共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Aparana Srivastava Sonali Trivedi Sunil Kumar Krishna H. N. Verma Vivek Prasad 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,123(2):241-246
CAP-34, a protein from Clerodendrum aculeatum inducing systemic antiviral resistance was evaluated for control of Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) infection in Carica papaya. In control plants (treated with CAP-34 extraction buffer) systemic mosaic became visible around 20 days that intensified
up to 30 days in 56% plants. During this period, CAP-34-treated papaya did not show any symptoms. Between 30 and 60 days,
95% control plants exhibited symptoms ranging from mosaic to filiformy. In the treated set during the same period, symptoms
appeared in only 10% plants, but were restricted to mild mosaic. Presence of PRSV was determined in induced-resistant papaya
at the respective observation times by bioassay, plate ELISA, immunoblot and RT-PCR. Back-inoculation with sap from inoculated
resistant plants onto Chenopodium quinoa did not show presence of virus. The difference between control and treated sets was also evident in plate-ELISA and immunoblot
using antiserum raised against PRSV. PRSV RNA was not detectable in treated plants that did not show symptoms by RT-PCR. Control
plants at the same time showed a high intensity band similar to the positive control. We therefore suggest that the absence/delayed
appearance of symptoms in treated plants could be due to suppressed virus replication. 相似文献
2.
Masamichi Isogai Koji Ishii Seisaku Umemoto Manabu Watanabe Nobuyuki Yoshikawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(2):140-143
Virus-like symptoms—red ringspots on stems and leaves, circular blotches or pale spots on fruit—were found on commercial highbush
blueberry (Vaccinium
corymbosum) cultivars Blueray, Weymouth, Duke and Sierra in Japan. In PCR testing, single DNA fragments were amplified from total nucleic
acid samples of the diseased blueberry bushes using primers specific to Blueberry red ringspot virus (BRRV). Sequencing analysis of the amplified products revealed 95.7–97.7% nucleotide sequence identity with the BRRV genome.
This paper is the first report of blueberry red ringspot disease caused by BRRV in Japan.
The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ database as accessions AB469884
to AB469893 for BRRV isolates from Japan. 相似文献
3.
M. Kavino S. K. Manoranjitham 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,151(2):371-387
Compared to conventional planting material, micropropagated plantlets are highly susceptible to Fusarium wilt because they are free from beneficial root inhabitants. We aimed to introduce mixtures of beneficial microbes in the plantlets in the rooting medium under in vitro conditions rather than by field applications. Endophytes and rhizobacteria from different banana cultivars and plantation areas were screened and characterized. Under in vitro conditions, banana tissue culture plantlets were bacterized with the prospective endophytes, Bacillus subtilis strain EPB56 and EPB10 and the rhizobacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Pf1 and effects of in vitro bacterization were investigated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 under glasshouse and field conditions. Inoculation of bananas during micropropagation allowed for the omission of minerals and salts as well as vitamins from the growing media while resulting in plantlets close to double size compared to the controls with full strength media. All endophyte and rhizobacteria strains tested resulted in significant reductions in Fusarium infection in the glasshouse and field and in significantly better plant growth. The three-way combination of bacteria resulted in 78% disease reduction and more than doubled the yields compared to the untreated controls across two field experiments. Three-way inoculation led to yields of 23 and 24 kg/ bunch compared to chemical disease control (13; 15 kg/bunch) and untreated controls (10; 13 kg/bunch) in the two field experiments. Under glasshouse conditions, activity of defence enzymes was significantly increased by all inoculation treatments. Inoculation in vitro led to the establishment of the microorganisms in the plant system before delivering to the farming community. Micropropagation combined with the establishment of a beneficial microbial consortium should complement the micropropagated plants for easier adaptation under field conditions. 相似文献
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5.
A strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-D8) systemically infects Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus), but the Y strain of CMV (CMV-Y) only infects the inoculated leaves. Both of these strains cause severe systemic mosaic on
the plants after dual infection with Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Synergistic interactions on long-distance transport of CMV-Y and CMV-D8 with TuMV were analyzed using an immunobinding
assay. Direct tissue blots probed with either anti-CMV-Y or anti-TuMV antiserum clearly showed that CMV-Y efficiently spread
and accumulated in the tissues of noninoculated upper leaves and roots when co-inoculated with TuMV, and that long-distance
movement of CMV-D8 was enhanced by the presence of TuMV.
