Dynamics of Soil Properties and Carbon Stocks Structure in Postagrogenic Ecosystems of Southern Taiga during Natural Reforestation

Eurasian Soil Science - The dynamics of some soil properties and carbon stocks in the main components of postagrogenic ecosystems were studied during natural reforestation in dependence on the...     

Changes in Soil Properties on Fallows in Kursk Oblast and Trends of Postagrogenic Soil Development in Forest-Steppe and Steppe Zones

Eurasian Soil Science - Changes in the macro-, meso-, and micromorphological properties of plowed migration-mycelial chernozems (Haplic Chernozems) after their conversion into permanent unmanaged...     

Parameters of the Native Hydrocarbon Status of Soils in Different Bioclimatic Zones

Eurasian Soil Science - To characterize the native component of the hydrocarbon status of soils in different bioclimatic zones, representative soils were studied in the East European Plain within...     

The Dynamics of Carbon Pools and Biological Activity of Retic Albic Podzols in Southern Taiga during the Postagrogenic Evolution

Eurasian Soil Science - The succession of natural vegetation on the former arable soils triggers the processes of postagrogenic restoration of soil ecological functions specific of a particular...     

Organic Matter and Physical Properties of Postagrogenic Eroded Soddy-Podzolic Soil and Arable Soddy-Podzolic Soil

Eurasian Soil Science - In a moderately eroded regraded deep-podzolic clay loamy agrosoddy-podzolic soil (Albic Retisol (Loamic)) of unmanaged fallow in Moscow oblast, a significant increase in the...     

Changes in the Plant Cover and Biological Properties of Chernozems in the Postagrogenic Period

Eurasian Soil Science - Changes in the soil cover and biological properties of ordinary chernozems in the natural succession on fallow lands differing in their age have been studied in Rostov...     

Changes in Soil Nematode Communities during Postagrogenic Transformation of Peat Soils and Vegetation

Eurasian Soil Science - The results of a long-term study of changes in soils and vegetation during postagrogenic succession of sown meadows on reclaimed peat soils (Eutric Histosols) are presented....     

我国华南地区不同利用条件下土壤演变对障碍因子的影响

华南地区不同土壤利用条件下土壤性质演变和障碍因子的识别,对该地区土壤发生过程和管理利用有重要参考价值。本文根据中国土壤系统分类的检索原则,在收集华南9省土种志典型剖面资料的基础上,确定了系统分类的土壤类型,并基于此,研究了不同利用条件下,土壤性质的演变,分析了土壤障碍因子及其影响程度。总的来看,发育在林地条件下的土壤,粉粒、pH、阳离子交换量(CEC)、盐基饱和度(BS)、速效磷、速效钾都明显低于旱耕地土壤,有机质、全氮则相反。林地土壤随着风化作用增强,从雏形土、淋溶土、富铁土到铁铝土,土壤黏粒含量逐渐增加,而土壤pH、CEC、有效CEC(ECEC)、有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾等逐渐降低。对旱耕地而言,各种土壤性质基本具有与林地土壤性质一致的变化趋势,但是增加或减少的程度有所不同。结合主成分中土壤性质的组合特征来分析土壤障碍,结果表明华南地区土壤在不同土壤利用和类型下都存在养分贫瘠化、酸化、黏化、磷和钾供应能力低下的主要障碍因子,但各障碍因子发生的次序不同,随着风化作用加强,土壤黏化成为最主要的障碍因子。因此,在土壤利用和管理过程中应因土制宜,根据土壤类型来确定适当的改良措施。     

The Influence of Agricultural Land Use on the Dynamics of Biological Cycling and Soil Properties in the Course of Postagrogenic Succession (Kostroma Oblast)

Eurasian Soil Science - The postagrogenic dynamics of biological cycling and soil properties have been studied in three soil successions characterizing postagrogenic overgrowing of: (i) former...     

不同恢复阶段人工沙棘林土壤腐殖质组成及性质

以陇东黄土高原沟壑区人工沙棘林根际土壤为研究对象,研究了不同恢复阶段近熟期沙棘林土壤的腐殖质组成、结合形态及胡敏酸的光学性质。结果表明,不同恢复年限人工沙棘林下土壤腐殖质各组分有机碳含量为:胡敏素(HM)胡敏酸(HA)富里酸(FA);PQ值(可提取腐殖质中HA的比例)表现为:CK7a10a15a,且不同恢复年限各层土壤的PQ均大于52%;E4/E6和ΔlgK(色调系数)的值:15a10aCK7a;RF值(相对色度)与E4/E6和ΔlgK的变化趋势相同,即15a10a7aCK。恢复15a后,各层土壤有机碳的腐殖化程度比10,7a和CK显著降低,说明随着恢复年限的增加,土壤的腐殖化程度趋向简单,土壤胡敏酸的氧化稳定性下降,且不利于土壤的肥力发展。因此,在利用人工沙棘林进行水土保持和恢复提高土壤综合肥力超过15a时,应及时更新。     

