Urban water supply and local neoliberalism in Tagbilaran City,the Philippines

The aim of this paper is to explore the processes and outcomes of neoliberalism in relation to urban water supply in the city of Tagbilaran, the Philippines, in order to provide a nuanced account of (an) actually existing hybrid neoliberal space. Using Bakker's typology of market environmentalist reforms in resource management as a guiding frame to link this case to a bigger ‘neoliberal’ conversation, I distinguish how reforms to resource governance at the national level, coupled with changes in the ways in which resource management institutions and resource management organisations function at the local level have acted to constitute local practices of neoliberal governance. Local articulations of (national and supranational) neoliberal and development discourses are revealed as a means for reconceptualising the role of the state and the emergence of new forms of hybrid governance in Tagbilaran. Analysis of the operation of BWUI, a public/private water utility, and the politics of privatisation/private sector participation enables a closer inspection of how water and water services are politicised and resisted by local publics.     

Blue Revolution or Red Herring? Fish Farming and Development Discourse in the Philippines

This paper argues that the discourses of development underpinning aquaculture as a development strategy are flawed because they neglect the impacts of fish farming on the local resource base and those social groups dependent upon it. The Philippine government has promoted aquaculture for over two decades, viewing it as a key component of national economic recovery. But field work in the Batan municipality of the Philippines reveals that the ‘common sense’ behind aquaculture is severely undermined when its effects on the physical environment and people in the vicinity of fishponds are examined.     

Young people's participation in Fiji: Merits,challenges and the way forward

Young people's participation is central to the attainment of meaningful governance systems. In Fiji, this is a challenge as the traditional view of young people's participation is restricted to that of ‘service’ and the precarious political environment restricting free expression. Despite these concerns, young people's participation and expression appear to be thriving in hybridised forms. This paper draws from conversations with a group of ‘active’ young people and discusses the merits and challenges of their participation in Fiji. As a nation, Fiji is at the threshold of a new socio‐political era, where young people are expected to play a significant role. This discussion offers an understanding of young people's participation in Fiji and draws attention to how they can be meaningfully supported as active citizens in the process of national development.     

Practices of place‐making: Globalisation and locality in the Philippines

Abstract: Global flows of people and information in the Asia–Pacific region are creating new forms of place that stretch across national boundaries and rural–urban distinctions. These new mobile forms of place link long‐inhabited rural areas to cities, national centres, and to rural frontiers within the nation. Here, we describe new forms of place that are being produced by contemporary migration and economic change, using data from the Philippines and applying Appadurai's theorisation of translocality. Our analysis links these flows of overseas migrants to concomitant processes of economic change, migration and new rural livelihoods. We outline changing practices of place within the Philippines, exploring ways that transnational migration can articulate with apparently ‘local’ development and the flow‐on effects from migration on the spatial patterns of rural livelihoods.     

Reinventing rural development in Vietnam: Discursive constructions of grassroots democracy during the renovation reform

Over the past decades Vietnam has seen striking efforts to reinvent the exercise of democratic rural development. Promotion of grassroots democracy, notably under the Grassroots Democracy Decree (GDD), has been an acute response by Communist Party and government to large scale unrest among the rural populace owing to dissatisfactions with a felt mismatch between espoused commitments to ‘good governance’ and its actual practice. Through evidence from field work, this paper assesses the implications of the GDD in the central and northern highlands, analyzing how the promotion of grassroots democracy is discursively constructed by rural development professionals. The results outline three dominant discourses, which center on their respective interests in liberalist democratization, improved efficiency in state renovation, and enhanced accountability in governing local policy ambiguities. It argues that ‘grassroots democracy’ is serving as a conceptual mediator, supporting learning between diverging interests associated with rural development and different ideological positions shrouding the notion of democracy itself. Yet, given the extent that discourses are reflective of how professionals relate to grassroots aspirations, grassroots movements, which originally ushered the Party and central government to pass the GDD, have a significant struggle ahead of them to affect concrete changes in professionals' practices.     

Worlding aspirations and resilient futures: Framings of risk and contemporary city‐making in Metro Cebu,the Philippines

In the Philippines, calls for creating ‘global’, ‘sustainable’ and ‘resilient’ cities are placing urban poor communities in increasingly precarious positions. These communities have long been the targets of urban development and ‘modernisation’ efforts; more recently the erasure of informal settlements from Philippine cities is being bolstered at the behest of climate change adaptation and disaster risk management (DRM) agendas. In Metro Cebu, flood management has been at the heart of DRM and broader urban development discussions, and is serving as justification for the demolition and displacement of informal settler communities in areas classed as ‘danger zones’. Using Kusno's (2010) interpretation of the ‘exemplary centre’ as a point of departure, this paper interrogates the relationship between DRM, worlding aspirations (Roy and Ong, 2011) and market‐oriented urbanisation in Cebu, and considers the socio‐spatial implications of these intersecting processes for urban poor communities. Through analysing the contradictions inherent in framings of certain bodies and spaces as being ‘of risk’ or ‘at risk’ over others, I argue that the epistemologies of modernity, disaster risk and resilience endorsed and propagated by the state are facilitating processes of displacement and dispossession that serve elite commercial interests under the auspices of disaster resilience and pro‐poor development.     