Received 16 September 1999/ Accepted in revised form 5 February 2000 相似文献
6.
7.
Mona Rabie Claudio Ratti Matteo Calassanzio Engy Abdel Aleem Faiza Aref Fattouh 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,149(1):219-225
Four Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) (CMV-HM 1–4) and nine Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) (ToMV AH 1–9) isolates detected in tomato samples collected from different governorates in Egypt during 2014, were here characterized. According to the coat protein gene sequence and to the complete nucleotide sequence of total genomic RNA1, RNA2 and RNA3 of CMV-HM3 the new Egyptian isolates are related to members of the CMV subgroup IB. The nine ToMV Egyptian isolates were characterized by sequence analysis of the coat protein and the movement protein genes. All isolates were grouped within the same branch and showed high relatedness to all considered isolates (98–99%). Complete nucleotide sequence of total genomic RNA of ToMV AH4 isolate was obtained and its comparison showed a closer degree of relatedness to isolate 99–1 from the USA (99%). To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV isolates from subgroup IB in Egypt and the first full length sequencing of an ToMV Egyptian isolate. 相似文献
8.
Abhinav Aeron R. C. Dubey D. K. Maheshwari Piyush Pandey Vivek K. Bajpai Sun Chul Kang 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,131(1):81-93
PGPR strain Pseudomonas fluorescens PS1 was evaluated to formulate carrier based bioformulations. The viability of P. fluorescens PS1 was monitored at different time intervals during the period of storage at room temperature in different carriers such
as soil, charcoal, sawdust and sawdust-soil. Sawdust-soil was found to be the most efficient carrier material for P. fluorescens PS1 followed by other carriers. After 1 year of storage, P. fluorescens PS1 was re-isolated and assayed for its antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum a phytopathogenic fungus causing stem blight in Indian mustard, Brassica campestris. Results of scanning electron microscopy exhibited that P. fluorescens PS1 caused morphological alteration in mycelia of S. sclerotiorum as evident by hyphal perforation, and fragmented lysis. Seed bacterization of B. campestris with P. fluorescens PS1 induced enhanced seed germination, increased overall plant growth as well as reduced stem blight in mustard with improved
yield. These findings demonstrate that P. fluorescens PS1 has significant potential to raise disease-free crops due to the presence of a wide array of PGP characteristics. 相似文献
9.
The genomic fragments of two open reading frames (ORFs) 1 and 2 of German and Canadian PAV isolates of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) were sequenced. Sequences only slightly differed from previously published sequences of this virus. Two polyclonal antisera against proteins encoded by ORFs 1 and 2 of a German ASL-1 isolate were developed using recombinant antigens expressed in E. coli as a fusion either to His6− or thioredoxin-tags. In Western blot analysis with total protein extracts from BYDV infected plants, antisera efficiently recognized the 99 kDa fusion protein expressed from ORF1 and ORF2 (P1–P2 protein). Later in infection the P1–P2 protein disappeared and two smaller proteins, revealing sizes of 39 and 60 kDa, could be detected. 相似文献
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11.
Geraniums (Pelargonium spp.) are traditional ornamental plants largely cultivated in Europe and northern America. Vegetative propagation makes them prone to viral infections, which have detrimental effects on crop production and quality. Asymptomatic samples collected in Spain were tested for a range of viruses using ELISA. The tobamovirus, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the cucumovirus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and several viruses in the family Tombusviridae, namely, Pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV), Pelargonium flower break virus (PFBV), and Pelargonium leaf curl virus (PLCV), were detected either singly or in combination in 59.2% of 800 samples. PLPV and PFBV infections were confirmed by dot-blot hybridisation. The most relevant viral infection found on Spanish asymptomatic geraniums was by Pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV). Symptoms did not develop for 3 years on most of the PLPV infected geranium plants under greenhouse conditions. 相似文献
12.