安多县沙漠化过程中土壤理化性质的演变特征

通过分析安多县不同沙漠化阶段代表性草地土壤的理化性质,揭示了该县草地在沙漠化过程中土壤理化性质的演变特征。研究表明:在沙漠化过程中土壤的理化性质变化明显,从潜在沙漠化向重度沙漠化演变过程中土壤抗风蚀与保水性能下降、土壤pH值升高、土壤颗粒粗化且剖面内土壤颗粒组成分异增大,风蚀对土壤颗粒的机械分选明显;在原始草地演变为潜在沙漠化草地这个阶段有机碳与速效养分损失严重,应重视沙漠化的早期防治。研究结果还表明在沙漠化过程中土壤属性之间存在复杂的相互作用。依据沙漠化过程中土壤理化性质的演变特征,提出了在进行草地恢复时需特别注意的土壤问题。     

伊犁河谷不同森林模式下土壤的养分特征和粒径组成

[目的]对伊犁河谷不同森林模式下土壤粒径组成和养分空间特征进行研究,为科学栽培和可持续经营提供理论依据。[方法]通过野外采样与室内试验,分析伊犁河谷不同模式下土壤粒径分布特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系。[结果]7个模式林地土壤基本集中在细粉粒和粗粉粒两个粒级。主要由细粉粒—粗粉粒—黏粒、细粉粒—粗粉粒—极细砂粒和粗粉粒—细粉粒—极细砂粒为主的质地组成,其中细粉粒—粗粉粒—黏粒土壤养分较佳,相比之下含有砂粒的土壤养分较低。土壤有机质和土壤碱解氮与黏粒和细粉粒含量的关系非常密切,尤其是细粉粒;速效磷与砂粒、黏粒和细粉粒呈正相关;速效钾与黏粒和细粉粒含量的关系密切,随着其含量增加而增加,跟砂粒呈显著负相关,砂粒含量高,速效钾含量降低。[结论]伊犁河谷7个模式林分土壤养分状况各异,养分各项指标含量不同,可根据养分状况进行抚育管理。各模式土壤中粉粒含量占绝对优势。根据各养分含量与各粒径组成之间的相关性分析表明,土壤颗粒越细,与土壤养分的关系越密切。     

不同植物带地埂土壤抗侵蚀效果研究

采用野外调查与室内试验相结合的方法,对研究区坡耕地3种不同地埂植物带上的植物生长状况、土壤物理化学性状及土壤崩解速率进行了测定,研究了不同植物带地埂土壤的抗侵蚀效果。结果表明:黄花菜与红小豆混种能够促进地埂植物带上植物地上和地下部分生长,增强植物护埂、固埂作用;不同植物带地埂土壤容重随土层深度的增加而增大,土壤孔隙度、含水量和有机质含量随土层深度的增加而降低;黄花菜、红小豆及黄花菜与红小豆混种植物带地埂土壤孔隙度、含水量及有机质含量均高于对照裸埂,土壤容重低于裸埂,黄花菜地埂土壤孔隙度最好,黄花菜与红小豆混种地埂土壤保水保肥性最好;不同植物带地埂土壤崩解速率随土层深度的增加而增大,黄花菜与红小豆混种地埂土壤抗崩解、抗侵蚀性能最强,是适合东北低山丘陵区坡耕地水土流失防治的良好措施。     

Changes in the Carbon Stocks,Microbial and Enzyme Activities of Retic Albic Podzol in Southern Taiga during Postagrogenic Evolution

Eurasian Soil Science - Soil organic matter largely controls the ecosystem functions of soil and is a source of energy and a nutrient substrate for the soil microbial community as well. The...     

Nitrate Evolution in Soil,Leaching Water,and Lettuce Plant Crops using Different Fertilization Strategies

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different fertilizing strategies applied during three successive cycles on lettuce growth and the nitrate evolution in the soil, leaching water, and the lettuce plant itself. Four fertilization treatments were compared: integrated production fertilization (IP), organic fertilization (ORG), slow-release N fertilizers (SRF), and plant-associative bacteria (PAB). The nitrate content of the pore water and leachate decreased toward harvesting time in each crop cycle. The accumulation of residual nitrates in the soil decreased in each successive cycle in all treatments. The greatest lettuce head weight was achieved by ORG and SRF in the first cycle and by IP in the third cycle; IP and SRF produced the greatest nitrate content in lettuce leaves, especially in the second and third cycles. The nitrate content of leaves fell in the last cycle, as nitrate levels in soil and in leaching fell in all treatments.     

