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剂量控制是迷向技术防控梨小食心虫的关键,本文通过田间试验研究了新型材料装置固体迷向丝和高剂量自动信息素喷施系统对梨园梨小食心虫的防治效果和持效期,以期探讨新型材料和释放技术在害虫迷向中的应用。结果表明,性信息素在傍晚18:00―20:00对梨小食心虫的诱捕量占全天的93.7%,田间虫量监测以绿色粘胶诱捕器效果较好。常规化学防治处理区对梨小食心虫的平均诱蛾量为42.13头,平均蛀果率为2.64%,相对于常规化学防治处理区,新型材料固体迷向丝、高剂量自动信息素喷施系统处理区平均诱蛾量分别为1.00头、5.31头,对成虫的迷向率分别为91.84%~100%、70.86%~98.25%,平均为97.96%、91.41%,平均蛀果率分别为0.81%、0.95%,在8月采果期的蛀果防治效果分别达85.79%、77.16%,防控持效期可达6个月以上。 相似文献
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性信息素是昆虫两性通讯的化学信号, 在物种繁衍中担当着重要的角色。以性信息素为基础的害虫诱杀和交配干扰等防治手段具有灵敏度高、选择性强、对天敌安全、不污染环境等优点, 在害虫综合治理和绿色防控体系应用中深受青睐。棉铃虫 Helicoverpa armigera 是一种世界性农业害虫, 具有适应能力强和寄主广泛的特点, 条件适宜时常大面积暴发成灾。以棉铃虫为代表的醛类性信息素的生物合成和调控过程, 是目前研究较早也较为透彻的一类性信息素。本研究概述了棉铃虫性信息素的组分和功能, 生物合成时的信号转导途径和调控机制, 以及性信息素前体的生成和特异性组分的碳链修饰过程, 并总结了当前研究的不足, 旨在为今后的基础研究和生产应用提供指导。 相似文献
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在张家口地区越冬代亚洲玉米螟交配场所(小麦和大蒜田)用合成性信息素干扰螟蛾交配。试验结果证明:减少了玉米田内第一代种群的发生量。每公顷使用150~750mg,对螟蛾交尾的定向抑制率分别达到93.2~100%,交配抑制率分别为47.8~85.8%。每公顷600~750mg、每个散发器0.1~0.4mg的4个处理和每公顷450mg、4500个散发器的处理,交配抑制率高达79.3~85.8%,并取得百株卵量减少77.6~89.3%,以及百株蛀孔减少74.5~85.6%的防治效果。 相似文献
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An electronically controlled aerosol system for mating disruption was evaluated against Epiphyas postvittana Walker in apple orchards in New Zealand. The area in which male moths were affected by the aerosol system was examined using catches in traps radiating from a central single-point source of either one aerosol can dispenser or 100 polyethylene tubing dispensers, compared with catches in orchard plots without pheromone dispensers. Both pheromone dispensing systems decreased moth catch to similar levels at 5-10 m from the central release point, but there was 5.5-fold more pheromone released from aerosol cans than from polyethylene dispensers over a 24 h period. Trap catches were reduced by about 90% in plots treated with either five aerosol cans per hectare or uniform deployment of polyethylene dispensers. Recordings of electroantennograms in open grassed plots and orchards indicated that the treated cotton pad of an aerosol dispenser and a point source of 100 polyethylene tubing dispensers produced similar electroantennogram recordings. Electroantennogram recordings provided evidence that pheromone plume detection from a single-point source was maintained over a range of 5-40 m downwind in the orchard. On present evidence, aerosol pheromone dispensers could not be recommended for further testing towards control of E. postvittana under New Zealand conditions owing to their higher cost of purchase and operation. 相似文献
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蓟马是缨翅目昆虫的统称,虫体微小,多数为植食性,以锉吸式口器刺吸植物为害。蓟马繁殖力强,世代重叠严重,暴发频次高,是重要的农林害虫类群之一。蓟马为害行为和其信息素以及相关的嗅觉行为密切相关。本文分别从蓟马信息素的种类、触角的感受机制及信息素在防治中的应用等几个方面进行了综述,并对蓟马综合防治的应用前景进行了展望,以期在蓟马的综合防治中提供理论依据与指导。 相似文献
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家白蚁跟踪信息素类似物及其利用研究 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
笔者从1988年起开展了家白蚁跟踪信息素似物及其利用的研究,根据家白蚁具有跟踪行为,觅食蚁群不断往返于食物源与巢穴的习性及家白蚁之间互相吮舐和工蚁以其反呕的食物喂蚁王、后的特点,经多年研究,我们筛选出对家白蚁具有很强跟踪活性的F88菌,研究成家白蚁喜食的F88诱杀块,实验证明杀灭家白蚁效果显著。 相似文献
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葡萄透翅蛾的习性与防治策略探讨 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
葡萄透翅蛾足1年发生1代,一生只交配1次。其羽化、求偶、交配、产卵、孵化等生理活动都在白昼进行。初孵幼虫在孵化后2小时左右蛀入葡萄嫩茎,此后在茎内生长、越冬、化蛹直至羽化,防治困难,是葡萄生产的大患。本文根据葡萄透翅蛾习性特点,提出运用性引诱剂测报蛾情、抑制交配,把幼虫消灭在发生或为害之前的策略。 相似文献
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P. L. Coates 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):448-452
Abstract Unpared banana corms were dipped in 300 ppm Nemacur P* for 10 min, 600 ppm for 5 min, and 1200 ppm for 5 s. Pared corms were dipped in 600 ppm for 5 min. Plants from pared corms were slower in growth and gave lower yields than plants from unpared corms. Retardation of growth was observed in plants from corms dipped in 300 ppm for 10 min, and from treated, pared corms, suggesting phytotoxic effects of Nemacur P at these rates of application. No phytotoxic effects were noted in the 600 ppm dip of unpared corms, or with the 1200 ppm dip. The 1200 ppm dip, and 600 ppm dip of pared corms were not effective in controlling nematodes. Best nematode control was obtained from dipping unpared corms in 600 ppm Nemacur P. 相似文献
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棉田斜纹夜蛾性引诱剂诱捕器的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用废弃的可乐瓶制作而成的诱捕器,可以诱杀斜纹夜蛾等害虫的成虫,但以诱芯置于盖板与诱捕器口之间为好。当在诱捕器器口处诱芯上方设置“一”字形挡板时,其诱捕效果显著提高,其中诱蛾量比不设挡板和设“+”字形挡板的高出1倍以上,诱蛾灵敏度高出35%以上。 相似文献