高钙饲粮对青年蛋鸡血清一氧化氮浓度和抗氧化功能的影响

本试验旨在研究高钙饲粮对青年蛋鸡血清一氧化氮（ＮＯ）浓度和抗氧化功能的影响。将 ３５日龄 １００羽伊沙蛋鸡随机均分为对照组（含钙 １．００％）和高钙组（含钙 ３．７８％），每组 ５个重复，每个重复 １０羽。每天观察鸡的精神状态、食欲和粪便情况。在饲喂高钙饲粮第 ０、８、１６、２４和 ３２天时，分别测定 ２组鸡的血清中 ＮＯ浓度和丙二醛含量及抗氧化酶系统的变化。结果表明：１）高钙饲粮能引起青年蛋鸡长期腹泻，在饲喂高钙饲粮的第 ８天就发生高血钙症。２）与对照组相比，高钙组在饲喂高钙饲粮第 ８天和第 １６天血清 ＮＯ浓度无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５），第２４天和第 ３２天显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；第 ８天和第 ２４天血清超氧化物歧化酶活性、总抗氧化能力无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５），第 １６天显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），第 ３２天显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；第 ８、１６、２４天血清丙二醛含量无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５），第 ３２天显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；第 ２４天和第 ３２天黄嘌呤氧化酶活性有升高趋势（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果提示，饲喂高钙饲粮可导致青年蛋鸡发生长期腹泻，引起高血钙症，导致其机体内自由基的产生与清除的动态平衡遭到破坏，使自由基的产生远远超出清除能力。     

仔猪白痢病诊疗报告

仔猪白痢病诊疗报告１９９３年２月，敦煌市黄渠乡某养猪户饲养土种架子猪８头，成年母猪１头。母猪于１月２３日产仔９只，存活８只，１２日龄时，其中８只仔猪排淡黄色稀粪，发病至第３天粪便颜色转为白色，频频腹泻，气味腥臭，两后腿和肛门周围沾满粪便，全身颤抖，口...     

牛体外受精早期胚胎与小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞共培养的研究

探讨了人工合成培养液ＣＲ１ａａ和小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞对牛体外受精早期胚胎体外发育的影响。结果表明，牛体外受精卵在ＣＲ１ａａ液中的卵裂率达７６．２％，８细胞胚的比率达４４．８％。小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞能够显著促进牛体外受精的早期囊胚以上胚胎的发育。牛体外受精后第５、６天的早期胚胎分别与小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞共培养，在受精后第７天发育至囊胚以上的比率分别达１９．８％和２４．６％；受精后第８天，孵化的囊胚比例分别达５．２％和７．５％。实验表明，受精后第５、６天的牛体外受精早期胚胎与小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞共培养，可显著提高扩张囊胚和孵化囊胚数量。小鼠成纤维细胞对胚胎发育的支持作用取决于胚胎发育阶段     

辽宁绒山羊改良宁夏土种山羊效果观察

用辽宁绒山羊改良宁夏土种山羊结果表明：１－４岁杂一代羊产绒量提高近一倍，绒长度，强度，净绒率和含绒率均有明显增加；绒毛细度增加０．４μｍ，仍属优质绒。杂一代羊绒毛中的氨基酸组成，微细结构与宁夏土种山羊相似。杂一代羊皮肤上的毛囊群由１－４个初级毛囊和若干个次级毛囊组成，次级毛囊密度比土种山羊多１２．９个／ｍｍ＾２。成年一代公，母羊抓绒后平均活重２３．８ｋｇ，比土种山羊高２．３ｋｇ；冬季平均活重３４．     

山羊实验性过食玉米其瘤胃纤毛虫数量变化的观察

对８只实验性过食玉米山羊瘤胃中纤毛虫，ｐＨ值以及乳酸进行了测定。结果表明，过食玉米后瘤胃中纤毛虫数量随其中乳酸的增加，ＰＨ值的降低而显著减少，当ＰＨ值低于５．５时纤毛虫消失，直至放牧后才显著回升。     