You-Xiu Zheng Bing-Nan Shen Ching-Chung Chen Fuh-Jyh Jan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,128(1):1-5
A new disorder exhibiting flower crinkle on Phalaenopsis orchids bearing white flowers has been observed in Taiwan, China and Japan for several years. This disorder decreased the
flower longevity and was considered as a physiological syndrome. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize
the real causal agent of this new Phalaenopsis disorder. Five plants of Phalaenopsis hybrids “V3” (Phal. Yukimai × Phal. Taisuco Kochdian) with flower crinkle symptoms were collected and tested by enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay with antisera against 18 viruses. The extract of leaves and flowers from one diseased plant (96-Ph-16)
reacted positively only to antiserum against Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV), while those from the other four plants (96-Ph-7, 96-Ph-17, 96-Ph-18 and 96-Ph-19) reacted positively to the antisera
against ORSV and Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV). Five ORSV isolates, one each from flowers of those five diseased Phalaenopsis orchids, were established in Chenopodium quinoa. A CymMV culture was isolated from the flowers of one of the ORSV/CymMV mix-infected Phalaenopsis orchids (96-Ph-19). To determine the causal agent of the flower crinkle disease, healthy Phalaenopsis seedlings were singly or doubly inoculated with the isolated ORSV and/or CymMV. Results of back inoculation indicated that
ORSV is the sole causal agent of the crinkle symptom on petals of Phalaenopsis orchid. The CP gene of the ORSV isolates from this study shared 97.3–100% nucleotide identity and 96.2–100% amino acid identity
with those of 41 ORSV isolates available in GenBank. This is the first report demonstrating ORSV as the sole virus causing
flower crinkle disease on Phalaenopsis orchids. 相似文献
13.
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was isolated from a mosaic diseased plant of Eucharis grandiflora. The virus caused mosaic symptoms on leaves and slight distortion of flower petals in E. grandiflora by either mechanical or aphid inoculation. The virus was identified as a strain of CMV subgroup I from its biological and serological characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Organic management of soils is generally considered to reduce the incidence and severity of plant diseases caused by soil-borne
pathogens. In this study, take-all severity on roots of barley and wheat, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, was significantly lower in organically-managed than in conventionally-managed soils. This effect was more pronounced on
roots of barley and wheat plants grown in a sandy soil compared to a loamy organically-managed soil. Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. and in particular phlD+ pseudomonads, key factors in the take-all decline phenomenon, were represented at lower population densities in organically-managed
soils compared to conventionally-managed soils. Furthermore, organic management adversely affected the initial establishment
of introduced phlD+ P. fluorescens strain Pf32-gfp, but not its survival. In spite of its equal survival rate in organically- and conventionally-managed soils, the efficacy
of biocontrol of take-all disease by introduced strain Pf32-gfp was significantly stronger in conventionally-managed soils than in organically-managed soils. Collectively, these results
suggest that phlD+ Pseudomonas spp. do not play a critical role in the take-all suppressiveness of the soils included in this study. Consequently, the role
of more general mechanisms involved in take-all suppressiveness in the organically-managed soils was investigated. The higher
microbial activity found in the organically-managed sandy soil combined with the significantly lower take-all severity suggest
that microbial activity plays, at least in part, a role in the take-all suppressiveness in the organically-managed sandy soil.
The significantly different bacterial composition, determined by DGGE analysis, in organically-managed sandy soils compared
to the conventionally-managed sandy soils, point to a possible additional role of specific bacterial genera that limit the
growth or activity of the take-all pathogen. 相似文献
15.
Igor Koloniuk Josef Špak Karel Petrzik 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,122(3):447-450
The nucleotide sequence of the 3′-terminal part of the RNA1 genome segment of the M12 isolate of comovirus Turnip ringspot virus (TuRSV) was established. This isolate originated in 1989 in Moscow (Russia) from Chinese cabbage with Radish mosaic virus-like symptoms. Comparison of the M12 RNA polymerase amino acid sequence with that of Radish mosaic virus (RaMV) revealed
significant differences; these proteins are of different length and are only about 75% identical. On the other hand, the amino
acid sequence of the M12 RNA polymerase was more than 94% identical with that of TuRSV recently described in Toledo (USA).
We conclude that TuRSV occurs in Europe as well as in America and probably represents a new species of the genus Comovirus. 相似文献
16.
