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1.
为研究犊牛部分组织中小肽转运体(proton-dependent oligopeptide transporters,POTs) (PepT1、PepT2、PHT1、PHT2) mRNA的表达,试验选用4头3月龄的中国荷斯坦犊牛进行屠宰,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法来定量组织中小肽转运蛋白表达水平。结果表明,犊牛PepT1 mRNA在瘤胃中表达丰度极显著高于心脏和肌肉(P<0.01);犊牛PepT2 mRNA在肝脏和肾脏中表达丰度极显著高于心脏、脾脏、胸腺、肌肉、瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃(P<0.01);犊牛PHT1 mRNA在肺脏和脾脏中表达丰度极显著高于心脏和肌肉(P<0.01);犊牛PHT2 mRNA在肺脏和胸腺中表达丰度显著高于心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、肌肉、瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃(P<0.05)。综上所述,PepT1、PepT2、PHT1、PHT2 mRNA分别在犊牛瘤胃、肾脏和肝脏、脾脏和肺脏、肺脏和胸腺中表达量最高。  相似文献   

2.
小肽转运载体(PepT1和PepT2)研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
范淳  陈代文  余冰  杨玫 《饲料工业》2007,28(1):11-15
由小肽转运载体介导的小肽吸收对动物的生长和发育有着特殊的作用,因此,对小肽转运载体的深入研究在生理、药理和临床上都有着非常重要的意义。文中主要从小肽转运载体(PepT1和PepT2)的蛋白质分子结构与功能、主要的组织分布和影响其活性的因素三方面进行简要综述。  相似文献   

3.
本试验通过十二指肠大豆小肽梯度灌注,旨在研究不同水平的小肽对泌乳中期奶山羊乳成分、血液生化指标、激素水平及小肠肽转运载体(PepT1)表达活性的影响.试验选用12只平均体重为(38±2)kg、带有十二指肠瘘管的泌乳奶山羊,分成4组,分别灌注小肽0、60、120、180 g/d,试验日粮相同,连续灌注14 d.结果表明:通过小肽的灌注,(1)增加了乳蛋白产量(P<0.05),乳蛋白含量也有所增加,但仅在120 g/d试验组差异显著(P<0.05).乳脂产量与乳脂含量随着灌注量的升高呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05).乳中尿素氮含量随着灌注量的升高而增加(P<0.05);(2)血清中总蛋白和球蛋白含量均高于对照组,但仅在120 g/d试验组差异显著(P<0.05).白蛋白含量反而较对照组相比有所降低(P<0.05),尿素氮的含量显著升高(P<0.05).血清中生长激素浓度随着大豆小肽灌注量的增加而升高(P<0.05),胰岛素浓度也表现出增加趋势,但只有在180 g/d试验组差异显著(P<0.05);(3)PepT1表达在十二指肠、空肠、回肠随着灌注量的增加而升高.小肽灌注组PepT1在十二指肠表达丰度分别是对照组的1.6、2.6、5.4倍;回肠表达丰度是对照组的1.1、1.4、3.3倍;在空肠中表达是对照组的1.1、1.8、2.4倍.随着灌注量的增加,PepT1在十二指肠表达的增加尤为显著,在180 g/d试验组,PepT1十二指肠表达量分别为空肠、回肠的1.5、1.6倍.本研究揭示,小肽的灌注可以提高PepT1表达活性,增加小肽吸收,促进乳蛋白合成,并在120 g/d试验组表现尤为显著.  相似文献   

4.
小肽转运载体1的生物学特性及其功能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
小肽转运载体1(PepT1)是H+/肽偶联的转运载体.该载体通过利用肠腔到肠细胞的质子梯度来转运二肽和三肽.PepT1对游离氨基酸、多肽在动物肠道内的转运调控具有重要作用.本文综述了PepT1的分类、生物学特征及功能,并探讨了影响PepT1活性调控的因素.  相似文献   