Agrogenic and Postagrogenic Changes in Physical Properties and Carbon Stocks in Dark-Humus Podbels

Eurasian Soil Science - The changes in the physical properties and carbon stocks of dark-humus podbels (Luvic Albic Mollic Planosols (Epiloamic, Endoclayic, Aric)) during long-term agricultural use...     

半湿润与半干旱区黄绵土冬小麦农田土壤剖面特征研究

为研究不同气候区黄绵土的土壤剖面差异,本研究基于土壤剖面调查数据,分析了半湿润区和半干旱区冬小麦农田的土壤剖面特征及土壤基本属性。结果表明:半湿润区土壤剖面存在明显的犁底层,犁底层土壤容重接近1.60 g cm-3,土壤结构体以片状和棱柱状为主,淋溶层存在显著的石灰性沉积,pH显著高于其他土层;半干旱区无显著犁底层,土壤容重在1.40 g cm-3左右,土壤结构体以块状和团粒为主,没有显著的石灰性沉积;不同区域黄绵土土壤颗粒均以粉砂粒为主,黏粒含量低于10%,半干旱区黏粒含量低于半湿润区;除表层以外,其他各层0.25 mm水稳性团聚体比例超过50%,不利于蓄积水分养分;有机质、氮及速效磷含量较低是土壤肥力的主要障碍因子。     

不同有机物料覆盖对桃园土壤理化性质及桃幼树生长的影响

采用锯末、锯末颗粒、泥炭颗粒、腐熟树皮、半腐熟树皮和未腐熟树皮等为覆盖材料,研究不同覆盖处理对桃园土壤理化性质和桃幼树生长的影响。结果表明:覆盖处理显著降低了0-25cm土层的温度,春季较对照低0.08～2.1℃,夏季较对照低0.94～2.94℃,各处理土壤温度从高到低依次为:对照>泥炭颗粒>3cm树皮>锯末颗粒>未腐熟树皮>9cm树皮>6cm腐熟树皮>锯末>半腐熟树皮;覆盖增加了0-100cm土层土壤贮水量,增加量为5.3～61.3mm。各处理土壤贮水量从高到低依次为:锯末>6cm腐熟树皮>3cm树皮>半腐熟树皮>锯末颗粒>9cm树皮>泥炭颗粒=未腐熟树皮>对照;各覆盖处理0-20cm土层中有机质含量略有增加;覆盖处理促进了桃树干径的生长和叶面积的增大,各覆盖处理干茎增加1.0～2.8cm,其中以半腐熟树皮处理增加幅度最大。叶面积较对照增加7.6%～19.6%,其中树皮处理叶面积最大。综合考虑,半腐熟的树皮是几种材料中最适合的覆盖材料,6cm是合适的覆盖厚度,颗粒状材料优于粉末状材料。     

徐州市不同功能城区绿地土壤的理化性质分析

以徐州市三环路内不同功能区的绿地土壤为研究对象,通过对城区土壤的理化性质与养分状况等指标进行测定分析,并与该地区自然土壤进行了对比,研究其变化的趋势.结果表明:该绿地土壤的容重较大,孔隙度和田间持水量少,有机质缺乏,养分含量不均,pH值明显向碱性的方向演变.     

Soil Chemical Properties and Nutrient Composition of Cocoyam Grown in an Organically Fertilized Soil

ABSTRACT

Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years to evaluate the influence of cow dung and rice husk application rates on soil chemical properties and nutrient composition of cocoyam cormels. The treatments comprised four rates each of cow dung and rice husk (0, 10, 20, and 30 t/ha) arranged as a factorial experiment using randomized complete block design with three replicates. The treatments were incorporated into the soil 2 weeks before planting of cocoyam each year. After 2 years of cropping, soil samples were collected from the respective plots and analyzed so also cocoyam cormels. Cow dung application positively and significantly (P < .05) affected soil pH, organic matter (OM), and the soil nutrients (r = 0.95, 0.98, and 0.94–1.00, respectively) while rice husk application significantly and positively influenced soil OM, nitrogen and phosphorus (r = 0.98, 0.95, and 0.98, respectively). Aside potassium content that was enhanced, cow dung application did not significantly affect the nutrient composition of the cocoyam cormels. However, 30 t/ha of applied rice husk caused significant reduction in crude protein and fiber contents but significant increase in carbohydrate. There was negative and significant correlation between rice husk and the cormels crude protein (r = ?0.97). A total of 20 t/ha each of the organic fertilizers was found to be optimum for improving soil fertility and invariably yield without compromising the nutrient content of the cocoyam cormels.