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种植密度对青贮玉米品种产量及相关性状的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以6个青贮玉米品种为试验材料,研究了3种种植密度对青贮玉米生物产量、干物质产量及相关性状的影响。结果表明,不同品种之间生物产量和干物质产量差异极显著;不同密度下品种的生物产量和干物质产量差异极显著;品种与密度互作之间生物产量和干物质产量差异分别为显著和极显著。龙育1号、高油169和高油115作为优质青贮高油玉米在黑龙江省适宜种植密度分别为7.0~8.0万株/hm2、7.0万株/hm2和6.0万株/hm2;黑饲1号在6万株/hm2时产量较高;龙辐208在7万株/hm2种植条件下,其生物产量和干物质产量均较高,尤其干物质产量最高;青贮玉米品种的青贮生育日数、株高、穗位、茎粗、收获期绿叶片数差异不大,品种之间差异主要由品种自身特性决定。中原单32可作为粒用玉米种植推广。 相似文献
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青贮专用型玉米新品种科青1号的选育研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
科青1号是中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所选育成的优质高产青贮专用型玉米新品种。该品种中晚熟,春播时生育期为120~130d,收割期为90~105d,鲜生物产量稳定在75000kg/hm2以上。青贮质量优、粗蛋白含量高是科青1号的一个特点,全株粗蛋白含量10%以上。适应性强,具有较好的抗性,可在≥10℃有效积温2750℃·d的地区种植。 相似文献
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不同农艺栽培措施对青贮玉米鲜草产量效应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用3因素最优饱和设计,系统地研究了氮肥、磷肥与种植密度3因素对不同收获时期青贮玉米产量的影响。结果表明:N、P与密度对青贮玉米鲜、干草产量的影响因收获期而异。不同收获时期青贮玉米鲜草产量均以N的作用居于首位,其次是种植密度和P。7月30日、8月11日、8月26日收获,随着施N量的增加鲜草产量无明显增加。乳熟期收获,随着施N量的增加产量显著增加。生产中适宜施磷量为120~150kg/hm2,可相应获得8100~25000kg/hm2的较高干草产量;灌浆期和乳熟期收获,干草产量随密度增加亦呈单峰曲线变化,获得较高干草产量(15000~25000kg/hm2)的适宜种植密度为78000~83000株/hm2。 相似文献
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通过高油115在北京山前暖区和冷凉山区不同生态区的生育规律观测和配套技术研究,明确该品种生长发育需≥10℃积温3 100~3 200℃·d.北京地区粮饲兼用生产适宜密度为42000~46 500株/hm2,作为专用青贮的适宜密度为51 000~55 500株/hm2;春播高油115的N、P2O5,、K2O最佳施肥配比应为311.25;粮饲兼用适宜收获期为吐丝后55~60 d,此时收获子粒产量高,秸秆饲用品质也较好;作为专用青贮最佳收获期为吐丝后25~30 d. 相似文献
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密度及收割高度对复播青贮玉米产量和品质的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
以农大1027组合为材料,在大田条件下分别研究了5种密度及不同收割高度对复播青贮玉米(生长期82 d)产量和饲用品质的影响。结果表明:在密度6万~18万株/hm2范围内随着密度的增加产量先增后降,密度与产量呈二次曲线关系;而饲用营养品质却随密度增加呈现下降趋势。产量最高的密度和品质最优的密度不一致,优质时的密度显著低于高产时的密度。在密度9万~12万株/hm2条件下,可以获得产量高、品质较优的青贮玉米。适当提高收获高度可以明显改善青贮玉米的饲用营养品质。 相似文献
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不同栽培措施对青贮玉米产量和营养品质的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用随机区组设计和“3414”最优回归设计,研究青贮玉米不同种植密度、收获期和施肥水平对产量和营养品质的影响。结果表明:不同种植密度、收获期和施肥水平均极显著影响青贮玉米的产量和营养品质。其中,氮肥对青贮玉米的鲜、干生物产量的提高及青贮玉米营养品质、饲用价值的提高贡献最大,其次是磷肥,钾肥的影响较小。建立了氮、磷、钾肥和青贮玉米鲜、干生物产量,蛋白质产量,中、酸性洗涤纤维产量,脂肪产量的回归数学模型。得出了青贮玉米新饲玉14号在海南中等肥力土壤上的适宜种植密度为7.50~9.00万株/hm2;最佳收获期是籽粒乳熟中期; 预测出了获得青贮玉米最大鲜、干生物产量,蛋白质产量,中、酸性洗涤纤维产量,脂肪产量时所需氮、磷、钾肥的施用量。 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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近年来,随着大豆播种面积的增长,受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇(又名根明)与根腐病共同发生危害,严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作,适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1):313-324
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer. 相似文献