智慧设施农业中控制系统的研究进展

随着科学技术的发展，农业的发展越来越趋于信息化、现代化，智慧农业是未来农业发展的必然趋势。温室控制系统是智慧设施农业的核心，是实现设施农业规模化发展、集约化生产的关键。本研究综述了温室控制相关研究进展，以期在今后的研究中起到一定的作用。温室控制系统自20世纪70年代发展至今越来越成熟，本研究对比了温室控制系统的控制算法、主控芯片、各种传感器，通过对近些年来包括控制系统在内的感知层、传输层和应用层等组成部分综述，并介绍了市面上比较主流的传感器、网络传输技术以及主控芯片，旨在为温室控制系统的设计提供一种可选择的方案，并对温室设施农业中存在的问题和未来的发展方向进行了分析和展望。     

上海旅游农业的开发建设与发展对策

根据系统设计的指导思想,分析了旅游农业具有的农业特性、生态特性和娱乐特性等基本特性,阐述了发展旅游农业的作用,提出了上海发展旅游农业的对策：①树立新观念,拓宽旅游农业的功能;②把旅游农业置于都市旅游系统与都市农业发展整体规划之中;③立足本地资源,因地制宜,扬长避短,突出特色;④旅游农业自身的设计必须强调独创性开发。     

LJAMCE对猪生长性能与生化指标的影响

摘 要 杜×长×大三元杂交肥育猪48头被随机分成三组,即对照组、试验1组和试验2组。三组猪试验处理如下：在基础饲粮中加黄霉素20mg/kg后,喂对照组猪;在基础饲粮中加0.15﹪金银花-黄芪复合提取物（LJAMCE）后,喂试验1组猪;在基础饲粮中加0.3﹪LJAMCE后,喂试验2组猪。饲养试验期为40d。饲养试验结果如下： ①试验1、2组猪的日增重均在不同程度上快于对照组猪,分别提高了20.4﹪（P＜0.05）和10.0﹪（P＞0.05）;②LJAMCE可提高饲料转化率,分别比对照组提高9.8﹪（P＞0.05）和5.2﹪（P＞0.05）。③饲粮中加0.15﹪LJAMCE对GPT活性、IgG、TG、vLDL等血液生化指标都有不同程度的积极作用;④LJAMCE在饲粮中适宜添加量为0.15﹪。 关键词 LJAMCE;生长性能;生化指标;育肥猪     

0.2%苦皮藤素乳油防治茶尺蠖等害虫药效试验研究

【研究目的】研究植物源类杀虫剂苦皮藤素乳油对茶尺蠖等害虫防治效果。【方法】应用0.2%苦皮藤素乳油,500倍、1000倍和1500倍3个浓度,分别处理茶鲜叶放入果酱瓶中,接上茶尺蠖二龄幼虫,进行室内防效评价实验;应用1500倍进行大田防效试验;应用500倍、1000倍和1500倍3个浓度进行防治茶小绿叶蝉的田间防效小区对比试验。【结果】应用500倍、1000倍和1500倍3个浓度的0.2%苦皮藤素其结果表明;室内：0.2%苦皮藤素500倍,药后3天死亡率98.67%,1000倍的死亡率85.33%,1500倍的死亡率73.33%;大田防效：0.2%苦皮藤素1500倍药后10天防治茶尺蠖,防效为88.13%~90.69%;0.2%苦皮藤素500倍药后8天防治小绿叶蝉,防效为63.66%~80.11%。【结论】试验显示了该药剂对茶尺蠖有较好的防效和持效期,可作为植物源类杀虫剂在无公害茶叶生产基地上推广应用。     

硅肥处理对荞麦幼苗抗旱性的影响

研究不同浓度硅肥对荞麦幼苗抗旱性生理指标的影响, 综合指标比较各处理组的抗旱特性差异,筛选出适宜浓度的硅肥,为干旱地区合理施用硅肥提高荞麦产量提供科学依据。实验以榆荞3号种子为材料,催芽后盆栽,播种前,分别将0.05mol/L、0.10mol/L、0.15mol/L、0.2 mol/L硅酸钾( K2SiO3)溶液一次性施入轻度(田间持水量60%)、中度(田间持水量40%)和重度干旱胁迫(田间持水量20%)土壤中,蒸馏水处理作为对照,当苗长到两叶一心期,测其SOD,POD活性及可溶性糖的含量。结果表明：随干旱胁迫加剧,荞麦幼苗SOD、POD均下降,可溶性糖含量增加;加硅后的各处理组与同一胁迫程度的对照组相比,SOD、POD活性以及可溶性糖含量均有所上升,且在0.05mol/L的硅肥处理后各项生化指标均显著性地高于对照组。因此随灌水量减少,荞麦幼苗受到的干旱损伤加剧,适宜的硅肥有助于缓减荞麦幼苗的干旱损伤,提高其抗旱能力。     