添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮发酵品质和体外消化率的影响

在实验室条件下采用单因素完全区组试验设计,调制紫花苜蓿青贮饲料,研究商品菌制剂LaLsIL Dry（LD）、酶制剂（E）以及二者混合处理对紫花苜蓿青贮饲料发酵品质和体外消化率的影响。共设置E（0．025％）、LD（0．015％）和E＋LD（0．015％＋0．025％）等3个处理,同时设置对照组（CK）,青贮发酵时间点分别为第1天、第3天、第5天、第15天和第60天．不同处理和时间点各3次重复。结果表明,青贮60d后,添加酶制剂显著降低了青贮饲料的pH值,明显提高了青贮饲料的干物质含量,显著提高了青贮饲料体外干物质消化率、粗蛋白消化率、中性洗涤纤维消化率和酸性洗涤纤维消化率（P〈0．05）。添加菌制剂明显改善了青贮饲料发酵品质。主要表现为降低了紫花苜蓿青贮饲料pH值,提高了乳酸含量（P〉0．05）。明显降低了氨态氮／总氮比值,提高了紫花苜蓿青贮饲料体外干物质消化率（P〈0．05）。酶制剂和菌制剂混合处理降低了青贮饲料pH值,显著提高了青贮饲料乳酸含量（P〈0．05）,显著提高了体外中性洗涤纤维消化率和酸性洗涤纤维消化率（P〈0．05）。     

衣原体单克隆抗体在牛羊血清诊断上的应用

采用淋巴细胞亲交瘤技术，研制出的抗衣原体单克隆抗体，应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）方法，对本地区所采集的１２８份羊血清、９０份牛血清进行检测，结果，羊血清阳性检出率为２５．８％，牛血清阳性检出率为３２．２％，选择５０份羊血清、５０份牛血清用已建立的检测衣原体抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ与间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ）进行比较，牛血清ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性检出率为３２．０％，ＩＨＡ为２４．０％，ＥＬＩＳＡ比ＩＨＡ试验高出８个百分点；羊血清ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性检出率为２６．０％，ＩＨＡ为２２．０％，ＥＬＩＳＡ比ＩＨＡ高出４个百分点。     

硬枝碱蓬对卡拉库尔羊血清中NO含量及NOS活性的影响

为探讨硬枝碱蓬对卡拉库尔羊血清中一氧化氮(NO)含量及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的影响,选择8只健康卡拉库尔羊,随机分为对照组和试验组,试验组羊日粮添加硬枝碱蓬,分别在试验期第10天、第20天和第30天测定卡拉库尔羊血清NO含量及总一氧化氮合酶(TNOS)和结构型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS)活性.结果表明:硬枝碱蓬对卡拉库尔羊血清中NO含量及TNOS和cNOS活性均有抑制作用,10d时抑制显著,20和30 d时抑制均极显著,且随添加时间的增加抑制作用越来越明显.表明日粮添加适量的硬枝碱蓬可显著提高卡拉库尔羊机体的抗氧化和抗衰老能力,延长其寿命.     

宁夏土种山羊杂交改良效果观察

灵武县应用辽宁绒山羊对宁夏土种山羊进行杂交改良，８年累计受配母羊１０．８４万只，杂种后代７．８万只。杂种羊被毛白色率Ｆ１８６．６５％，Ｆ２９５．１２％，Ｆ３９７．４３％。产绒量分别为２９０．０９±６２．１４ｇ，３４２．８０±７１．３９ｇ，４００．９５±７０．８５ｇ，分别比土种山羊提高８０．３２％，１１３．０９％，１４９．２４％。被毛中粗毛与绒毛的比例为６．４：３．６。绒毛细度Ｆ１１３．６５±２．５     