5.
肠道小肽吸收利用机制及其营养功能   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
小肽是动物降解蛋白质过程中的中间产物,是由2个或2个以上的氨基酸以肽键相连的化合物,其吸收在总饲粮蛋白质的吸收中有重要作用。本文综述肠道对小肽的吸收利用及其调控机制,肠道小肽感应与胃肠激素分泌和摄食调控,肠道小肽利用对肠道健康的调控,以及小肽在动物营养中的应用。  相似文献   

6.
随着动物营养学研究的发展,蛋白质营养的研究也在逐步深入,由原来的粗蛋白营养发展到氨基酸营养,进一步发展到现在的小肽营养。本文就小肽的吸收、转运、营养及其在动物生产中的应用,以及目前小肽研究领域中存在的问题等方面进行阐述。  相似文献   

7.
随机抽取利木赞×互助黄牛、夏洛来×互助黄牛、西门塔尔×互助黄牛杂交一代( F1)以及互助黄牛各 30头 ,于 0~ 2 1月龄进行育肥增重对比试验。结果表明 :( 1 )利互、夏互、西互 F1代牛在体型外貌方面基本表现父本的特点 ,且体高 ,体长胸围等体尺增长幅度大 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;( 2 )在当地农村饲养管理条件下 ,利互、夏互、西互 F1代牛各月龄平均增重均高于同龄互助黄牛 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ;( 3)经 90 d肥育、屠宰试验 ,利互、夏互、西互的净肉率分别提高了 1 2 .2 9、8.90和 5 .60个百分点 ( P<0 .0 5 )。  相似文献   

8.
本试验旨在研究爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡肠道小肽转运载体1(PepT1)、B0系统中性氨基酸转运载体(B0AT)、兴奋性氨基酸转运载体3(EAA T3)mRNA的表达差异与发育规律.试验选取1日龄雄性AA肉仔鸡120只,随机分为8个组,于1、7、14、21、28、35、42日龄,每个组选取1只肉仔鸡,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测不同肠段Pep T1、B0AT、EAAT3 mRNA的相对表达量.结果显示:1)肉仔鸡不同肠段PepT1、B0AT、EAAT3 mRNA的相对表达量差异显著(P<0.05).其中,PepT1 mRNA的相对表达量在十二指肠最高,空肠次之,回肠最低,B0AT、EAA T3mRNA的相对表达量在回肠最高,空肠次之,十二指肠最低.2)肉仔鸡不同日龄Pep T1、B0AT、EAAT3 mRNA的相对表达量存在极差异显著(P<0.01);在不同肠段上,PepT1、B0AT、EAA T3mRNA的相对表达量随日龄的变化均表现为前期升高,后期平稳的趋势.由此可见,肉仔鸡肠道参与小肽及氨基酸吸收的转运载体PepT1、B0AT、EAAT3 mRNA表达具有肠段及日龄的差异性.  相似文献   

9.
肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA表达的肠段差异性与发育性变化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
选用遗传背景相同的1日龄父母代雄性Arbor Acre(AA)鸡和父母代雄性岭南黄肉雏鸡各120羽,采用相对定量RT-PCR方法,以30 d时岭南黄鸡肠道样品为模板,研究肉鸡肠道寡肽转运载体1(Peptide transporter 1,PepT1)mRNA表达的肠段差异性;以AA肉鸡和岭南黄鸡十二指肠和空肠样品为模板,研究不同品种肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA表达的发育性变化。结果显示:(1)岭南黄肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA的表达丰度从十二指肠、空肠、回肠到结直肠依次降低,其中十二指肠显著高于结直肠(P<0.05);(2)AA鸡和岭南黄肉鸡PepT1 mRNA在十二指肠及空肠中的表达具有相同的发育模式,16 d表达丰度最高,16~44 d逐渐下降,58 d略微回升;不同基因型之间PepT1 mRNA丰度比较,AA鸡和岭南黄肉鸡两品种间PepT1 mRNA的表达没有显著差异(P>0.05)。以上结果说明:(1)随着肠道空间位置的后移,岭南黄肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA的表达丰度逐渐降低,其中十二指肠的表达丰度显著高于结直肠(P<0.05);(2)不同品种肉鸡十二指肠及空肠PepT1 mRNA的表达具有相同的发育模式,且同日龄两品种间的表达丰度未见明显差异,表明PepT1 mRNA表达受到发育阶段的调控,但品种间具有稳定性。  相似文献   