The mechanism by which Fusarium diseases of cymbidium plants are suppressed by a weakly virulent strain HPF-1 of Fusarium sp. was studied. Strain HPF-1 produced microscopic, necrotic local lesions on cymbidium leaves, causing minor damage to palisade tissues at the infection sites. This weakly virulent strain remained near the site of infection and did not develop further. It systemically and nonselectively suppressed some diseases of cymbidium such as yellow spot of leaves caused by Fusarium proliferatum and F. fractiflexum, bulb and root rot caused by F. oxysporum, and dry rot of bulbs and roots caused by F. solani. Because endogenous salicylic acid levels increased in cymbidium leaves inoculated with strain HPF-1, the mechanism of disease suppression is thought to be systemic acquired resistance. 相似文献
17.
Carla M. R. Varanda Marta S. M. R. Silva Maria do Rosário F. Félix Maria Ivone E. Clara 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,130(2):165-172
Transmission of three strains of OMMV by an Olpidium sp. was evaluated and compared. The three strains were 1) an OMMV wild type (WT) recovered from olive trees, 2) an OMMV variant
(L11) obtained after 15 serial passages of single local lesions induced in Chenopodium murale plants, and 3) a construct OMMV/OMMVL11 in which the coat protein (CP) gene replaced that of the wild type. A single-sporangial
culture derived from Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) used as a bait plant grown in soil of an olive orchard, was identified as Olpidium brassicae based on the size and sequence of the generated amplicon in PCR specific tests. Each of the three virus strains was soil
transmitted to cabbage roots in the absence of the fungus at similar rates of 30 to 40%. Separate plant inoculation by O. brassicae zoospores incubated with each viral strain resulted in enhanced transmission of OMMV, reaching 86% of infection whereas that
of the other two strains remained practically unaffected at ca. 34%. Binding assays showed that the amount of virus bound to zoospores, estimated spectrophotometrically, was 7% in the
case of OMMV, and practically nil in the case of the other two viral strains. Substitution of the coat protein (CP) gene of
OMMV by that of the OMMV L11 strain, drastically reduced viral transmissibility in the presence of zoospores to the level
of that observed in their absence. Our data shows that OMMV soil transmission is greatly enhanced by O. brassicae zoospores and that the viral CP plays a significant role in this process, most likely by facilitating virus binding and later
entrance into the host plant roots. 相似文献
18.
Khalid Pervaiz Akhtar Muhmmad Yussouf Saleem Muhammad Asghar Mushtaq Ahmad Nighat Sarwar 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,128(4):435-450
Sixty-nine tomato genotypes representing nine Solanum species were evaluated for resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) subgroup IA and its aphid vector Myzus persicae. Resistance was assessed by visual scoring of symptoms in the field under natural conditions, and in the greenhouse by artificial
inoculations through aphid M. persicae and mechanical transmissions in the year 2007 and 2009. Considerable variation in responses was observed among the evaluation
methods used. Field evaluations were found liable to errors as different levels were observed for the same genotypes in the
different years, however mechanical inoculation was found to be the most useful in identifying CMV subgroup IA resistance,
in contrast aphid transmission was most useful in identifying insect transmission resistance. All genotypes observed as highly
resistant to CMV subgroup IA in the field or through vector transmission became systemically infected through mechanical inoculations.
Using mechanical inoculation, six genotypes (TMS-1 of S. lycopersicum, LA1963 and L06049 of S. chilense, LA1353, L06145 and L06223 of S. habrochaites) were found resistant and another six (L06188 and L06238 of S. neorickii, L06219 of S. habrochaites, L05763, L05776 and L06240 of S. pennellii) were found tolerant showing mild symptoms with severity index (SI) ranging 1-2 and with delayed disease development after
a latent period (LP) of 18–30 days. However, these genotypes were found to be resistant to highly resistant in the field and
through inoculation by M. persicae; and they also supported low population levels of M. persicae except TMS-1. Another nine genotypes (LA2184 of S. pimpinellifolium L., LA2727 of S. neorickii, LA0111, L06221, L06127 and L06231 of S. peruvianum L., LA1306, L06057 and L06208 of S. chmielewskii) showing a susceptible response after mechanical inoculation were highly resistant, resistant and tolerant after M. persicae transmission. The resistant genotypes, identified in the present study can be exploited in the breeding programmes aimed
at developing tomato varieties resistant to CMV subgroup IA and broadening the genetic base of CMV-resistant germplasm. The
differences observed between mechanical and aphid transmission suggests that one should consider both evaluation methods for
tomato germplasm screening against CMV subgroup IA. 相似文献
19.