AA鸡感染E.tenella后某些血清生化指标变化的研究

23日龄AA鸡36只均分为3组。第1组和第2组分别经口感染E.tenella卵囊35万/只和7万/只，第3组为对照组。在感染前（0天）及感染后第5天和第8天对病鸡10项血清生化指标进行检测。结果如下：（1）血清葡萄糖含量在感染前后无显著差异。（2）总蛋白，白蛋白和甘油三酯含量在第5天显著降低；在第8天，前二者回升，后者继续下降，球蛋白含量在第5天和第8天均显著升高。（3）尿酸含量在第1组的第5天和第2组的第8天极显著升高，（4）天冬氨酸氨基转移酶和酸性磷酸酶活性在第5天均极显著降低。前者在第8天回升，后者在第8天继续显著下降。碱性磷酸酶在第5天升高后，在第8天又回落，胆碱酯酶活性在第1组的第5天极显著降低。在第8天又极显著升高；在第2组无明显变化。（5）绝大多数指标在第1组的变化幅度较第2组大，其中总蛋白和甘油三酯含量在两组间的差异达到显著水平。这些结果表明病鸡能量代谢出现大的调整，病理损伤程度与感染剂量有关。     

Association of Blood Lactate Concentration and Outcome in Foals

Background: Lactate concentration in blood or plasma ([LAC]) and change in [LAC] are associated with survival in sick foals. Hypothesis: [LAC] and change in [LAC] over time are associated with survival at 96 hours and discharge in neonatal foals. Furthermore [LAC] and change in [LAC] over time correlate with blood culture results and blood pressure at admission. Animals: Two hundred and twenty‐five foals consecutively admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Methods: Retrospective case review. Foals ≤30 days of age with [LAC] from arterial (190) or umbilical (35) blood gas analysis ([LAC]_BG) at admission, 24, and 48 hours. [LAC]_BG, blood pressure, blood culture status, and outcome (survival versus nonsurvival at 96 hours and discharge) were recorded. Change in [LAC]_BG over time ([LAC]_BGΔT) was calculated. Results: [LAC]_BG was lower in survivors (96 hours and discharge) at all times. [LAC]_BGΔT was larger for survivors (96 hours). Odds of survival (96 hours and discharge) decreased 18, 39, 53 and 22, 38, and 47%, respectively, at each sample time for every 1 mmol/L increment in [LAC]_BG and increased 156% for each 1.0/day increment in [LAC]_BGΔT from admission to 24 hours at 96 hours. Blood pressure and [LAC]_BG were not correlated (P= .196) until removal of selected foals (mean arterial pressure <60 mmHg, admission [LAC]_BG <5.5 mmol/L) (P < .001). Bacteremia was not associated with [LAC]_BG. Proposed admission [LAC]_BG cut‐points for future studies were 6.5 mmol/L (96 hours) and 5.5 mmol/L (discharge). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Prospective studies evaluating [LAC], [LAC]_BGΔT, and cut‐points in sick foals are warranted.     

高产奶牛血清镁含量分析

为调查南宁地区某奶牛场奶牛血清镁含量及其是否与该场奶牛蹄病有关,选取40头健康奶牛和46头蹄病奶牛,采用原子吸收分光光度法分析每头牛血清镁含量,结果表明全部被检牛血清镁平均含量为22.72±3.11mg/L;健康组与蹄病组奶牛血清镁含量分别为23.02±3.19mg/L和22.45±3.09mg/L,两组间差异不显著(P＞0.05).     

门源本地黄牛血钾浓度测定

采用火焰光度法对 40头门源县本地黄牛进行了血钾浓度测定 ,其血清钾浓度为 5 .5 2± 0 .82mmol L ,全血钾浓度为 8.90± 3.32mmol L ,红细胞钾浓度为 15 .5 2± 10 .2 5mmol L     

柴达木黄牛血钾浓度常值的测定

采用火焰光度法测定了德令哈地区柴达木黄牛９５份血样的血钾浓度常值，它们的平均全血钾浓度为８．４３±１．５１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ；红细胞钾浓度为１３．１±３．１３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ；血清钾浓度为５．１９±０．６７ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

Effects of Blood Contamination on Peritoneal D-Dimer Concentration in Horses with Colic