10.
代乳粉用于早期断奶犊牛的效果研究   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
犊牛使用代乳品可以节省鲜奶,降低饲养成本,控制疾病的发生,促进消化系统的发育。试验用24头犊牛做试验,60日龄断奶。结果表明,代乳品组犊牛增重47.55千克;对照组增重41.72千克;吃代乳品的犊牛在30-60日龄的日增重达到1026克,高于对照组103克。吃代乳品的犊牛每增重1千克的直接饲料成本为15.13元,比鲜奶组犊牛低2.14元/千克。  相似文献   

11.
    
From numerous recent studies, it has been demonstrated that the development of the forestomach system in ruminants and thus microbial carbohydrate fermentation do not exclude the potential of the small intestines for enzymatic carbohydrate digestion and subsequent monosaccharide absorption. However, the role of regulatory nutritional factors is still under discussion. Therefore, we investigated the kinetic parameters of intestinal Na+‐dependent glucose absorption and SGLT1 expression using isolated brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the jejunum of 10‐week‐old calves kept on either hay, concentrate or corn silage‐based diets in addition to milk replacer. While the maximal transport capacity was significantly higher for concentrate and corn silage‐fed animals, SGLT1 protein expression was highest in BBMV isolated from hay‐fed animals. This observation differs from the prevalent conception that induction of Na+‐dependent glucose uptake via SGLT1 is based on an increased number of transporters at the brush border membrane.  相似文献   

12.
哺乳犊牛处于奶牛生长抗逆性最差的阶段,对于饲养管理和环境具有更高的需求.但是哺乳犊牛的饲养模式及其环境管理一直存在模式选择不合理、环境控制机械化程度低、空气质量较差等问题,导致犊牛的患病率增加,甚至会增加犊牛死亡率、延缓生长、延长初次受胎成功的时间,从而影响奶牛场的整体效益.哺乳犊牛常用的饲养模式为舍内群养、舍内单栏饲...  相似文献   

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15.
    
Two experiments were carried out to determine whether Bovid herpsvirus (BHV) 2 is able to induce a recurrent infection in experimentally infected calves. In the first experiment the stress induced by dexamethasone (DMS) treatment failed to reactivate the clinical condition or to induce shedding of BHV2. However, treatment with DMS reactivated a latent BHV1 infection in all calves previously inoculated with BHV2 and also in two noninoculated controls. Probably, because of the interference by BHV1 the study failed to resolve the question as to whether BHV2 could induce a recurrent infection. Consequently, a second experiment was performed using calves devoid of antibody to BHV1 and, therefore, probably, free of virus. By this study it was demonstrated that BHV2 can remain as a latent infection in cattle, which, when immunosuppressed as with DMS, can be reactivated. A finding of considerable interest in this experiment was that in 1 calf a concurrent piroplasma infection was also, unexpectedly, discovered.Recrudescence of latent BHV1 infection was induced by DMS treatment of calves possessing antibody to the virus. The infection once reactivated, was readly transmitted by contact to three other calves devoid of antibody to BHV1. In the same experiment Parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) virus was unexpectedly isolated from all calves. It was speculated that all calves were latently infected with PI-3 virus with concurrent infection by BHV1 acting as a stress inducing PI-3 reactivation.These studies seem to indicate that mixed infections could have an important role in the mechanism involved in the establishment of latent infections and viral reactivation.  相似文献   

