模拟,考虑3种不同水口条件下,钢液流动对凝固壳的冲刷,计算出凝固壳厚度的三维分布特征,并与二维切片法的计算结果进行了对比。结果表明：有水口时结晶器角部位置凝固壳最大值为约45 mm,宽面和窄面中心凝固厚度壳最大值为24 mm,分别比无水口条件下凝固壳薄1~2 mm;钢液的扩散会使凝固壳在距离结晶器角部300 mm和顶部400 mm的位置形成约深度2.5 mm的凹陷;同时钢液会冲刷整个结晶器窄面的凝固壳,在窄面中心最严重;对比不同的水口,凸底水口冲刷最大,凹底最小。     

Current Research Status of Micro-Scale Solidification Models of Binary Alloys

According to determine the non-equilibrium solidification path and local liquid solute concentration in the macro transport model during solidification process of binary alloys, the two kinds of micro-scale solidification models are discussed detailedly, viz. solidification kinetics model and miceosegregation model. The current research status of deterministic solidification kinetics model and semi-analytical microsegregation model are reviewed comprehensively, respectively. The main influencing factors of the two models have also been discussed, viz. undercooling and nucleation rate & back-diffusion and coarsening. Further more, the practical value in the coupled numerical simulation of alloy solidification and the future developmental directions of the micro-scale solidification models are elaborated.     

玉米秸秆腐解液中酚酸的检测及对小麦土传病原菌的化感作用

在不同时期提取玉米秸秆腐解液,利用高效液相色谱检测其中酚酸类物质及其含量,并测定检测到的不同酚酸类物质对小麦土传病原菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响率。结果表明,在玉米秸秆腐解液中共检测到5种酚酸类物质,不同时期提取的腐解液中酚酸类物质的种类和含量有所不同,其中在同期腐解液中邻苯二甲酸和苯甲酸含量明显高于其它3种酚酸;5种酚酸类物质对3种病原菌的菌丝生长及对G.graminis和B.sorokiniana的孢子萌发具有不同程度的促进或抑制作用,且随着浓度的增高而作用趋势增强。     

不同调控材料对滨海盐土快速脱盐效果研究

为给滨海盐土快速脱盐改造提供参考依据,以工农业废弃物秸秆、牛粪、脱硫石膏、醋渣为调控材料,研究不同组合下滨海盐土快速脱盐效果。结果表明,4种组合与对照相比,均可显著降低土壤容重,提高土壤孔隙度,增加土壤渗透性,其中T4(牛粪+醋渣)综合效果最好,与对照相比,土壤容重降低37.93%,土壤孔隙度提高12.37个百分点;各处理0~60 cm土层平均含盐量高低顺序为T1(秸秆+脱硫石膏)CK(对照)T2(牛粪+脱硫石膏)T3(秸秆+醋渣)T4(牛粪+醋渣),T1、T2、T3、T4与CK相比分别降低-123.9%,2.23%,30.45%,39.77%;各处理p H值与CK相比均显著下降,由高到低的顺序为CKT3T4T2T1,T1、T2、T3、T4与CK相比分别降低0.71,0.50,0.35,0.39个单位;各处理土壤CO_3~(2-)、HCO_3~-含量均明显下降,脱硫石膏处理还能增加土壤SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)含量。综上所述,在改善土壤物理结构、降低土壤盐分方面,牛粪效果明显好于秸秆,醋渣明显好于脱硫石膏;在抑制土壤脱盐碱化方面,脱硫石膏明显好于醋渣,但脱硫石膏容易增加土体总体含盐量。因此,推荐滨海盐土低成本快速脱盐方式为"牛粪+醋渣"。     

A Study on the Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium Ion in the Process of Sintering and Ironmaking

The basic principle of using chromium leach residue as melting flux of blast furnace is introduced in this paper.The reduction thermodynamics of Na 2CrO 4 and chromium oxides in the process of sintering and ironmaking is studied,and the simulating experiments in the laboratory and industrial experiments in 600 m 3 blase furnace are carried out.The results of thermodynamical study and experimental study show that hexavalent chromium ion in the burden can be well eliminated in the process of sintering and ironmaking.     