Background: Peritoneal D-Dimer concentration can be determined to assess peritoneal fibrinolysis activity in horses with gastrointestinal disorders. However, blood contamination of peritoneal fluid may occur during collection and could alter peritoneal D-Dimer concentration.
Hypothesis/Objectives: Blood contamination in peritoneal fluid does not affect interpretation of peritoneal D-Dimer concentration in horses with colic.
Animals: Thirty-four horses with colic and 4 healthy horses.
Methods: Peritoneal fluid and blood samples were simultaneously collected upon admission. Then, peritoneal fluid was serially contaminated with the horse's own blood; final contaminations corresponded to 1, 5, 10, and 20% of blood in peritoneal fluid. D-Dimer concentration was determined in blood, peritoneal fluid, and contaminated peritoneal fluid samples. Data were analyzed using a longitudinal linear model and a generalized estimating equations analysis to assess the quantitative and qualitative variations of the effect of blood contamination on peritoneal D-Dimer concentration.
Results: Peritoneal D-Dimer concentration was only quantitatively affected when peritoneal fluid was contaminated at 20% of blood. However, when using increasing cut-off values of peritoneal D-Dimer concentration (100, 2,000, 8,000, and 16,000 ng/mL), this effect disappeared at the highest cut-off values (8,000 and 16,000 ng/mL). When peritoneal fluid contamination was grouped as "minimally contaminated" (≤1% of blood) and "highly contaminated" (≥5% of blood), no significant differences on D-Dimer concentration between both groups at each cut-off value were observed.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Although quantitative results of peritoneal D-Dimer concentration could be affected by high levels of blood contamination (≥20%), interpretation of increased peritoneal fibrinolytic activity was not significantly affected.     

家兔血液F含量与有肌肉中微量元素相关性分析

给28只家兔分别灌服2mg/kg、5mg/kg、10mg/kg氟化钠溶液。2～3d实验家兔先后出现典型中毒症状 ,部分家兔在4d后开始死亡 ,用原子分光光度法连续测定不同剂量氟中毒家兔血液、肌肉中微量元素含量变化 ,结果表明 ,随家兔体内F含量的增加其血液、肌肉微量元素含量发生显著改变 ,其中血液中Zn和Fe均逐渐降低 (P<0.05,P<0.01) ,血Se、F则逐渐升高 (P<0.01) ,肌肉F含量显著高于对照组 ,并随着F含量的增加而增加 ,肌肉中Cu、Se、Zn含量与健康组织相比显著降低 (P<0.01,P<0.05) ,不同剂量差异不显著 ,而肌肉中Fe含量不显著。因此 ,家兔氟中毒时在一定程度上可影响血液和肌肉中微量元素的含量及其代谢机制 ,从而使机体出现一系列病理变化     

青海藏獒血液蛋白质和红细胞钾浓度多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法和火焰光度计法对２１条青海藏獒的血红蛋白，亲血蛋白和红细胞钾浓度的多态性进行了研究。结果表明：１．藏獒的血红蛋白呈单态，现显单一的ＨＢＢＢ型，基相对迁移率为３９．２９％；２．亲血色蛋白有ＨＰ＾＋和ＨＰＯ两种表型；其表型频率分别为０．９０４８和０．０９５２；（３）红细胞钾浓度呈现单一的低血钾型。     

Evaluation of Serum Electrolytes and Blood Lactate Concentration During Repeated Maximal Exercise in Horse

Modifications of some serum electrolyte concentration during two international *** show jumping competition performed in two consecutive weekends were evaluated. Serum sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and blood lactate on 14 well-trained Italian saddle horses were assessed. Blood samples were collected before the beginning of the competition (T0B), within 10 minutes after the end of race (R1, R2, and R3), and on the day after competition (T0R). The same procedure was followed on the second weekend (R4, R5, R6, and T1R). One-way repeated measures analysis of variance was applied on collected data, and a significant effect on sampling time (P < .05) on all parameters studied was found. These results suggest that serum electrolytes and blood lactate concentration are responsive to intense exercise and could be considered an important factor for a correct management training's planning.