我国农业信息网站建设现状与发展对策

本文分析了国内农业信息网站发展现状,介绍了农业信息网站的栏目设计,讨论了农业信息网站主要存在的问题,并提出促进中国农业信息网站发展的几点意见。     

基于信息熵和灰色关联法的阿克苏地区建设用地动态变化研究

在城市化与工业化发展的背景下,建设用地进入快速扩张时期。为了加强阿克苏地区建设用地集约节约利用程度,合理进行土地资源配置。针对阿克苏地区土地利用特点,结合阿克苏地区2004-2013年土地利用现状调查和变更数据以及社会经济发展数据,采用土地利用结构信息熵判断阿克苏地区建设用地内部结构的有序性和均衡性,运用主成分分析法提取影响建设用地变化的外部因素,并将建设用地内部结构面积比例和外部因素与信息熵进行分别进行灰色关联分析。结果表明,阿克苏地区建设用地信息熵呈现波动性上升趋势,用地结构朝无序方向发展;建设用地外部影响因素中经济发展因素和耕地因素与信息熵呈现中度相关,是建设用地变化的主要推动力。     

中国农业信息系统应用现状及前景分析

从中国农业信息化发展战略、农业信息网络发展及应用现状、农业信息系统在中国农业上的应用情况及基本评价等方面,对中国农业信息系统的应用现状进行了多角度的分析,并在总结了当前发达国家农业信息系统发展热点的基础上,就中国国情下农业信息系统的发展方向及应用前景做了初步的分析预测。     

我国食品安全中存在的信息不对称及其对策探究

我国食品安全过程存在着因多头监管导致的"政府失灵"和由于信息不对称引起的"市场失灵"的问题。多头监管现状由于受体制限制,改革成本高,且短期内收效甚微。以解决信息不对称入手,提出从制定《食品安全指南》,出台《食品安全信息管理条例》,建立国家食品安全信息网,以及引入"吹哨法案"等解决"市场失灵"问题,以期市场本身能够为消费者提供安全、优质的食品。     

Access Technology for the Information Network in Intelligent Uptown and Its Applications

This paper presents the architecture of intelligent system in the uptown, summarizes the major techniques for access networks, discusses the main technical plans of access networks for the information network aimed at the intelligent uptowns under construction and constructed in the mainland of China.     

中国低碳发展公众参与现状研究 ——城乡公众参与差异分析

基于全国的随机抽样调查数据,对中国城市和农村公众低碳发展认知和行为的客观特征进行分析,结果发现：中国城乡公众在低碳发展认知,意愿和行为方面存在显著差异,并对这些差异的原因进行了探讨。最后针对城乡公众的不同特征,提出差异化政策建议。     

Security Condition and Countermeasures of the Information Integrated Platform in Manufacturing Enterprises

Information integrated platform in manufacturing enterprises is a kind of software and hardware platform which supports application development, application integration and system running in complex information environment. The information processing of enterprises relys on this platform. Due to the increasing number of computer security problems, much attention must be paid to the security of information-integrated platform in manufacturing enterprises. The current security condition of information-integrated platform in manufacturing enterprises is introduced and the related countermeasures is also produced. In order to ensure the security, the conclusion that secure management system should be combined with secure management techniques is drawed .     

Luxury seafood consumption in China and the intensification of coastal livelihoods in Southeast Asia: The live reef fish for food trade in Balabac,Philippines

An important contemporary driver of livelihood change in coastal Southeast Asia is the growing demand for luxury seafood in China. Based on fieldwork in the municipality of Balabac in Palawan province, western Philippines, this paper takes stock of this trend, and investigates the implications of the relationship between Chinese patterns of luxury seafood consumption and the intensification of coastal livelihoods in Southeast Asia. The paper focuses mostly on the trade in live reef fish, with reference also to sea cucumber and shark fin. In the light of recent discussions of social and environmental change in Southeast Asia, the paper addresses how the intensification of coastal livelihoods has manifested in important trends, including an increasing reliance on high‐value commodity fisheries such as the trade in luxury seafood. Important consequences of this intensification of coastal livelihoods include environmental degradation, and social change due to the development of broader trading networks. The paper argues that the live reef fish for food trade is an important contemporary livelihood that highlights the ways in which Chinese consumption is having diverse social and environmental consequences for source countries in Southeast Asia.     