不同添加剂对重庆地区高山地区玉米秸秆青贮品质影响研究

重庆山区玉米秸秆丰富,但多被焚烧,造成资源浪费。青贮发酵能够利用现有的秸秆发酵成富含蛋白质、多种维生素和无机盐的青贮饲料,目前青贮添加剂已被广泛应用到秸秆青贮中,本试验为探讨不同化学、生物添加剂对重庆山地玉米秸秆青贮料品质的影响,找出最佳青贮添加剂种类及剂量。本试验以重庆高山地区的不带玉米果穗的玉米秸秆为原料,进行甲酸、EM菌和纤维素酶不同添加剂量的青贮饲料发酵试验。结果表明：玉米秸秆青贮过程中添加甲酸、EM菌、纤维素酶可有效改善青贮饲料品质和营养价值,其中以混合添加EM菌和纤维素酶、添加3 mL/kg甲酸效果最佳,pH分别为4.33、4.28,乳酸含量分别为3.27%、4.06%,粗蛋白含量分别为2.99%、2.34%,其青贮饲料感官评定都为优。这两种处理方法可获得较理想的玉米秸秆青贮饲料,可改善玉米秸秆青贮饲料的发酵品质,可作为重庆山区玉米秸秆青贮的依据。     

都市型现代农业的内涵、特征与发展趋势

都市型现代农业是城郊型农业发展的高级阶段,是一种不同于都市农业的农业类型。笔者系统地介绍了都市型现代农业的概念,它具有生产属性、生态属性和生活属性,并具有九大基本特征;它与都市农业的不同之处体现在适用范围、农业所依托的都市类型、地域范围等方面,与城郊型农业的不同则体现在空间布局、体制结构、功能结构、建设理念、产业结构、技术体系、投入重点等七个方面。提出了都市型现代农业的发展趋势。     

都市农业与农民技术素质教育

文章主要论述了宁波市鄞州区都市农业已初具雏形和在都市农业条件下加强农民技术素质教育的必要性,分析了宁波市鄞州区农民技术素质教育的现状与目前存在的问题,提出了面对都市农业农民技术素质教育应当把握的5个环节.     

DNA芯片技术在动物医学中的应用研究进展

随着基因组数据的增长,DNA芯片(DNA Chip)技术得到广泛应用。其集成化、微型化、自动化的优点,为生物、医学、化学等领域的研究提供了一个强有力的工具,本文从病原微生物基因表达谱研究、基因组学研究以及病原微生物检测鉴定研究等多个方面概述了DNA芯片技术在动物医学中的应用进展、并对DNA芯片技术的原理进行综述。     

北京现代都市农业建设应大力发展休闲农业

休闲农业是现代都市农业的重要组成部分,在北京尤其需要大力发展。休闲农业是一种体验经济产业,是城乡融合的重要途径。北京发展休闲农业是由城市生产、生态、生活和社会发展的强烈需求决定的。当前北京也已经具备了休闲农业大发展的基本条件。应采取系列措施,逐步建成北京以农业园区和民俗旅游为主体结构的"城市-郊区-乡村-田野"休闲农业体系。     

Design of the distributed wireless monitoring system

For the limitations of the traditional monitoring systems under the circumstances of dispersed monitoring points, wide distribution range and the harsh environment, a distributed wireless monitoring system based on radio frequency technique is designed. The system adopts the ultra low power consumption MCU MSP430 as the main control chip and extends several processing module in the periphery. In addition, the multi channel transceiver nRF905 is used for wireless data transmission. The software and hardware design scheme of the proposed system and the communication protocol for distributed data transmission are discussed. Frequency hopping mechanisms are employed to increase the reliability of data transmission. The results show that the proposed system has the characteristics such as flexible use and excellent mobility, while can monitor multipoint data in special environment in real time.     

Application of ObjectARX Technology in Power CAD

Considering Object oriented design, abstract mechanism of object and technology of procedure design in ObjectARX are introduced.By analyzing characteristics of power network, the puper it elaborates process of definition special object by using of open structure of AutoCAD inner database , base class provided by ARX and mechanism of calss inheritance and derivative. The class definition of elemens is also given in power system as well. Technology of data exchange is also elaborated. On this base ,object models of power CAD are constructed.Date exchange between PWCAD and the external database is also realized.     

GPS Information Obtaining in uClinux Embed System

Data receiving system of GPS system based on Linux was completed. The embedded MCF5272 system, M12 and G18 modules were used in the application based on uClinux. Taken MCF5272 as core, satellite position data were obtained through GPS(Global Positing System)module M12,and uClinux operation system was used in the system for controlling. By G18 module, the GPS data can be transmitted to wireless mobile network linked to Internet and received by remote server, which had been linked to Internet also. The constitution of embedded system is gived and the principle of GPS is introduced. The soft for GPS receiving is realized in uClinux system with C language, and the test data are gived in the end. The resolution of the system is that latitude and longitude: 1 milliarcsecond, height: 0.01 m, velocity: 0. 01 m/s.     