强酸性电解水与强碱性电解水的灭菌效果比较研究

为了比较酸性电解水与碱性电解水的灭菌效果,试验进行了4种不同pH值的电解水对土壤中细菌以及枯草芽孢杆菌的灭菌效果的研究。试验通过稀释涂布计数的方法对灭菌效果进行了测定,研究结果表明：不同pH值的强酸性电解水与强碱性电解水原液对土壤中的细菌以及枯草芽孢杆菌均具有较好的灭菌效果,并且强酸性电解水的灭菌效果明显高于碱性电解水;25倍酸性电解水仍具有较好的灭菌效果,25倍强碱电解水灭菌效果不明显。电解水具有制取方便、价格低廉,杀菌性强、杀菌范围广,无污染、无残留,对人体安全等特点,因此在医疗卫生、食品加工、农业生产三大领域都具有广阔的发展前景。     

蔬菜废弃物沤制液体有机肥的理化性状和腐熟特性研究

为了探索和推广蔬菜废弃物资源化利用的新途径,试验选用白菜废弃物、西红柿秧废弃物为原料,根据不同原料和预处理方式共设12个处理,经过96天的沤制,形成液体有机肥,测量各项指标及GI值。试验结果表明,相同的沤制时间条件下,叶菜类废料中磷、钾等营养元素相对于果菜秧更易转移到肥液中;切碎预处理对叶菜类废料的影响大于果菜秧;接种沼液和纤维素菌对沤肥各项指标影响不显著;曝气明显改变了沤肥的发酵状态,特别是加快了好氧微生物对有机物的降解,增加了氮素的挥发损失,并可能使氮、磷等养分经微生物吸附而更快地向固相转移。     

一株黑曲霉转化低品位磷尾矿能力的研究

研究了在液体纯培养条件下,低品位磷尾矿粉用量、不同氮源和pH值对黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）溶磷活性的影响,并初步探讨了其溶磷机制。结果表明,A. niger产生的有机酸主要是草酸,它在尾矿粉的溶解浸磷过程中起重要作用。磷尾矿粉的用量为5 g/L时,最大溶磷量是56.02 mg/L,溶磷率高达20.87%;磷尾矿粉的用量超过5 g/L时,溶磷能力显著降低,溶磷率由5 g/L时的20.87%降至40 g/L时的0.65%。此外,以(NH4)2SO4作为氮源时,最大溶磷率是以NaNO3为氮源时的2.17倍。pH值在5~6之间变化时,溶磷率达到最高。     

Cementation Effect with Cement during Cold In Place Recycling System of Asphalt Pavement

Different kinds of structures of RAP and different contents of cement were prepared. By means of standard compaction test, unconfined compressive strength, water stability, modulus and SEM test, the cementation effect with cement was studied. It was shown that the maximum dry density of RAP mixture rose from 1.91g/cm3 to 2.00g/cm3 with the increase of cement content when A/S was 0.4. The maximum dry density of RAP mixture would rise when adding more asphalt. The unconfined compressive strength rose from 1.48MPa to 2.63 MPa and then down to 2.28MPa when cement content was 6%. The best property could be got when A/S was 0.4 and the cement content was 6% with 9.5% water. The compressive strength of RAP mixture declined after it was cured in water for 24 h, but it had the same tendency with those of which had not been maintained in water. And it is also found that RAP does not obtain better stabilities in high temperature with modular test. From SEM test, it is shown that ettringite and C S H interlace and form the netted structure, and the aggregate would be enwrapped to increase the strength.     

香菇菌株的脱毒研究

香菇具独特香味且有多种保健功能,是我国栽培的主要食用真菌之一。但近些年我国大陆部分产区出现了不同程度的香菇病毒病,使香菇的产量和质量受到明显影响,重者绝收,损失严重。通过试验发现病毒在香菇中是普遍存在的。本文选取3株带毒香菇菌株,采用菌丝尖端挑取法（挑取长度小于0.2mm的菌丝尖端）进行脱毒。结果显示：通过菌丝尖端挑取法,获得一株无毒菌株（不含dsRNA条带）,和一些未完全脱毒菌株（含1条11kb的dsRNA）。对脱毒不彻底菌株、脱毒彻底菌株以及带毒菌株分别进行了生物学特性,纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、漆酶和多酚氧化酶活性的测定,发现在pH值8时,脱毒菌株的生长速度比带毒菌株快,脱毒菌株的漆酶和多酚氧化酶活性明显大于带毒菌株,而纤维素酶和木聚糖酶则没有显著区别。通过栽培实验,发现：三个菌株的子实体产量没有显著差别。