Research on the Human Resource Management Information System in Colleges and Universities

This paper illustrates the existent of universities. Discussing the necessity for colleges issues in the traditional personnel management system in colleges and and universities to open out HRMIS, the paper puts forward the aims of soft development concerning HRM. According to the practice of the human resource management and exploitation in colleges and universities, the frame and functions and system implement of HRMIS founded on date-base based Web and E2Q business flat roof in universities are brought forward.     

Improved Information Value Model and Its Application in the Spatial Prediction of Landslides

Information Value Model is used frequently in domestic landslide hazard zonation prediction, which plays a very important role for land-use planning especially in mountain area. Through theoretical analysis, the prerequisite of Information Value Model which should be used with influence-factors independent from each other is studied. Factor Analysis is adopted to evaluate and eliminate the influence of correlation between influence-factors in spatial prediction of landslides which are showed through case study. Relationships between landslides and influence-factors are studied based on a certain watershed in which the Information Value Model and Factor Analysis are applied. The probability of landslides changes regularly with the influence-factors, and based on which a method for the discretization of influence-factors is advised. The distribution of landslide susceptibility of above watershed is calculated and validated based on the area-ratio index with landslides occurring in nearly 5 years, which proves the credibility of Information Value Model.     

Development and Application of the Modelbase in Water Pollution Control Planning Geographic Information System

Modelbase(MB) takes an important role in Water Pollution Control Planning Geographic Information System(WPCPGIS),which endows the system with functions of water environmental simulation,data analysis,predicting,and providing feasible advices.Modelbase(MB) is the focus of this paper,with VB as the programme language,GeoMedia as the system developing platform and Microsoft Access as the database software.At the same time,the WPCPGIS Modelbase is applied in the water pollution control planning of Daxi River in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region,the water environment system relatively is simulated well,provicling planning-maker and decision-maker numerous useful informations:the distribution of pollution source,the situation of water quality,the environmental capacity of water,the situation of water quality in designing year,etc.The result of Modelbase can also be visually displayed in the digital map of GIS,therefore WPCPGIS can be directly applied to the decision-making of Water Pollution Control Planning.     

基于信息扩散方法的秦岭北麓汛期暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估

为了科学支撑秦岭北麓休闲旅游区的防灾减灾工作,利用秦岭北麓22个测站1976—2010年汛期（5—10月）的逐日降水资料资料,采用距平分析、Mann-Kendall检验以及基于信息扩散的模糊数学方法对秦岭北麓汛期暴雨洪涝进行了气候变化特征分析及灾害风险评估。结果表明：秦岭北麓各站汛期降水及暴雨频次地区差异很大,均呈南多北少分布,大值中心位于陕南中南部地区;1980—1989年为秦岭北麓汛期降水及暴雨频次偏多期,1990—1999年为偏少期,进入2000年以来较1990—1999年有明显增长,汛期区域降水及暴雨总数分别在1989年及1991年出现突变性下降;随着暴雨及洪涝风险水平的增加,灾害出现的概率随之减小,汛期秦岭北麓遭受洪涝及暴雨灾害的风险从北向南逐渐增加,灾害风险高值区主要位于汉中北部及安康西部地区。     

高等院校科研管理信息化体系构建的分析与研究

科研管理信息化体系建设是实现高等教育信息化的重要组成部分,是提升高校科研水平的重要保障和必备载体。本文在系统分析建立高等院校科研管理信息化体系的重要意义和必要性基础上,着重阐述和研究了科研管理信息化体系的基础设施系统、核心主体系统以及辅助服务系统等三大框架系统的构成、内容、功能及其子系统之间的关联性。并对当前高等院校在科研管理信息化系统构建过程中存在的主要问题、主要矛盾及其解决方案和应对策略进行了细述和分析。本研究对高等院校实施科研管理信息化具有借鉴和参考价值。     

县域水稻精确施肥地理信息系统研究与开发——以姜堰市为例

针对生产上重施氮肥现象普遍存在,且缺少定量施肥决策信息技术支撑问题,基于Visual Basic 6.0与MapObjects 2.2开发出县域水稻精确施肥地理信息系统。该系统具有电子地图、施肥决策、施肥知识等模块,可实现信息浏览、地图导航、属性查询、决策支持、学习辅导等功能。系统具有功能可用性、可靠性、易用性强等特点,达到系统设计目标。