16.
The statistical analysis of hormones sampled throughout the production cycle is complicated because factors such as age and weight at the measuring date interfere. Spline curves constructed from pieces of low-degree, random-effects polynomials could be used for a more accurate analysis of data. Concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), weight gain, and concentrate intake of Parda de Montaña (PM) (n = 27) and Pirenaica calves (n = 14) were modeled with a spline model according to age at weaning, pre-weaning concentrate feeding, and breed. At birth, calves were randomly assigned to early weaning (EW) at 90 d or traditional weaning (TW) at 150 d. During lactation, half of PM calves received concentrates (S), whereas the remainder received no concentrates (NS). After weaning, calves received concentrates on an ad libitum basis until they reached a weight of 450 kg. The spline model had better likelihood than a polynomial of 6 degrees or a split-plot model. Serum IGF-1 concentration was greatly affected by age at weaning and pre-weaning concentrate feeding, but not by breed. In NS calves, IGF-1 concentration was greater in EW than in TW calves from 120 to 300 d, irrespective of breed. During lactation, S calves had greater IGF-1 concentration than NS calves. After weaning, EWNS calves reached the IGF-1 concentration of EWS calves after 4 mo on concentrates, whereas TWNS calves attained IGF-1 concentration of TWS calves after only 2 mo, because of their increased concentrate intake relative to TWS calves. Concentration of IGF-1 was positively correlated with the immediate weight gains and intake, but it was not a good predictor of performance in the long term.  相似文献   

17.
8~25日龄犊牛对牛乳和处理大豆粉消化性的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
用28头8~25日龄荷斯坦母牛犊进行消化试验 ,研究自然发酵———高温处理大豆粉的消化性。结果表明 ,犊牛对自然发酵———高温处理大豆粉代乳料的有机物和粗蛋白的消化率可达59 %和51 % ,40 %代乳期犊牛对有机物、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、醣、钙、磷的消化率分别为天然乳的86.19 %、81.84 %、87.32 %、95.47 %、87.05 %、85.96 %。从消化角度看 ,自然发酵———高温处理的大豆粉代乳料替代40 %牛乳饲喂13~25日龄犊牛是可行的。  相似文献   

18.
By microscopic examination of toluidine blue O stained autopsy lung imprints Pneumocystis carinii was shown in 6 calves out of 160 (3.8%), in 1 sheep out of 28 (3.6%) and in 8 pigs out of 119 (6.7%). This is the first report of Pneumocystis carinii in calves, sheep and pigs in Denmark.  相似文献   

19.
哺乳犊牛腹泻由多种原因造成,是犊牛养殖中相对常见的问题,在发病初期如得不到及时控制将造成严重损失,笔者结合牧场实践与现实情况,重点阐述了肉牛繁育场哺乳犊牛腹泻发病原因,同时分析、总结相关问题,针对性的提出肉牛繁育场哺乳犊牛腹泻管控方案,为行业内养殖者在处理哺乳犊牛腹泻时提供参考依据。  相似文献   

20.
本试验旨在比较母带犊牛和离母犊牛的血清代谢组学差异,为开发犊牛代乳粉提供方向。挑选8头健康且体重[(13.88±0.54) kg]接近的新生犊牛(牦牛■×犏牛♀)为母带犊牛组,犊牛随母哺乳;另外挑选8头体重[(13.75±0.82) kg]接近的新生犊牛(牦牛■×犏牛♀)为离母犊牛组,犊牛饲喂代乳粉。2组犊牛10 d后自由采食相同饲粮。试验期90 d。试验结束当天晨饲前对2组犊牛进行采血,采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-QTOF/MS)对血清样品进行代谢组学分析。以差异倍数(FC)、变量重要性投影(VIP)和t检验P值作为筛选依据,筛选标准为FC<0.5或FC>1.5、VIP>1和P<0.01。结果表明,共筛选出DL-3苯乳酸、D-山梨糖醇和橙皮素等共30个差异代谢物(FC<0.5或FC>1.5、VIP>1和P<0.01)。差异代谢物通路分析表明,与血清代谢物的改变最为相关的是D-谷氨酰胺和D-谷氨酸代谢、牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸的代谢、乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢以及谷胱甘肽代谢5条代谢通路。离母犊牛血清中具有抑菌作...  相似文献   

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