Shot Detection System Based on DirectShow

对草莓、胡萝卜复合果蔬汁生产工艺及其成品稳定性进行了研究.采用正交试验设计出的最佳配方:胡萝卜汁与草莓汁重量比1:3,蔗糖添加量10%、柠檬酸0.15%、蜂蜜8%、黄原胶0.10%.该工艺生产的饮料色泽明亮,口感清爽,富含有机酸、氨基酸、维生素和矿物质,具有胡萝卜、草莓双重营养价值与保健功能.     

Robot Manipulator Lettering Technology and Motion

Lettering robot manipulator is a kind of teaching and science popularization device which is fit for schools and science museums and so on. The basic construction, parameter and control system are introduced. The homogeneous transformation equation of manipulator is created according to the Denavit-Hartenberg method, and the kinematics solution and inverse kinematics solution are analyzed. The present state of vector font handling in CAD/CAM application is summarized. Because it is difficult to analyze directly the format of TTF font file and to get the outline of a certain letter, we call the windows API function GetGlyphOutline to read the data of TTF vector font in windows system. On the dot array mongline font we have vectorize it with VC++.Through the wectorised data and kinematics equation,the track programming and control and so on can be realized.     

The edge element method in the forward problem of magnetic inductiontomography with homogeneous sinusoidal magnetic excitation

The edge finite element method and the imaging visualization have been studied in the forward problem of magnetic induction tomography MIT with homogeneous sinusoidal magnetic excitation. The definite equations of the forward problem were established using the electric field intensity as the vector variable. The edge FE method for solving the definite equations was introduced in detail and realized as the MATLAB program. In order to realize the visualization of MIT in imaging the intracranial hemorrhage, a real human brain finite element model was created with the human head MRI data. On the basis of this model, we realized the 3D visualization of MIT imaging in MATLAB. The research results demonstrated the validity of the definite equations and the edge FE method in calculating the forward problem. And the 3D visualization of MIT imaging with real human brain model established a foundation for the application study of MIT in imaging intracranial hemorrhage.     

Inheritance and allelism of Russian wheat aphid resistance in several wheat lines

The Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) has caused serious reduction in wheat production in 17 Western states of the United States since 1986. Inheritance of resistance to RWA in seven wheat lines and the allelism of the resistance genes in these lines with three known resistance genes Dn4, Dn5, and Dn6 were studied. The seven resistant lines were crossed to a susceptible wheat cultivar ‘Carson’ and three resistant wheats: CORWA1 (Dn4), PI 294994 (Dn5), and PI 243781 (Dn6). Seedlings of the parents, F₁, and F₂ were screened for RWA resistance in the greenhouse by artificial infestation. Seedling reactions were evaluated 21–28 days after the infestation using a 1–9 scale. The resistance level of all the F₁ hybrids was similar to that of the resistant parent, indicating dominant gene control. Only two distinctive classes were present and no intermediate types were observed in the F₂ population, suggesting qualitative, nonadditive gene action, in which the presence of any one of the dominant alleles confers complete resistance to RWA. Resistance in CI 2401 is controlled by two dominant genes. Resistance in CI 6501 and PI 94365 is governed by one dominant gene. Resistance in PI 94355 and PI 151918 may be conditioned by either one dominant gene or one dominant and one recessive gene. No conclusion can be made on how many resistance genes are in AUSVA1-F₃, since the parent population was not a pure line. Allelic analyses showed that one of resistance genes in CI 2401 and PI 151918 was the same allele as Dn4, the resistance gene in CI 6501 was the same allele as Dn6, and AUS-VA1-F₃ had one resistance gene which was the same allele as one of the resistance genes in PI 294994. One non-allelic resistance gene different from the Dn4, Dn5, and Dn6 genes in CI 2401, PI 94355, PI 94365, and PI 222668 was identified and should be very useful in diversifying gene sources in wheat breeding.     

农村居民点整理潜力与景观特征关系研究

为更好地研究农村居民点整理潜力与其景观特征之间的关系,以2012年临夏县土地利用数据为基础,测算南塬乡各行政村农村居民点整理的可实现潜力,并采用景观生态学方法分别计算各村居民点形状、规模和分布3个方向的景观指数,运用主成分分析各景观指数贡献率的基础上引入综合景观特征值,探讨了农村居民点类型尺度上农村居民点整理潜力与综合景观特征值之间的关系。研究表明：（1）农村居民点整理潜力受自然、社会、经济等因素影响,可实现潜力仅为理论潜力的一半;（2）受地形影响,南塬乡各村居民点斑块分布差异较大,综合景观特征值能够全面地反映出各景观指数对整体格局的影响;（3）综合景观特征值和可实现潜力有很强的相关性,综合景观特征值越高说明居民点斑块越规则,其整理潜力越小,例如江家寨村综合景观特征值最高为1.409,但其可实现潜力仅为2.23 hm²。     

The Design and Implemention of an Automatic Generation System for Electric Power System Tidal Current and Impedance Charts

The poper proposes an efficient algorithm based on HOPFIELD neural networksto solve the crossing numbers problem of graph theory,and with the algorithm we successfully realized the automatic generation of electric power system tidal current and impedance charts.A technique using logic coordinate system to create,export very large scale graph is introduced in addition.